1,721,146 research outputs found
Health inequalities and historically persistent socioeconomic differences in Venice.
No full textAbstract
Objective Venice is one of the most known and visited town worldwide, but little health information is available on its population.
Methods Since 2001 a census-based record linkage longitudinal study has been developed with the goal of monitoring health profiles in small areas. Standardised Mortality, Incidence, Prevalence ratios for the most relevant diseases were computed adjusting by gender, age and education.
Results The overall results detected worse health outcomes in the islands population particularly in Pellestrina, Giudecca and Castello.
Conclusion The venetian longitudinal study detected large health inequities mainly within the very small population of the historical town which appear influenced by socio economic differences which in a unique town like Venice, for centuries unmodified by urbanistic changes, appear to persist over time
LA GEOGRAFIA DELLE MALATTIE NEL COMUNE DI VENEZIA
No full textAnalisi spaziale della distribuzione delle malattie nella popolazione del Comune di Venezi
Indagine epidemiologica sullo stato di salute degli addetti alla produzione e riparazione carrozze ferroviarie: uno studio prospettico storico di mortalità.
No full textBACKGROUND:
Epidemiological studies of cancer risk due to occupational exposure to asbestos in production and repair of railway rolling stock has so far given consistent results for mesothelioma, but conflicting evidence for lung cancer.
OBJECTIVES:
The main purpose of this study was to investigate risk for mesothelioma and lung cancer in relation to estimated patterns of exposure in the occupational environment of railway rolling stock manufacture and repair.
METHODS:
A historical prospective study approach was adopted. The mortality experience of the study population was compared to that of the population of the Veneto Region. Two historical cohorts of workers employed in two plants manufacturing and repairing railway coaches were followed up for mortality. A total of 1,621 workers were enrolled in the study from the first factory, and 1,190 from the second.
RESULTS:
An elevation of both pleural mesothelioma and lung cancer was reported in the two factories with SMRs of 21.52 (CI 95%=1.64-32.29) and 6.46 (CI 95%=1.33-18.88), and 1.26 (CI 95%=1.01-1.54) and 1.18 (CI 95%=0.81-1.66) respectively. The two excesses however showed different patterns in relation to historical exposure estimates, which appear to correlate with mesotheliomas but not with lung cancer. An elevation of mortality for non-neoplastic respiratory diseases was associated with employment during periods when it was estimated that exposure was at higher levels in one of the two firms.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results confirm the high carcinogenic risk deriving from asbestos exposure, although inconsistencies were found between target organs in relation to exposure estimates, and the existence of time periods in production in which cancer risk was different
Exploitingelectronic health archives for epidemiological purposes: an experience using a standardized approach to estimate diseases in different Italian areas
No full textThe availability of Electronic Health Archives (EHA) has increased remarkably over the last twenty years.
As part of a joint projcet of the Italian Association Of Epidemiology (AIE) and the Italian Association of Medical Statistics and Clinical Epidemiology (SISMEC), a workgroup of experts was set up in 2005 with the aim of comparing various experiences and of standardizing the procedures by which electronic sources can be integrated. In particular, the workgroup dim was to estimate the frequency of certain major diseases using standard algorithms applied to EHA.
This volume is published with the purpose of making available in a common publication the methods and the results obtained. The results from a multicentre study using a standard approach to probabilistic record-linkage procedures are also included in a specific chapter.
Eleven Italian centres from five Italian regions with an over all population of 11,932,026 collected and treated more than 21,374,426 records (year 2003) from five electronic information sources: death certificates, hospital discharge records (including outpatient discharges), drug prescriptions, tax- exemptions, and pathology records in order to estimate the frequency of the following diseases: diabetes, ischemic heart diseases, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obstructive lung diseases. For each pathology a specific algorithm was developed and used by all centres for the identification of the prevalent/incident cases of the selected diseases. Standardized methods were used to estimate the rates.
The results confirm the need for a common standard approach to produce estimates based on EHA, considering the variability of the quality and of the completeness of the archives, and the difficulties of standardizing record-linkage operations in the various centres. The main achievement of this work,was the elimination of the variability due to the use of different algorithms to identify cases using EHA
Alcool, tabacco e suscettibilità genetica: uno studio caso-controllo sui tumori delle prime vie areodigestive.
No full text
Effect of different approaches to treatment of smoking as a potential confounder in a case-control study on occupational exposures
No full textAim: To evaluate the effect of different approaches to treatment of smoking as a potential confounder in an occupational study of lung cancer.
Methods: Data were used from a case - control study on 956 men with lung cancer and 1253 population controls recruited in two northern Italian areas during 1990 - 1992. The risk of lung cancer associated with 11 selected job titles and eight selected industrial activities was estimated using seven different methods to treat smoking history. To evaluate the confounding effect of smoking, odds ratios obtained using the first six models were compared with estimates from the seventh and most complex model, in which cumulative tobacco consumption and time since cessation were considered.
Results: Although crude odds ratios for some of the occupational categories were biased by up to 25%, such bias decreased to less than 10% when a simple model including smoking status ( never, ex-, current) was used.
Conclusions: In occupational studies on lung cancer risk, information on smoking status may allow satisfactory control of the potential confounding effect of the habit
- …
