1,721,211 research outputs found
The Distinction between Facilitation of Irregular Immigration and Organised Smuggling of Migrants and Its Relevance for the Italian Criminal Law?
No full textIn its judgement No. 63/2022, the Italian constitutional court advances a reading of Art. 12 of Legislative decree No. 286/1998 (Tuimm) according to which a distinction should be made between mere facilitation, punished in par. 1 and seen as revolving around the “altruistic” conduct of an “individual” author, and smuggling of migrants, which the Court argues to be specifically criminalized instead in paragraphs 3, 3 bis and 3 ter, and to be evoking “scenarios of involvement of criminal organizations.” This paper raises some criticisms of this reading, showing how it, in addition to not being necessary for the Court’s purpose of showing the unconstitutionality of the two aggravating factors under censure (use of international transportation services and use of counterfeit documents), does not fit to explain the actual contents of Art. 12 Tuimm
Io ho ragione: tu sei morto! Su terrorismo e radicalizzazione
Full text linkIl contributo analizza il radicalismo come presupposto ideologico del terrorismo, proponendo un'analisi concettuale e criminologica delle diverse possibili forme di radicalizzazione e dei suoi rapporti con la violenza terroristica. Vi si analizzano altresì possibilità e limiti di de-radicalizzazione e contro-radicalizzazione quali strategie di contrasto al terrorismo alternative rispetto alla coercizione penale.The paper focuses on radicalism as the ideological background of terrorism, by putting forth a conceptual and criminological analysis of the different forms radicalization can take as well as of its relationships with terrorist violence. The paper also analyzes de-radicalization and counter-radicalization as strategies for countering terrorism alternative to penal coercion
La dimensione pubblica del discorso d'odio
No full textIl contributo mette in luce la dimensione pubblica del discorso d'odio. Questo, sul presupposto di una contrapposizione tra gruppo-noi e gruppo-target, esprime la colpevolizzazione del bersaglio in quanto appartenente al gruppo-target, e più in particolare in quanto autore di un crimine di indifferenziazione, consistente nel disconoscere la ripartizione dello spazio sociale secondo gerarchie di potere che vedono il gruppo-noi dominante e il gruppo-target reietto e soccombente
La crimmigration e l'espulsione dello straniero-massa
No full textThe article primarily aims at offering a theoretical reconstruction of the fundamen- tal characteristics of the so-called crimmigration strategy, as it appears in Italian law. The author’s main thesis is that what differentiates this strategy from the ways in which Italy has traditionally dealt with undesired foreigners is not so much the instruments that are deployed, but the way in which the foreigner him/herself is conceived: not as an individual, but as a “mass-foreigner”. The paper goes on to show how this new conception has affected the legal regulation of expulsions, as it has emerged, in Italy, during the last thirty years. Finally, the author tries to locate crimmigration within the context of the broader political conceptions that underlie it, by showing that certain key political concepts (such as those of border, security, sovereignty) take on a different meaning when used for crimmigration purposes
PUÒ IL POTERE ESSERE NEUTRALE? AGONISMO, RESISTENZA E SOGGETTIVITÀ NOTE SUL FOUCAULT DI BRIGAGLIA
Full text linkIn questo articolo sottopongo ad alcune considerazioni critiche la tesi di Brigaglia secondo la quale il Foucault degli anni ’80 avrebbe maturato ed esplicitato una concezione del potere, neutrale e pragmatica, qualitativamente molto diversa da quella, conflittualista e ultra-radicale, che attraverserebbe invece i suoi lavori degli anni ’70. In contrario, sosterrò che, pur con diverse accentazioni, il pensiero di Foucault è costantemente informato all’idea secondo cui ogni relazione di potere comporta sempre un agonismo, attuale o anche solo potenziale, che ha come contraltare una resistenza, anche questa attuale o potenziale, del bersaglio; sosterrò, altresì, che questa dinamica potere-resistenza consente di rinvenire già negli scritti anni ’70 gli spunti di una concezione della libertà come costruzione di sé, indagata a fondo da Foucault solo negli anni ’80, e che ciò ci dà una chiave di lettura interessante dell’assunto foucaultiano secondo cui «il potere costituisce il soggetto». Contrariamente a quanto argomenta Brigaglia, sosterrò, inoltre, che un concetto meramente neutrale di potere è inutile.In this paper, I scrutinize Marco Brigaglia’s thesis according to which the conception of power defended by Michel Foucault in the eighties was sharply different from the one he had been relying on in his prior work during the seventies. Against this view, I argue that the Foucaultian concept of power has always been informed by the idea of agonism, which revolves around a relationship power-resistance; I also argue that this dynamic power-resistance provides us with an interesting interpretation of Foucault’s renowned notion that power constitutes the subject
Il «gelo metallico dello Stato»: per una critica della crimmigration come nuda forza
No full textAfter outlining certain features of the phenomenon of «crimmigration»
