15,492 research outputs found
High-frequency on-chip inductance model
No full textThe effect of random signal lines on the on-chip inductance is quantitatively investigated, using an S-parameter-based methodology and a full wave solver, leading to an empirical model for high-frequency inductance. The results clearly indicate that the random signal lines as well as designated ground lines provide return paths for gigahertz-frequency signals. In particular, quasi TEM-wave-like propagation mode is observed above 10 GHz, revealing a unique relationship between capacitance and inductance of the signal line. Incorporating the random capacitive coupling effect, our frequency-dependent RLC model is confirmed to be valid up to 100 GHz
Suberites chujaensis Kim & Sim 2021, n. sp.
No full text5. Suberites chujaensis n. sp. (Fig. 6) êöīfiƎḁḍ(ṳḋ) Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000879328), Korea: Chujado, Chuja-myeon, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 9 Oct 2012, Kim HS, by SCUBA, depth 25 m, deposited in NIBR. Description. Thick, irregular elliptical mass sponge, size up to 13 × 6 × 2.5 cm. Surface with numerous protruding small bumps, not papillae. Oscules open on the surface, 1-2 mm in diameter. Color in life orange red. Texture firm and incompressible. Skeleton: Irregular arrangement of spicules mixed with dense collagen. Tylostyles, 500-700 μm and long tylostyles, partly curved or flexuous shape. Etymology. The species name, chujaensis, is named after the type locality of Chujado, Jeju-si, Jeju-do. Remarks. The plate-like shape of this new species is similar to Suberites hataedoensis Shim and Sim 2008, but differs in thickness of sponge body and roughness of surface. S. hataedoensis has numerous oscules at the surface and the body thickness is less than the new species.Published as part of Kim, Young A & Sim, Chung Ja, 2021, Ten new species of families Suberitidae and Polymastiidae (Demospongia: Heteroscleromorpha) from Korea, pp. 168-183 in Journal of Species Research 10 (2) on pages 172-173, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2021.10.2.168, http://zenodo.org/record/812001
Suberites rugosa Kim & Sim 2021, n. sp.
No full text6. Suberites rugosa n. sp. (Fig. 7) ēōīfiƎḁḍ(ṳḋ) Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000881727), Korea: Sasudo, Chuja-myeon, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 2 Jun 2013, by SCUBA, depth 30-35 m, deposited in NIBR. Description. Round or cushion shape sponge, size up to 9 × 6 × 4 cm. Surface, not smooth due to thin wrinkles and bundle of spicules with spongin membrane. Oscules open on the top of the surface, 2-3 mm in diameter. Color in life grayish red. Texture firm. Skeleton: Large and small tylostyles are not easily differentiated. Spicules in choanosomal skeleton arranged irregularly. Sponge has heavy collagen and spicules are not easily separated. Large tylostyles, 650-800 × 5-10 μm and small tylostyles, 150-250-400 × 5 μm. Etymology. The species name, rugosa, is named after the shape of sponge with wrinkles on the surface. Remarks. This new species is similar to Suberites waedoensis Shim and Sim 2008 in sponge shape and spicules composition, but differs in surface, texture and color. This new species has grayish red color, and texture firm with extremely rough surface.Published as part of Kim, Young A & Sim, Chung Ja, 2021, Ten new species of families Suberitidae and Polymastiidae (Demospongia: Heteroscleromorpha) from Korea, pp. 168-183 in Journal of Species Research 10 (2) on page 175, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2021.10.2.168, http://zenodo.org/record/812001
Pseudosuberites youngilensis Kim & Sim 2021, n. sp.
No full text3. Pseudosuberites youngilensis n. sp. (Figs. 3, 4) šëffiīfiƎḁḍ (ṳḋ) Suberites ficus; Tanita S., 1965: 95-97. Kim, Rho and Sim, 1968: 40, pl. 2, fig. 9, text-fig. 10. Rho, Kim and Sim, 1969: 156, pl. 2, fig. 7. Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000879327), Korea: Yeongilman, Guman-ri, Homigot-myeon, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 25 July 1967, Rho BJ, by fishing net, deposited in NIBR. Description. Irregular elliptical mass sponge, size up to 9 × 4.5 × 3 cm. Upper surface with lobate projections and underside smooth with a large hole, 1.5 × 1 cm in diameter. Pagurus pectinatus, a crustacean (hermit crab), resides in the hole. Oscules rare, 0.7-1 mm in diameter. Color in life orange red. Texture firm and compressible. Skeleton: Small tylostyles and microrhabds arranged tangentially at the surface. Large tylostyles showed at subsurface (Fig. 3C). Mostly small and large tylostrongyles appeared at the underside of the sponge near the hole (Fig. 4B). Numerous microrhabds appear at inside wall of the sponge hole. Spicules. Tylostrongyles, 70- 110-350 × 5-15 μm and tylostyles, 110-340 × 8-10 μm. Microrhabds, 20-35 μm. Etymology. The species name, youngilensis, is named after the type locality of Youngilman, Gyeongsangbuk-do. Remarks. This new species is easily distinguished from Suberites ficus Johnston (1842) in shape and spicules. Suberites ficus has a pear shape, surface even, without hole containing hermit crab, and also spicules without microscleres. This new species is not sessile, but independent because no part is attached to the substrate. There is no trace of any kind of shell in and out of the sponge. Tanita (1965) observed that specimens occupied by hermit crabs are very rare, however, most of our specimens contained hermit crabs in the underside hole. Lobate projection of the upper part of sponge is variable, some few large lobes or many small lobes.Published as part of Kim, Young A & Sim, Chung Ja, 2021, Ten new species of families Suberitidae and Polymastiidae (Demospongia: Heteroscleromorpha) from Korea, pp. 168-183 in Journal of Species Research 10 (2) on page 169, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2021.10.2.168, http://zenodo.org/record/812001
