1,720,982 research outputs found
Estimation of joint kinematics for a standing reach task.
No full textThe Standing Reach (SR) is a motor task where the subject is required to lean the trunk forward, starting from the upright position, and trying to reach the maximum displacement of the arms. This task satisfies two different requirements: it is clinically relevant, and also it can be easily studied from a biomechanical point of view, since it can be modelled as an inverted double-pendulum. The objective of this work is to derive kinematic and kinetic information, relative to SR, starting from ground reaction data and solving the direct dynamic problem
An estimation of joint kinematics for standing reach task using ground reaction data.
No full textThe objective of this work was to derive a procedure able to estimate joint kinematics, relative to a simple, yet functionally relevant, motor task, starting from ground reaction data. The minimum number of input data has been used: force platform data, few and simple measurements relative to the subject, and protocol-specific parameters. Standing reach (SR) is the motor task analysed. The biomechanical model is a two degrees-of-freedom inverted pendulum moving on the vertical sagittal plane. Joint kinematics has been estimated solving the related direct dynamic problem stated in function of ground reaction data. The original nonlinear differential equation system of the model showed a high sensitivity to errors affecting initial conditions and experimental input data. Consequently, an approximate solution has been looked for in order to reduce the coupling between the model differential equations. This was possible taking into account the peculiar characteristics of the motor task. An optimization procedure has been deemed necessary in order to minimize the effects of the assumed approximation. The method has been tested both with simulated and with experimental data. In this latter case the validation of the angular kinematics estimated by the proposed method has been performed by means of data obtained by a stereophotogrammetric system. Results show a satisfactory behaviour of the whole optimization procedure. Very good results have been obtained in the case of slow reaching tasks
A functional reach test simulation: Analysis of sensitivity to parametric variations.
No full textKinematics and dynamics of an inverted doublependulum on the sagittal plane have been simulated to
study the influence of anthropometric parameters, and of
parameters related to the experimental protocol, on the
estimation of kinematics in a Functional Reach test [1],
when the only measurement instrument used is the
dynamometric platform. The estimation problem is related
to the solution of an optimization problem. Against the
experimental ease of the protocol, the estimation of
kinematic variables requires particular attention to be given
to the estimation of the centre-of-mass (COM) and ankle
joint centre positions, and to the parameters of the
biomechanical model
Online Hate Speech as a Form of Cyberviolence: Communication Practices, Social Perception and Vulnerabilities in the Experience of Young People.
No full textIl legame tra famiglia e genere
No full textIl capitolo esplora il rapporto tra famiglia e genere, analizzando le trasformazioni storiche, sociologiche e culturali che hanno influenzato le dinamiche familiari e i ruoli di genere. Attraverso una lente di genere, vengono esaminati i cambiamenti nelle strutture familiari, dalla tradizionale famiglia nucleare alle forme più diversificate come famiglie monoparentali, ricostituite e LGBTQ+. Si approfondisce il concetto di genere come costruzione sociale, evidenziando il ruolo della famiglia nella socializzazione al genere e nella trasmissione di norme e valori.
Vengono presentati diversi approcci sociologici, tra cui le teorie del ruolo sociale, del conflitto di genere, post-strutturaliste e queer, e l'approccio relazionale e morfogenetico, per comprendere le dinamiche di potere e le interazioni tra individui e strutture sociali. Il capitolo analizza anche le rappresentazioni mediatiche e culturali dei ruoli di genere, sottolineando il loro impatto sulla perpetuazione degli stereotipi e sulle aspettative familiari.
Infine, si discutono le sfide future, come la persistenza delle disuguaglianze di genere, la necessità di politiche familiari inclusive e il ruolo dei media nella promozione di rappresentazioni non stereotipate. Il capitolo invita a un impegno collettivo per promuovere l'uguaglianza di genere e la diversità familiare, riconoscendo la complessità delle relazioni familiari e la necessità di un approccio inclusivo e intersezionale.
Gender socialisation and identity formation across generations
Full text linkAbstract
This paper explores the contemporary relevance of gender socialisation within the broader framework of identity formation and intergenerational education processes. Drawing on sociological and interdisciplinary perspectives, the authors examine how gender identity is shaped through dynamic interactions across various socialisation contexts—family, school, peer groups, and media—highlighting the increasing fluidity and complexity of gender roles in postmodern society. The study reflects on the evolving meanings of masculinity and femininity, addressing the interplay between structural change and individual agency. Emphasis is placed on the relational dimension of gender, viewing it not as a fixed attribute but as a socially constructed process influenced by cultural models, generational transmission, and contextual negotiations. The analysis further considers the ambivalence between homogenisation and differentiation tendencies in gender identity construction, arguing for an integrated and reflexive approach to understanding gender as a relational resource. In doing so, the paper contributes to ongoing debates on gender equality, diversity, and education in contemporary multicultural societies.
Keywords: gender, socialization, education, generations, identity
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