1,724 research outputs found
Quali problemi di comunicazioni le organizzazioni debbono affrontare? Comunicazione implicita: realizzazione e prima validazione di un questionario per i diversi livelli delle organizzazioni dipendenti/dirigenti, pubblico/privato. Tentativo di costruzione di un modello con equazioni strutturali.
No full textLa comunicazione nelle organizzazioni ha, per sua stessa natura, un ruolo fondamentale nei processi che si attuano attraverso la coordinazione e si finalizzano mediante l'azione di operatori e manager per il conseguimento dei risultati, per la formazione e la valutazione dei collaboratori, per condividere decisioni e risolvere conflitti. In tempi recenti si è assistito nelle organizzazioni ad un passaggio della comunicazione da un ruolo meramente sussidiario ad un ruolo strutturale e strutturante per le organizzazioni stesse, fino a costituire un indicatore della loro qualità e della loro stessa salute (Avallone, Paplomatas, 2005). Inoltre si è anche osservata una trasformazione ed unificazione dei vecchi paradigmi comunicativi (comunicazione interna/esterna) in termini di integrazione delle funzioni e di globalizzazione dei destinatari. Tali trasformazioni sono state colte ed esaltate nell’ambito di un nuovo paradigma comunicazionale, concettualizzato da Emanuele Invernizzi (Invernizzi, 2000), che definisce la “Comunicazione Organizzativa” come l’insieme dei processi strategici e operativi di creazione, scambio e condivisione di messaggi informativi e valoriali all’interno delle diverse reti di relazioni che costituiscono l’essenza dell’organizzazione e della sua collocazione nell’ambiente (Invernizzi, 2000). Tuttavia tale paradigma si concentra solo sulle attività comunicative esplicite e chiare. Per comunicazione esplicita si intende una comunicazione dove il contenuto comunicativo, il messaggio e la relazione sottostante allo scambio sono perspicui, visibili, quantificabili (Anolli, 2006). Il nostro lavoro tenta di allargare tale analisi e mettere in luce i ruoli svolti dalla componente implicita di un processo comunicativo, comprendente la discomunicazione, le occlusioni comunicative e il silenzio organizzativo. Tali fenomeni sono a nostro avviso presenti nel tessuto organizzativo ed hanno una loro precisa logica e un loro peculiare funzionamento. Questi fenomeni, per i partecipanti allo scambio comunicativo, generano insoddisfazione, malessere organizzativo, individuale, oppure vengono utilizzati per perseguire fini relazionali disfunzionali, consapevoli o inconsapevoli. A tutt’oggi manca uno specifico strumento di diagnosi organizzativa che permetta di individuare tali aree (discomunicative, occlusive e di silenzio organizzativo), anche perché la stessa letteratura si occupa ben poco di tali fenomeni. Per mettere in luce tali fenomeni presenti nelle organizzazioni e per capire come questi vengono manipolati dalle varie figure appartenenti alla stessa abbiamo costruito ad hoc uno strumento di diagnosi organizzativa (due questionari), che tenta di indagare le competenze discomunicative di dirigenti e di dipendenti di piccole e medie imprese, nel settore pubblico e privato, ed è volto anche a verificare lo stato delle competenze e della sensibilità a tali modalità comunicative. Le analisi condotte su due distinti campioni (lavoratori dipendenti, dirigenti) hanno evidenziato soddisfacenti caratteristiche psicometriche dei questionari da utilizzare come strumenti di diagnosi organizzativa per la verifica del grado di conoscenza e di competenza comunicativa allargata ai fenomeni discomunicativi e silenti, tenendo conto anche della relativa novità dell’approccio e della carenza di strumenti validati che misurino tali costrutti.Within organizations the communication plays, owing to its nature, a fundamental role in all processes taking place through the coordination and the action of workers and managers in order to achieve specific goals, train and assess collaborators, share decisions and resolve conflicts. In recent times the organizations have been characterized by a change of the role played by communication. Namely this role, previously viewed as subsidiary, became structural and structuring the organizations themselves, so as to make the communication an index characterizing their quality and their health (Avallone, Paplomatas, 2005). Moreover, it has been possible to observe a transformation and unification of the old communicational paradigms (internal/external communication) in terms of integration of functions and globalization of recipients. Such transformations have been included and highlighted within a new communicational paradigm, introduced by Emanuele Invernizzi (Invernizzi, 2000), who defines the ‘Organizational communication’ as the set of strategic and operant processes of creation, exchange, and sharing of informational and value-transmitting messages, within the different networks of relationships which constitute the essence of the organization and of its place in the environment (Invernizzi, 2000). However such a paradigm deals only with the explicit and clear communication activities. Here a communication can be denoted as explicit if its content, the message, and the relationship underlying the communicational exchange are perspicuous, visible, quantifiable (Anolli, 2006). Our contribution tries to widen the domain of this analysis, so as to evidence the role played by the implicit component of a communication process, including the miscommunication, the occlusions, and the organizational silence. According to our opinion these phenomena actually occur within the organizational context and are associated with a precise logic and a specific operating mode. As regards the participants to the communicational exchange, these phenomena produce dissatisfaction, organizational and individual uneasiness. In other cases they are used to achieve dysfunctional relational goals, conscious or unconscious. Actually we lack a specific diagnostic tool allowing to detect within the organizations the presence of these domains (characterized by miscommunication, occlusions, and organizational silence), also because they are rarely taken into account by the existing literature. In order to evidence the occurrence of these phenomena and to understand how the latter are managed by the different components of the organizations themselves we introduced a new ad hoc tool for the organization diagnosis (two questionnaires), designed to investigate about the miscommunicational competence of both managers and workers belonging to both private and public enterprises. The same tool has been also designed to assess the status of the competence and sensitivity to these communication modalities. The data analyses done on two different samples (workers and managers) showed that these questionnaires have good psychometric features. This allows, taking even into account the novelty of this approach and the lack of validated tools in this domain, to use them as reliable diagnostic tools in order to assess the level of communicational knowledge and competence, including the miscommunication and silence phenomena
Vanessa Roeder: 2024 Irma Black Award Gold Medal Acceptance Speech
No full textAuthor Vanessa Roeder gives an acceptance speech for The King Penguin (Dial Books for Young Readers, Penguin Random House)https://educate.bankstreet.edu/irma_black_awards/1014/thumbnail.jp
Le rappresentazioni del cyberbullo e della cybervittima tra gli adolescenti italiani: un’indagine esplorativa
No full textIn una società ipertecnologica quale l’attuale, caratterizzata da una sempre maggiore possibilità di connessioni costanti, bambini e ragazzi sono precocemente esposti all’utilizzo delle nuove tecnologie, che essi utilizzano per esprimere se stessi e per relazionarsi con gli altri. La mancanza di un’adeguata preparazione all’uso corretto di tali strumenti li espone tuttavia a notevoli rischi: le relazioni interpersonali, infatti, vengono stravolte a tal punto che spesso la dimensione virtuale ha la stessa valenza di quella reale o vi si af" anca in modo complementare. Diretta conseguenza è la crescita, negli ultimi anni, di episodi di cyberbullismo che hanno avuto e continuano ad avere signi" cative ripercussioni sul benessere individuale dei singoli soggetti. Il presente lavoro ha indagato la percezione dei ruoli di cyberbullo e cybervittima in un campione di adolescenti di età compresa tra i dodici e i quindici anni, residenti in Sardegna e in Veneto, attraverso un questionario costituito da 48 item. I risultati mostrano rappresentazioni eterogenee del cyberbullo e della cybervittima; alcuni di essi esprimono una forte preoccupazione per la diffusione del fenomeno, mentre altri appaiono indifferenti. Tali dimensioni possono essere spiegate in sia relazione al contesto socio-culturale di provenienza sia alle esperienze direttamente vissute. Le dimensioni individuate permettono quindi di confermare i paradigmi identi" cati dalla letteratura, consentendoci così di tracciare pro" li differenziati sulla base dell’esperienza di questo fenomeno. Le differenze di genere che si apprezzano nelle vittime, unitamente alle caratterizzazioni legate all’apparente circolarità del fenomeno, confermano le peculiarità del ruolo di cyberbullo sopra enucleate
Standards for the level of nurse staffing in critical care units
No full textThe gold standard for nurse staffing levels in critical care in the United Kingdom has been established since 1967 at one nurse for each patient. Recent evidence suggests however that there is a great deal of difference in the staffing levels and skill mix between individual critical care units in the UK, with the result that nurses are being challenged to justify and defend the 1:1 ratio. The aim of this article is to provide the wider intensive care community with an overview of the Standards for Nurse Staffing in Critical Care units as proposed by the organisations representing critical care nurses in the UK
Recall this Book 31: A Conversation with Vanessa Smith
No full textU. Sydney professor Vanessa Smith-author of Intimate Strangers, and also of a lovely short piece about Marion Milner-joins John to discuss her pandemic reading. She praises a Milner (quasi)travel book, but she also makes the case for M F K Fisher and a book about the glories of hypochondria. Then the old friends share their newfound love for spiky Australian novelist Helen Garner, doyenne of share-house feminism
Efficienza mnestica e capacità di disegno in studenti delle scuole secondarie: esiste una relazione?