BLGAN: Bayesian Learning and Genetic Algorithm for Supporting Negotiation With Incomplete Information
No full textAutomated negotiation provides a means for resolving
differences among interacting agents. For negotiation with
complete information, this paper provides mathematical proofs
to show that an agent’s optimal strategy can be computed using
its opponent’s reserve price (RP) and deadline. The impetus of
this work is using the synergy of Bayesian learning (BL) and
genetic algorithm (GA) to determine an agent’s optimal strategy
in negotiation (N) with incomplete information. BLGAN adopts:
1) BL and a deadline-estimation process for estimating an opponent’s
RP and deadline and 2) GA for generating a proposal
at each negotiation round. Learning the RP and deadline of an
opponent enables the GA in BLGAN to reduce the size of its search
space (SP) by adaptively focusing its search on a specific region
in the space of all possible proposals. SP is dynamically defined
as a region around an agent’s proposal P at each negotiation
round. P is generated using the agent’s optimal strategy determined
using its estimations of its opponent’s RP and deadline.
Hence, the GA in BLGAN is more likely to generate proposals
that are closer to the proposal generated by the optimal strategy.
Using GA to search around a proposal generated by its current
strategy, an agent in BLGAN compensates for possible errors in
estimating its opponent’s RP and deadline. Empirical results show
that agents adopting BLGAN reached agreements successfully,
and achieved: 1) higher utilities and better combined negotiation
outcomes (CNOs) than agents that only adopt GA to generate their
proposals, 2) higher utilities than agents that adopt BL to learn
only RP, and 3) higher utilities and better CNOs than agents that
do not learn their opponents’ RPs and deadlines
PHYSICAL UNDERSTANDING OF LOW-FIELD CARRIER MOBILITY IN SILICON MOSFET INVERSION LAYER
No full textFrom both experimental and theoretical studies of the gate field dependences of the low-field mobilities of electrons and holes by changing surface orientations and oxidation conditions we found that two-dimensional electron gas formulation can successfully explain eta = 1/3 (eta is the weighting factor of mobile charge density in calculating the effective field for universal mobility curve) for (111) electrons and holes and eta = 1/2 for (100) electrons; the mobility limited by the phonon scattering has E(eff)-0.3 dependences both for electrons and holes; the mobility data on different crystal orientations for both carriers can indeed be explained by the Matthiessen's rule quantitatively, only when we consider valley repopulation; the mobility limited by the surface roughness has beta-E(eff)-2 dependences both for electrons and holes. The coefficients-beta are found to be independent of oxidation conditions and measurement temperature, but are very dependent on the crystal orientations only through the effective mass and the product of the correlation length L and the mean asperity height-DELTA. Surprisingly enough, the values of DELTA-L calculated from the mobility data for various orientations agree well with those calculated from the atomic distance by microscopic crystallography. Our observation has both theoretically and technologically important implications, because the only technology dependence of the mobility is from the ionized impurity scattering which dominates only at weak inversion
Suberites hwasunensis Kim & Sim 2021, n. sp.
No full text4. Suberites hwasunensis n. sp. (Fig. 5) ṜżīfiƎḁḍ(ṳḋ) Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000881726), Korea: Hwasun Harbor, Andunk-myeon, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, 23 April 2005, by SCUBA, depth 45 m, deposited in NIBR. Description. Thickly ramose or irregularly flabellate sponge, size up to 10 × 4 cm. Thick branches, 1.5 cm in diameter. Surface smooth and velvety with numerous thin and short spicules. Oscules not distinct. Color in life orange red, yellowish beige in spirit. Texture firm but are easily cut off. A B Skeleton: Ectosomal, brush like skeletal structure (Fig. 5C, D). Large tylostyles, 800-1000 × 20-30 μm and small tylostyles, 450 × 10 μm. Etymology. The species name, hwasunensis, is named after type locality of Hwasun Harbor, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do. Remarks. This new species is similar to Suberites vergultosa in skeletal structure but differs in sponge shape and texture. This new species has no tylostrongyles or microscleres.Published as part of Kim, Young A & Sim, Chung Ja, 2021, Ten new species of families Suberitidae and Polymastiidae (Demospongia: Heteroscleromorpha) from Korea, pp. 168-183 in Journal of Species Research 10 (2) on pages 171-172, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2021.10.2.168, http://zenodo.org/record/812001
Polymastia sasuensis Kim & Sim 2021, n. sp.
