1,721,280 research outputs found
Editorial-Innovative Separation and Quality Control Strategies Applied to Mixed Polyolefins Waste
No full textThe idea to write this Special Issue originated as I am involved in the running European FP7 Collaborative Project “Magnetic Sorting and Ultrasound Sensor Technologies for Production of High Purity Secondary Polyolefins from Waste (W2Plastics)” - Grant Agreement No. 212782, specifically addressed to develop a number of novel concepts and an innovative operative approach finalized for recovering high-purity polyolefins from complex wastes at low cost. Plastic waste recovery represents one of the key issues of recycling, not only from an environmental perspective, but also from a scientific-technical point of view. Plastic wastes, for their chemical physical attributes, represent, in fact, one of the most challenging materials to process in order to perform a correct separation of the different constituting polymers. The difficulties, influencing the separation-sorting strategies, being linked to several factors related both to polymers intrinsic characteristics (e.g. polymeric chain and structure) and utilized additives (e.g. fillers, pigments, etc.). Polyolefins represent a very important family of polymers, constituting more than a third of the total plastics consumption in Europe (EU). Complex wastes provide the vastest, presently unused potential resource of secondary polyolefins. In spite of that, polyolefins, such as polypropylene (PP), high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) are the least recycled plastic materials. Recycling technologies in this field need to be extremely powerful, since they must be relatively simple to be cost-effective, but also accurate enough to create high-purity products. In this Special Issue are thus reported procedures and solutions adopted to reach the previous mentioned goal embedding not only the logic of understanding: why it works (‘know-why’) but also how a certain goal can be accomplished (‘know-how’). A detailed knowledge of the market for streams of end-of-life products (supply side) and the market for recycled raw materials (demand side) are also always considered and evaluated to optimize the practical implementation of the logics inside the processing-recycling-chain
SUM 2012 - Symposium on Urban Mining
No full textThe urban space should be conceived as the physical, or virtual, environment intended for collective use where rights and duties of citizenship, social information and education, political action, productive and economic activities are carried out.
Urban Mining represents actions and technologies that can be adopted to recover resources from residues produced by the urban catabolism (municipal, industrial and agricultural waste, both from new production and old deposits) in terms of secondary raw materials and energy.
It implicates progression beyond separate collection and the current logic of consumers responsibility, resulting in an increased recovery of resources, better quality of the same, improved environmental protection, involvement of producer responsibility and lower costs for society.
With no demagogy or ideological escapes from the fundamental role of treatment and final disposal techniques in closure of the material cycle
Le mineralizzazioni "rubané" e massiva del giacimento a Cu-Sn di Corvo (Neves-Corvo, Portogallo): studio metallografico e geochimico, implicazioni genetiche e applicazione di tecniche di analisi d'immagine
No full textMembro dell'Editorial Board della rivista Journal of Physical science and Application, USA by David Publishing
No full textMembro del Comitato Organizzatore di CHOPS "The 5th International Conference for Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids"
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Hyperspectral imaging based recognition procedures in particulate solid waste recycling
No full textThe application of hyperspectral imaging technique to the characterisation of solid waste particles has been investigated. Different waste materials characteristics can be detected analysing their surface spectral response when properly energised by a suitable source. The proposed approach can be applied to develop specific sorting actions addressed to recognise and separate different materials or to develop innovative control strategies finalised to evaluate the performance of a separation equipment or of a processing stage. Selected case studies related to different solid waste recycling sectors, in which the application of hyperspectral imaging can be profitably utilised, are described: glass recycling, fluff from car dismantling and bottom ash from solid waste incinerator. Copyright © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd
Innovative In-situ Sensing Techniques for Demolition Waste Quality Assessment
No full textThe recycling of end-of-life concrete into new concrete is one of the most interesting options for reducing worldwide natural resources use and emissions associated with the building materials sector. The possibility to realize a larger re-use of silica aggregates from old concrete, strongly contributes to reduce environmental impact (reduced exploitation of
natural resources, reduction of CO2 emissions, airborne dust production, etc.). To reach this goal, a new analytical approach, based on hyperspectral sensing techniques, is proposed in order to perform an automatic quality control assessment finalized to maintain an high standards of
concrete demolition waste from the earliest stage of recycling to the further processing stages, according to the detected demolition waste characteristics. The paper is finalized to analyze and evaluate the problems related to the integration of this approach with state-of-the-art demolition
and building processes and procedures
Pollution level detection in dump clay liners by hyperspectral imaging
No full textLandfill is the most common and cost-effective method of waste disposal, with collection and transportation accounting for 75% of the total cost. A key point in waste disposal is the picking up and the drainage of percolation fluids to limit the risk of groundwater contamination. Aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility to develop fast and reliable methods to perform an in situ monitoring of clay pollution level. To reach this goal an hyperspectral imaging-based approach was adopted analysing 'ad hoc' polluted clay samples, as they result after contact, for different times, with dump leakage fluids. © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd
Imaging spectroscopy based strategies for ceramic glass contaminants removal in glass recycling
No full textThe presence of ceramic glass contaminants in glass recycling plants reduces production quality and increases production costs. The problem of ceramic glass inspection is related to the fact that its detectable physical and pictorial properties are quite similar to those of glass. As a consequence, at the sorting plant scale, ceramic glass looks like normal glass and is detectable only by specialized personnel. In this paper an innovative approach for ceramic glass recognition, based on imaging spectroscopy, is proposed and investigated. In order to define suitable inspection strategies for the separation between useful (glass) and polluting (ceramic glass) materials, reference samples of glass and ceramic glass presenting different colors, thicknesses, shapes and manufacturing processes have been selected. Reflectance spectra have been obtained using two equipment covering the visible and near infrared wavelength ranges (400-1000 and 1000-1700 nm). Results showed as recognition of glass and ceramic glass is possible using selected wavelength ratios, in both visible and near infrared fields
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