1,721,081 research outputs found
Management and use of filter masks in the “none-medical” population during the Covid-19 period
No full textSARS-CoV-2 has become a pandemic disease declared by the World Health Organization, consequently each nation has taken a series of actions managed by the government in order to prevent the spread of this dangerous virus. The most common countermeasure is the use of a mask that should cover the mouth and nose to filter the inhaled and exhaled air. Those masks are medical devices that should be handled properly; unfortunately in our study, observation of the population during the so-called “phase 2′′ has very often shown an inappropriate use of any type of mask which reduces its effectiveness. The correct dissemination of adequate information on how to use the mask and the strict control by the government not only on staying on the street wearing masks but above all on how they should be worn, could have further reduced the spread of Covid-19
OSTEORADIONECROSIS OF THE JAW AFTER HEAD/NECK RADIOTHERAPY: CAUSES AND MANAGEMENT
No full textRadiation therapy in combination with surgery and chemotherapy is the most common oncologic treatment for head and neck tumors. This combination of different therapies rappresents a successful treatment, however there are adverse side effects, the most severe and serious is the osteroradionecrosis (ORN). The primary treatment for ORN is to prevent its occurrence thus the best preventive procedure is to insert all patients in to a pre-cancer treatment dental protocol
LA SINDROME DELLA BOCCA CHE BRUCIA
No full textBurning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by burning sensations of the oral cavity in the absence of abnormalities of the oral mucosa. BMS predominantly affects middle-aged women. This condition has a multifactorial etiology. Multiple approaches to treatment have been described. This article examines BMS, its related factors, and treatment options
Tooth implant-supported removable denture: a systemaric review
No full textPurpose: The aim of this systematic review is to verify whether tooth-implant supported removable dentures (TISRD) can really be proposed to patients as a successful alternative to traditional prosthetic therapy.
Methods: This systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines and the studies were selected by PubMed and Scopus. The keywords were “tooth-implant connection,” “removable denture,” “removable dental prosthesis,” “tooth and implant supported removable dentures,” “partial dentures,” and “overdenture.” The outcomes sought in the potentially eligible studies were the survival rate of TISRD, the patient satisfaction, presence of biological and technical complications; furthermore the bias risk assessment was performed.
Results: Out of the 3108 citations found, 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. In the included studies the enrolled participants were 615, the implant abutments were 1118 and the residual teeth were 601. The behaviour of abutments was examined for a time range between 6 and 180 months. The survival rate of TISRD ranged between 91.82 and 100%; as for complications, none of the authors reported intrusion and the most frequent biologi.
Clinical significance: The tooth-implant connection seems to be an alternative and beneficial treatment for the rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients, however the evidence remains slight and unclear due to the shortage of controlled and randomized clinical trials. Therefore, further studies with a higher level of evidence and more representative samples are need
Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy on pain intensity after lower third molar extraction
No full textPurpose This double-blind crossover study compared analgesic efficacy of pre-and postoperative administration of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), using a postsurgical dental pain model. Materials and Methods Patients requiring surgical extraction of lower third molar in 2 separate stages under local anesthesia were recruited. During first stage all subjects received LLLT 15 minutes before the extraction and had Placebo Laser (laser probe application with the laser switched off) treatment immediately after completion of the suture. The second stage was carried out after 2 months of washout, patients were crossed over to receive the opposite treatment on the contralateral third molar; thus each patient received both treatments. Visual analog scale (VAS) of oral pain and supplemental analgesic usage, were assessed at 4,12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after surgery. Results Fifty-six patients were recruited, but only 41 (23 males and 18 females) completed the study. Mean age was 22,51 with a standard deviation (SD) of 3,06 years. The use of supplemental doses of local anesthetics was significantly less in the second stage (P = 0,021). The VAS was significantly lower in the first stage at 4 h and 12 h postoperative hours, then VAS was similar until 168 hours. Similar the use of supplemental analgesic drugs was significantly less in the first stage (p < 0.05). Conclusions Postoperative oral LLLT appears to offer better analgesic efficacy than preoperative administration after third molar surgery under local anesthesia. In addition, LLLT before lower third molar surgery offers better analgesic efficacy during tooth extraction
Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Management of Burning Mouth Syndrome: Morphological Variations in the Capillary Bed
Full text linkBurning mouth syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic condition that manifests itself primarily with the onset of a burning sensation. The aim of this research was to perform photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) using a diode laser on the oral mucosa of BMS patients, followed by an objective evaluation of the morphological changes in the vascular bed underlying the mucosa using polarized light videocapillaroscopy. A group of 40 patients were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (using simple randomization) as follows: 20 patients were assigned to the laser group and 20 patients were assigned to the placebo group. Each patient of the laser group received eight irradiations (with 4 Watt of power, wavelength 800 nm, energy 1200 Joules, irradiation time of 300 s, energy density 50 J/cm2, 60 mW continuous wave laser, and irradiance 180 mW/cm2), twice a week, blinded to the type of irradiation administered, for four consecutive weeks. The patients in the placebo group underwent the same sessions as the other patients, the only difference was the non-emission of the laser. An initial check of the vascular bed was performed with a polarized light videocapillaroscope. This was followed by treatment with a therapeutic diode laser and a subsequent check with a videocapillaroscope. We observed that in the group of patients who underwent laser therapy, there was a lasting improvement in symptoms. The capillary oral bed of patients in the placebo group did not show any statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). In the laser group we observed the following: in the buccal mucosa the diameter of the capillary had a reduction of 3 μm; in the upper lip mucosa, there was a reduction of 3 μm; in the lower lip mucosa, there was a reduction of 3 μm; and in the dorsal lingual surface, there was a reduction of 2 μm. An increase in capillary length was also obtained in all irradiated regions in the laser group patients (p < 0.05). PBM induces microcirculatory changes that are still present over a long period of time, such as an improvement in the clinical picture. The improvement in the symptoms has been correlated to the reduction of the capillary diameter. The placebo effect only led to a temporary improvement in symptoms that were unrelated to changes in the microcirculatory pattern
PERMANENCE OF MODIFICATIONS IN ORAL MICROCIRCULATION IN EX-SMOKERS
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of smoking and to investigate the permanence of this damage to the oral microcirculation. Material/Methods: We recruited 75 patients and divided them into 3 groups: group 1 was composed of 25 healthy non-smokers, group 2 was composed of 25 healthy current smokers, and group 3 was composed of 25 healthy ex-smokers. Video-capillaroscopic examination was performed on all patients. The video-capillaroscopic investigation was performed on patients in sitting position, always with the same light source, at the same room temperature (23°C), in the morning, with the same operator (GAS), and was repeated many times for every area under investigation. An enlargement of 200× allowed us to explore point-bypoint all the morpho-structural characteristics of the capillaroscopic field. For non-parametric data, we evaluated the visibility of the loops and their position in relation to the surface of the mucosa. The evaluated parametric data were length of capillary loop, diameter of the loop, capillary tortuosity, and capillary density. Results: Our study clearly shows there was no remission of vascular damage, even 13 years after smoking cessation. Conclusions: Our research shows that that the effects of smoking are still visible in ex-smokers, even at 13 years after cessation and also that ex-smokers are still subject to the risk of oral pathologies in the interval of time that we considered
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