No full textDifferences in profiles of emotional behavioral problems across instruments in verbally fluent versus language impaired children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textThere has been increasing attention to the assessment of minimally verbal (MV) children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous research has begun to examine the relationship between verbal abilities and emotional and behavioral problems (EBP). The current study compared parent-reported EBP in children of differing language levels on two instruments commonly used in ASD research and clinical practice, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). The study consisted of 1,937 6-18 years old children with ASD from the Simons Simplex Collection. Children were divided into three language groups, by ADOS module (Module 1 = MV, 2 = phrase speech (PS), 3 and 4 = verbally fluent (VF)) and then compared on CBCL and ABC subscales. The ABC and CBCL showed different patterns of elevations across the language groups. MV children were reported to have more impairment than VF children on the ABC Irritability, Lethargy and Hyperactivity scales. Children with less language (MV and PS) exhibited less impairment on the CBCL Internalizing domain than VF children, but did not differ on the Externalizing domain. Post hoc comparisons showed that Internalizing differences were driven by fewer children with less language exhibiting clinically elevated Anxious/Depressed scores compared to VF children. The present study underscores the significance of considering language when assessing EBP. Results have implications for the psychiatric screening of children with ASD, particularly those with language impairments. Researchers should exercise caution when applying EBP instruments designed for use with different populations and purposes to broad samples of children.Peer reviewe
Vanessa Grigoriadis explores sex, power & consent on college campuses
No full textThis week we bring you a difficult but important conversation. Vanessa Grigoriadis is an investigative journalist and author of the powerful book “Blurred Lines: Rethinking Sex, Power, and Consent on Campus.” Vanessa shares her thoughts on the changing rules and norms for sex and consent, and we discuss where universities are succeeding and failing on the issue.https://scholarworks.umt.edu/anewangle_podcasts/1048/thumbnail.jp
Autism spectrum disorder symptoms from 2 to 19: implications for diagnosing adolescents and young adults
No full textThis study explored change in social-communicative symptoms in 140 individuals with childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnoses. Trajectories of caregiver-reported social-communicative symptoms were examined for three groups (verbal, delayed speech, minimally verbal) from ages 2 to 19 years. Groups showed comparable levels of social-communicative impairment at 2 and significant decreases in overall symptom levels across the 17-year period (p<.001). Across three subdomains, main effects of time and language (p<.001) reflected patterns of overall improvement, though children with more impaired language tended to have more caregiver-reported symptoms relative to verbal peers. A significant time-by-language interaction (p<.001) reflected that trajectories of socioemotional reciprocity symptoms differed according to patterns of language development. In contrast, improvements in the nonverbal communication domain were seen across language groups, whereas deficits in the development and maintenance of relationships improved for only verbal children. Verbal adults showed significant reductions in the prevalence of several symptoms exhibited during childhood. Improvements suggest that symptoms indicative of ASD in young children may no longer be diagnostic markers in adolescents and adults. Relative stability of several items suggests that impaired facial expression may be a core ASD symptom that warrants more systematic study across the lifespan. Research investigating the manifestation of ASD in older individuals is needed to foster development of appropriate assessment tools and interventions. Differential relationships to developmental factors within the broader social-communication domain underscores a need to focus on more narrowly defined symptom constructs when exploring links between pathophysiology and observable phenotypes.Peer reviewe
MY DARK VANESSA, DE KATE ELIZABETH RUSSELL
No full textIn this review, I analyse the novel My Dark Vanessa, by North-American author Kate Elizabeth Russell, focusing on narrative strategies like the use of suspense, the resort to an unreliable narrator, the chronological alternance between past and present. To substantiate my study, I quote examples taken from the main steps of the plot and I comment upon them.Nesta recensão, analiso o romance My Dark Vanessa, da escritora norte-americana Kate Elizabeth Russell, focando estratégicas narrativas como o uso do suspense, o recurso à narradora não fiável, a alternância cronológica entre passado e presente. Para escorar o meu estudo, cito exemplos dos principais passos do enredo e comento-os
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