1,720,972 research outputs found
Psychotropic medications and sexual dysfunctions. Mechanisms, prevalence and clinical management
No full textMood Disorders and Metabolic Disruptions: prevalence, mechanisms and clinical implications
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Measured and expected resting energy expenditure in patients with bipolar disorder on maintenance treatment
No full textMetabolic syndrome in Italian patients with bipolar disorder
No full textObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Italian patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and to
determine the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of MetS in this patient population.
Method: Subjects with BD I and II were included. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, lifestyle information (alcohol and smoking
habits and rate of physical exercise) and comorbidity for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were collected. Patients were assessed for MetS
according to both National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.
Results: MetS was evaluated in 99 patients out of 108 who were enrolled. MetS was present in 25.3% of the sample. Abdominal obesity was
present in 50%, hypertension in 40%, high triglycerides in 34.7%, low HDL-C levels in 32.3% and fasting hyperglycemia in 11% of the
sample. Prevalence of MetS was 30% when IDF criteria were employed. Of the investigated variables, age, duration of illness, rate of obesity
and cardiovascular disease were higher in patients with MetS. After the regression analysis, only age and obesity were associated to MetS.
Conclusions: MetS is highly prevalent in Italian patients with BD. Our 25.3% prevalence rate is consistent with the 21–22% reported in
other European studies and lower than that in U.S. studies. Elderly and obese patients with BD are at particularly high risk for MetS.
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Bipolar Disorder and the Metabolic Syndrome: Causal Factors, Psychiatric Outcomes, and Economic Burden
No full textOverweight and obesity are highly prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder, and metabolic disorders also affect a significant portion of this population. Obesity and metabolic disorders cause significant economic burden and impair quality of life in both the general population and patients with bipolar disorder. This review examines the relationship between bipolar disorder and the metabolic syndrome, and the associated economic impact. The metabolic syndrome and bipolar disorder appear to share common risk factors, including endocrine disturbances, dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, and behaviour patterns, such as physical inactivity and overeating. In addition, many of the commonly used pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorder may intensify the medical burden in bipolar patients by causing weight gain and metabolic disturbances, including alterations in lipid and glucose metabolism, which can result in an increased risk for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. These medical co-morbidities and obesity have been associated with a worse disease course and likely contribute to the premature mortality observed in bipolar patients. Weight gain is also a major cause of treatment noncompliance, increased use of outpatient and inpatient services and, consequently, higher healthcare costs. Prevention of weight gain and metabolic disturbances or early intervention when these are present in bipolar disorder could result in significant health and economic benefits. © 2008 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved
Chronotype and body composition in bipolar disorder
No full textWe explored whether obesity in patients with bipolar disorder is associated with their chronotype. A group of 29 patients with bipolar I disorder, not currently experiencing an affective episode, were assessed for total body fat, mood symptoms, and self-reported circadian chronotype and sleep quality. Chronotype explained 19% of the variance in body fat, after age, sex, mood state, and sleep quality were accounted for. This association suggested that evening chronotype patients have a higher percentage of total body fat. Evening chronotype could be a proxy for as yet unknown specific causes of the high rate of obesity and obesity-related diseases in bipolar disorder
Relationship of General Medical Burden, Duration of Illness and Age in Patients with Bipolar I Disorder
No full textObjective: This study was aimed at evaluating general medical burden in a group of 111 patients with bipolar I disorder. Methods: Data were drawn from participants entering the Bipolar Disorder Center for Pennsylvanians (BDCP) protocol. General medical burden was assessed by completing the Cumulative Illness Rating Score (CIRS) from chart review. Results: The mean age of the sample was 42.1 (11.5), mean CIRS total score was 4.7 (2.9), and mean number of categories endorsed was 3.4 (1.7). Medical burden showed a positive relationship with increasing age and with duration of illness. CIRS scores and number of organ/system categories endorsed were significantly higher in patients with more than 21 years of illness than in patients with 0-9 years of illness (p < .0001) or with 10-20 years of illness (p < .0001). Medical burden was related to duration of illness even after controlling for age. The most frequently endorsed illness categories were cardiovascular disease, (with hypertension and hyperlipidemia being the most frequent conditions) and endocrine/metabolic (with obesity, thyroid dysfunction, and type 2 diabetes being the most common conditions). Conclusions: Patients with bipolar disorder carry a substantial burden of general medical conditions, related to age and duration of illness. These results suggest that the development and testing of specific interventions that target medical risk factors and medical burden in patients with bipolar disorder are urgently needed, especially early in the course of the illness, when patients appear to accumulate medical comorbidity at a rapid rate. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
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