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VEDIAMO PRIMA LA CASA O I MATTONI?: RELAZIONE TRA L'ELABORAZIONE GLOBALE E ANALITICA DEGLI STIMOLI VISIVI
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NEWBORNS' RECOGNITION OF CHANGING AND UNCHANGING ASPECTS OF SCHEMATIC FACES
No full textThe present study investigated newborns ability to discriminate, recognize, and learn visual information embedded in the schematic face-like patterns preferred at birth. Four experiments were carried out using the visual-paired comparison paradigm.
Results indicated that newborns discriminated face-like stimuli relying on their internal features (Experiments 1 and 4) and recognized a perceptual invariance between face-like configurations in conditions of low (Experiment 2) and high-perceptual variability (Experiment 3) of their inner elements. Altogether, data show that the presence of the preferred structure that schematically defines a face, displaying a triplet
of elements in the correct locations for eyes and mouth, does not constitute a limit that constrains newborns face learning processes
Lo sviluppo di un programma motorio: l'afferramento.
No full textThe aim of the present study was to test whether the notion of modularization process proposed by Bruner (1971) for complex motor skills can be extended to early and simple motor skills. The motor skill investigated in the study was voluntary grasping. Eighteen infants were tested longitudinally from four to ten months. Results revealed that: the differenziation of the motor programme into its components appears at the fourth month of age; the process of modularization continues as a function of age and reaches a condition of complete automatization at about ten months; the process of automatization depens on the ability of using information from action and of selecting perceptual cues from objects
Individual differences in object-examining duration: do they reflect the use of different encoding strategies?
No full textMuch evidence has shown that individual differences in the duration of visual fixation in infancy are related to processing of wholistic versus featural properties of the stimuli. In the present study, an object-examining technique was used with 8-month-old infants to test the hypothesis that infants who display differential attention durations to visuo-manually presented stimuli will vary in their processing of wholistic versus featural aspects of the stimuli. The results confirmed the hypothesis, indicating that, after being familiarized with an object comprised of both global and local properties, long examiners attended more to an object comprised of new-local rather than new-global aspects, whereas short examiners attended more to the new-global rather than the new-local object. These findings provide support to the contention of the existence of close similarities between visual fixation and object-examining measures as indexes of infant information processing, extending the convergences between the two measures to the domain of individual differences. © 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved
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