(the intertwining of criminal law and migration law), this paper notes two
main issues. First, the fact that the condition of social exclusion in which
crimmigration places the unwanted migrant — a condition that, being pro-
dromic to the foreigner’s expulsion, should in principle be temporary —
becomes stable in the many cases in which expulsion does not occur; as a
result, large portions of the population that de facto fall within the State’s
jurisdiction suffer long-term discrimination — in conflict with various consti-
tutional principles, not least those enshrined in Articles 2 and 3 of the
Constitution. Second, crimmigration is radically devoid of authority in relation
to the foreigner, as it merely aims to exclude him or her, while authority is, by
its very nature, inclusive: this, on the one hand, makes crimmigration illegiti-
mate with regard to its main addressees (the excluded foreigners) and, on the
other hand, also makes the use of criminal law within this practice illegitimate,
because criminal law, as required by the Italian Constitution (Article 27(3)),
should seek to re-socialize the person convicted for a crime
Il cittadino e i suoi doppi. Figure dello straniero nella penalità contemporanea
No full textThe criminal law of contemporary constitutional states legitimates itself in essentially democratic-republican terms, as being primarily aimed at citizens. In this perspective, there is no special place for the foreigner as a criminal subject, but he/she is ssentially taken into account as a double of the citizen, assimilated to him/her. During approximately the last 30 years, however, criminal law has taken on new trajectories (crimmigration, enemy criminal law), which refer paradigmatically (not to the citizen, but) to the foreigner and subject him/her to worse legal treatment than that which is considered legitimate when citizens are concerned. This paper explores these alternative legitimating models, with a view to critically analyze their underlying logi
OLTRE IL MODELLO MERCANTILE? VELLEITA` E INETTITUDINE DELL’ENNESIMA RIFORMA DELLA CORRUZIONE PRIVATA
No full textThe article deals with the most significant and problematic aspects of the umpteenth reform of private corruption, introduced with the legislative decree n. 38/2017. There are three main issues at stake. First, the instruction, in the text of art. 2635 of the civil code (c.c.), of the (formally) unilateral conducts of offering and soliciting as forms of consummated private corruption. Such a choice contrasts with the model, traditionally adopted by the Italian legislator, of criminalising corrupting conducts as bilateral behaviours and risks to introduce elements of unreasonableness in the overall regulation of the phenomenon. Related to this, the second aspect considered here is the introduction of new art. 2635-bis in the civil code, which criminalises as ‘(active and passive) incitation to private corruption’ the conducts of corrupting offer and solicitation which are not followed by the acceptation of the recipient. Here, we widely discuss the relationship between this article and the previous one and we suggest that a systematic interpretation allows concluding that only within the scope of art. 2635- bis ‘offering’ and ‘soliciting’ should be intended as unilateral conducts. The third and final aspect concerns the reconstruction of the objective elements of the offences of private corruption: the new article 2635 c.c. does not require anymore any ‘harm to the company’, which appears to shift the focus of the criminalisation beyond the financial orbit and towards the loyalty model. This point is also developed in the light of a reconsideration of the relationships between private corruption and financial infidelity (art. 2634 c.c.) and culminates in the thesis that the objective element of private corruption, in its current formulation, can be individuated in the ‘good functioning of the corporation’; this allows to draw, finally, some reflections on the possible repercussions on the protection of competition
The good, the bad and the ugly: images of the foreigner in contemporary criminal law
No full textSince the end of the Second World War, the criminal law of Western states has tried to legitimate itself, in basically democratic-republican terms, as primarily addressed towards citizens. During approximately the last 20 years, however, new dimensions of criminal law have emerged, which refer paradigmatically (not to the citizen, but) to the foreigner and subject him/her to worse legal treatment than that which is considered legitimate when either citizens or ‘good’ foreigners are concerned. Next to the ideal-type of the citizen criminal law (also applicable, by assimilation, to the ‘good’ foreigner) a criminal law for ‘ugly’ mass-foreigners (crimmigration) and one for ‘bad’ foreigners (enemy criminal law) have their place. This paper is an attempt to critically reconstruct these alternative legitimating models, so as to let their deeper and underlying logic emerge from their explicit argument
Violazione degli obblighi di solidarietà familiare
No full textAnalisi del delitto di "Violazione degli obblighi di assistenza familiare", di cui all'art. 570 c.p., e del delitto di "Violazione degli obblighi di assistenza familiare in caso di separazione o di scioglimento del matrimonio", di cui all'art. 570 bis c.p
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