1,721,067 research outputs found
CARATTERIZZAZIONE DI CEPPI Escherichia coli MUCOSA ASSOCIATI IN PAZIENTI PEDIATRICI AFFETTI DA MICI
No full textRUOLO DELLA MICROFLORA COMMENSALE NELLA PATOGENESI DELLE MALATTIE INFIAMMATORIE INTESTINALI
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Dysbiotic Events in Gut Microbiota: Impact on Human Health
No full textThe human body is colonized by a large number of microbes coexisting peacefully with their host. The most colonized site is the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). More than 70% of all the microbes in the human body are in the colon. The microorganisms population is up to 100 trillion, nearly 10 times larger than the total number of our somatic and germ cells. Two bacterial phyla, accounting for more than 90% of the bacterial cells, dominate the healthy adult intestine: Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Considerable variability in the microbiota compositions between people is found when we look at the taxonomic level of species, and strains within species. It is possible to assert that the human microbiota could be compared to a fingerprint. The Microbiota acts as a barrier from pathogens, exerts important metabolic functions, and regulates inflammatory response by stimulating the immune system. Gut microbial imbalance (dysbiosis), has been linked to important human diseases such as inflammation related disorders. The present review summarizes our knowledge on the gut microbiota in a healthy context, and examines intestinal dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients; the most frequently reported disease proven to be associated with changes in the gut microbiota
A NEW APPROACH TO USE OF BACTERIOLYTIC ENZYMES AS A TOOL FOR SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - SELECTION OF SPECIES-SPECIFIC INDICATOR STRAINS WITH BACTERIOLYTIC ACTIVITY TOWARDS ENTEROCOCCUS STRAINS
No full textWe describe the bacteriolytic activity of 377 group D Enterococcus isolates expressed towards 25 Enterococcus strains belonging to different species and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698. Of the 26 indicator strains used to reveal bacteriolytic activity, 5 were lysed by all of the strains of some species and were not lysed by all of the strains of other species. The use of these indicator strains allowed us to devise a new method to differentiate group D Enterococcus strains, based on qualitative analysis (lysis or no lysis of the indicator strains) of bacteriolytic activity. The bacteriolytic patterns obtained fell into six bacteriolytic groups corresponding (98% agreement) to species or groups of enterococci as determined by a comparison with data from a phenetic similarity study
USE OF GLUCOSE STARVATION TO LIMIT GROWTH AND INDUCE PROTEIN-PRODUCTION IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI
Full text linkBacterial acid phosphatase gene fusions useful as targets for cloning-dependent insertional inactivation
No full textGUT MICROBIOTA AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM: AN INTIMATE PARTNERSHIP IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
No full textIn recent years there have been increased rates of autoimmune diseases, possibly associated to altered intestinal microflora. In this brief review article, after a description of the structure and function of the gut microbiota organ and its cross-talk with the human host, we give a report on findings indicating how the host immune system responds to bacterial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. The disturbances in the bacterial microbiota will result in the deregulation of adaptive immune cells, which may underlie autoimmune disorders. The mammalian immune system, which seems to be designed to control microorganisms, could be instead influenced by microorganisms, as suggested in recent literature. Alterations in both the structure and function of intestinal microbiota could be one of the 'common causative triggers' of autoimmune and/or autoinflammatory disorders
The Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Different Age Groups
No full textBackground: Many efforts were made in the past decades to assess the role of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), leading to the hypothesis that an altered microbial composition, other than the presence of a specific pathogen, could be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. On the other hand, existing differences in gut microbial community between distinct classes of age make sense of an increasing research in microbial shifts in IBD. Methods: Cultural, molecular, metabolomic and metagenomic approaches are trying to define the human gut microbiota in different age groups. Results and Conclusion: An increase in anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroides vulgatus, Streptococcus faecalis) was observed in adult IBD, whereas an increase in aerobic and facultative-anaerobic (Escherichia coli) was found in pediatric IBD. Overall higher bacterial cell counts were observed in IBD, jointly with a general loss of biodiversity and a preponderance of Bacteroidetes and a parallel decrease of Firmicutes phylum : a predominance of potential harmful members of Proteobacteria (E. coli) and low abundance of beneficial species (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) was also reported in pediatric and adult age groups, respectively. Microbial community of elderly subjects contains a wider range of different species than those of children and adults, both in healthy and IBD status. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base
Cooperazione virus/batteri nella patogenesi delle infezioni opportunistiche del tratto respiratorio,
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