No full text8. Polymastia sasuensis n. sp. (Fig. 10) ṷ÷ųāḁḍ(ṳḋ) Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000881729), Korea: Sasudo, Chuja-myeon, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 2 Jun 2013, by SCUBA, depth 30-35 m, deposited in NIBR. Description. Cushion shape sponge, size up to 7 × 6.5 × 4 cm. Surface with numerous protruding small papillae. Oscules open at apical of each conical papillae, 0.5 mm in diameter. Color is grayish green. Texture firm. Skeleton: Ectosome 1 mm thick and densely packed with spicules and collagen. Thin long tylostyles brushed out to the surface in combination with medium and small sized spicules. In choanosome, long spicules around 900 μm, mix with medium and small sized spicules. Large tylostyles, 700-1,100 × 8-15 μm, medium tylostyles, 500-600 × 10 μm and small tylostyles, 150- 350 × 3-7 μm. Etymology. The species name, sasuensis, is named after type locality Sasudo, Chuja-myeon, Jeju-do. Remarks. This new species is similar to P. viridis in sponge shape but differs in thickness of spicules. In P. viridis, large and small tylostyles are thicker than P. sasuensis.Published as part of Kim, Young A & Sim, Chung Ja, 2021, Ten new species of families Suberitidae and Polymastiidae (Demospongia: Heteroscleromorpha) from Korea, pp. 168-183 in Journal of Species Research 10 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2021.10.2.168, http://zenodo.org/record/812001
Polymastia viridis Kim & Sim 2021, n. sp.
No full text9. Polymastia viridis n. sp. (Fig. 11) ḏșųāḁḍ(ṳḋ) Type specimen. Holotype (NIBRIV0000881730), Korea: Sasudo, Chuja-myeon, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, 2 Jun 2013, by SCUBA, depth 30-35 m, deposited in NIBR. Description. Hemispherical cushion shape sponge, size up to 6.5 × 4.5 × 3 cm. Surface with numerous tubercula papillae. Ectosome, 2-3 mm thick. Oscules, 0.5-1 mm in diameter are barely visible at the end of papillae. Color in life greenish yellow. Texture hard. Skeleton: Ectosomal skeleton consists of small tylostyles on the sponge surface with mixture of large and small tylostyles pointing outward. Choanosomal skeleton densely packed with large tylostyles. Spicules. Large tylostyles, 700-950 × 10-15 μm, medium tylostyles, 350- 560 × 10-15 μm and small tylostyles, 170-245 × 5-7 μm. Etymology. This species name, viridis, is named after the sponge green color in life. Remarks. This new species is similar to P. sasuensis, but differs in surface papillaes. This species has large tube-like papillae, but P. sasuensis has numerous small papillae. This species is similar to P. offinis Thiele in size of spicules, but differs in papillae shape. Polymastia offinis has conical shape of papillae, but papillae of this species are large tubercular shape.Published as part of Kim, Young A & Sim, Chung Ja, 2021, Ten new species of families Suberitidae and Polymastiidae (Demospongia: Heteroscleromorpha) from Korea, pp. 168-183 in Journal of Species Research 10 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2021.10.2.168, http://zenodo.org/record/812001
Pseudosuberites anheungensis Kim & Sim 2021, n. sp.
No full text2. <i>Pseudosuberites anheungensis</i> n. sp. (Fig. 2) <p> üḀffiīfiƎḁḍ <b>(</b> ṳḋ <b>)</b></p> <p> <b>Type specimen.</b> Holotype (NIBRIV0000879329), Korea: Anheung Harbor, Geunheung-myeon, Taean-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Mar 1986, Sim, C. J., by fishing net, deposited in NIBR.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Long body sponge, spirit with several parts at the top of the sponge, size 17 × 4 × 2 cm. Surface smooth, ectoderm hard due to thick tangential arrangement of spicules. Oscules very rare, 1.2 mm in diameter. Color dirty grayish yellow. Texture very hard and compressible.</p> <p>Skeleton: Thick tylostrongyles, 200-340 × 8-10 μm, thin tylostrongyles, 260-350 × 2-5 μm, and tylostyles, 150-350 × 2-10 μm. Microrhabds, 20-45 μm.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species name, anheung, is named after the type locality of Anheung Harbor, Chungcheongnam-do.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This new species is similar to <i>Suberites virgultosa</i> in growth form, but differs in texture and spicules types. The new species has mostly tylostrongyles, as opposed to tylostylesin <i>S. virgultosa</i>. Texture of new species is very hard like stone because the surface skeleton is covered with a thick tangential arrangement of spicules and choanosome is slightly compressible. <i>S. virgultosais</i> softer than this new species.</p>Published as part of <i>Kim, Young A & Sim, Chung Ja, 2021, Ten new species of families Suberitidae and Polymastiidae (Demospongia: Heteroscleromorpha) from Korea, pp. 168-183 in Journal of Species Research 10 (2)</i> on page 169, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2021.10.2.168, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8120015">http://zenodo.org/record/8120015</a>
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