1,720,961 research outputs found
Computed tomography in gunshot trauma. I. Ballistics elements and the mechanisms of the lesions.
No full textThe knowledge of wound ballistics and of wounding mechanisms is mandatory for the radiologist to interpret the CT findings of gunshot wounds. The severity of a bullet wound depends on the characteristics of the tissue it goes through, i.e., tissue elasticity, density, thickness of the wounded body part, the type of tissue, its specific gravity, internal cohesiveness and anatomical relationships, as well as on missile characteristics, i.e., mass, shape, fragmentation and deformation. Bullet velocity is certainly a major factor in wounding, but it is only one factor. Two major wounding mechanisms exist the crushing of the bullet-struck tissue (forming the permanent cavity) and radial stretching (forming a temporary cavity). Bullet "yaw" is defined as the angle between the long axis of the bullet and its flight path. The yaw is directly proportional to tissue crushing and stretching: the wider the yaw, the most severe tissue crushing and stretching and, therefore, the more severe tissue damage. The basic knowledge of these concepts is of the utmost importance to understand the CT findings of gunshot wounds and can help physicians study and treat gunshot wounds
Segmental pulmonary arteries: two-dimensional and three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography
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Computerized tomography and Doppler color ultrasonography in a case of carotid hemorrhage caused by gunshot wound.
No full textSegmental pulmonary arteries: two-dimensional and three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography.
No full textThe authors compared two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography in ten healthy volunteers to establish which of two techniques is more effective in representing the pulmonary segmental arteries. No respiratory trigger or electrocardiogram gating was used. Presaturation pulses were used to eliminate venous flow. Images acquired in the sagittal planes were processed using maximum intensity projection. A total of 200 segmental arteries were evaluated with each technique by three observers (M.S., C.S., A.R.) in terms of vessel visibility. There was no significant difference among the observers' interpretations (p > 0.05). On average, 2D fast, low-angle shot breath-hold TOF sequences showed 136.1 of 200 (68%) segmental arteries, 74.1 of 100 in the right lung and 62 of 100 in the left lung. Three-dimensional fast imaging with steady state precession showed 171.6 of 200 (85.8%) segmental arteries, 94 of 100 in the left lung and 77.6 of 100 in the left lung. Three-dimensional imaging appeared to be better than 2D MRA for demonstration of segmental pulmonary arteries
[Computerized tomography in craniocerebral, maxillofacial, cervical, and spinal gunshot wounds. Part II--Clinical contribution and medico- legal aspects]
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Computerized tomography in craniocerebral, maxillofacial, cervical, and spinal gunshot wounds. Part II--Clinical contribution and medico- legal aspects.
No full textTo assess the diagnostic and medicolegal contribution of Computed Tomography (CT) in patients with craniocerebral, maxillofacial, neck and spine gunshot wounds, we submitted to CT 106 patients with gunshot wounds examined over a 7-year period (February, 1988 to December, 1994). Twenty-four of them had craniocerebral injuries (23%), 9 maxillofacial (8%), 8 neck (8%) and 10 vertebral (9%) injuries. Emergency CT demonstrated the mechanism of the injury, the bullet path and site, the site of bone and/or metallic fragments, and damage extent. In all perforating cranioencephalic injuries (n = 7) intracerebral or extrathecal bone fragments were demonstrated adjacent to the bullet entrance and exit holes, respectively. In injury monitoring, CT showed injury evolution, retained fragments and complications, thus enabling damage extent assessment. High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) was useful in locating minute orbitary retrobulbar and intraspinal fragments. Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging in postoperative patients proved a valuable tool to assess the extent of spinal cord damage. To conclude, CT is a useful technique to examine the patients with gunshot wounds, which helps plan adequate treatment and solve complex medicolegal problems
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