1,721,061 research outputs found

    Types and Features of Cyber Investigations in a Globalized World

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    The article discusses the issue of cyber investigations in a general perspective, identifying the elements that go beyond a specific national legislation. Three types of cyber investigations emerge (i.e. pretrial, reactive and reactive), contributing to outline a criminal system whose preventive and proactive character tend to increase. In addition, thanks to a reversal of perspective with respect to the traditional approach of the legal doctrine, rather than concentrating on the characteristics of digital evidence, the author focuses instead on the characteristics of the investigations aimed at gathering digital evidence. In particular, the main characteristics of these investigations (i.e. technical nature, transnationality and cooperation of private entities) are discussed and the fact that they can lead to structural changes of investigation activities is pointed out. Finally, the article identifies a new major challenge in automated investigations and proposes their bipartition in order to ensure the respect for fundamental rights

    Electronic Investigations in Italian Criminal Proceedings.

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    This article is aimed at providing a general overview on electronic criminal investigations in Italy. At first, the concept of electronic criminal investigations is defined, then the peculiarities of such investigations are analysed. Next, the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure, which contains the procedural guidelines for these investigations, is examined and its main problematic aspects are pointed out and discussed

    L'ampliamento dei casi di partecipazione a distanza dell'imputato tra logiche efficientistiche e menomazioni difensive

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    La partecipazione a distanza ha visto negli anni un progressivo ampliamento. Il rischio è che da logiche efficientistiche derivino menomazioni difensive. Da un punto di vista metodologico l’articolo si struttura come segue: analisi del progressivo affermarsi del collegamento a distanza; verifica del mutamento da eccezione a regola dell’applicazione dell’istituto; deroghe; ampliamenti facoltativi delle ipotesi di partecipazione a distanza; osservazioni conclusive, volte a porre in luce i limiti strutturali del collegamento a distanza, senza dimenticare talune potenzialità

    Il trattamento dei dati personali per fini di prevenzione e repressione penale

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    L’articolo analizza la disciplina del trattamento dei dati personali nell’ambito della attività di prevenzione e di repressione. Si tratta di un tema che, nel 2015, risultava poco arato in ambito processuale penale. Sul piano metodologico l’articolo si snoda lungo le seguenti direttrici: analisi dei valori in gioco; nozione di trattamento dei dati personali; riflessione sulla c.d. anagrafe delle persone considerate pericolose; concetto di finalità di polizia; conformità ai principi e deroga alle regole; fonti che legittimano il trattamento

    Cross-Border Gathering of E-Evidence: Different Legal Frameworks in European Union and Council of Europe.

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    In a world of borders, the Internet has no borders. This is one of the reasons why the need for cross-border gathering of e-evidence is increasingly frequent. The article is aimed at identifying the legal instruments for cross-border collecting of e-evidence. For this purpose, the main legal sources of the European Union and the Council of Europe are analysed. Furthermore, the article is aimed at providing the reader with a roadmap for orientation in this matter. In this perspective, the following hypotheses are analysed: 1) The collection of publicly available e-evidence or for which there is consent to the collection and the relationship of these investigations with Article 32 of the Budapest Convention; 2) The collection of e-evidence with direct request to service providers based on the Second Additional Protocol to the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime of the Council of Europe, and the Regulation on European Production and Preservation Orders for electronic evidence in criminal matters; 3) The gathering of e-evidence on the basis of bilateral and/or multilateral agreements; 4) The gathering of e-evidence according to the European Investigation Order in criminal matters (EIO); and 5) The gathering of e- evidence in states where EIO does not apply
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