1,720,982 research outputs found
The effect of diabetic retinopathy on standing posture during optic flow stimulation
Full text linkBackground: Diabetic retinopathy is a principal cause of visual damage and blindness, in which laser treatment offers proven therapy. The progressive degeneration of the retina, secondary to diabetes, is believed to cause postural instability although this is not well documented. The aim of this research was to assess how optic flow stimuli contribute to the control of stance in people with impaired retinal functions.
Research question: Does the different retinal functionality correspond to different specific patterns of movements and muscles recruitment?
Methods: Postural mechanisms and motor strategies were measured by testing subjects in quiet stance on a force platform with surface electromyography under different optic flow stimulations. Root mean square values of the center of pressure time-varying signals and normalized EMG values were used to evaluate the postural sway.
Results: People with diabetic retinopathy, and to a greater extent laser group, were more unstable than healthy subjects. The greater amplitude of the body sway observed in the retinopathy group, and especially in the laser group, could be an expression of the difficulty for this population in processing this kind of visual information.
Significance: The increase in muscle activity indicates that there are musculoskeletal and postural changes in the lower limb musculature with increasing severity of diabetic retinopathy. An impaired retinal function might negatively affect postural control in a way that is dependent on the severity of retinal damage
Micronutrient Deficiencies and Nutritional Pattens as Possible Risk Factors in the Onset of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Full text linkDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication in diabetes. Many studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between diet and the onset and progression of diabetes, but only few focused on possible link between nutritional patterns, micronutrient deficiency and DR. In this observational study, by using 10-day food diary recordings, we analyzed the eating habits of 34 patients affected by DR, 35 controls with a long history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but no retinopathy and 35 matched healthy subjects. Macro- and micronutrient intakes were calculated based on the Italian food composition database of the Center of Research for Food and Nutrition (CREA) by using a validated nutritional software. Moreover, the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was evaluated by using a widely adopted questionnaire. Respect to the type 2 diabetic group the average daily intake of vitamin A (total retinol activity equivalents) was strongly reduced in DR group (524 vs 1072 mg/d, P<0.01); those of vitamin C was also reduced in DR group (48.0 vs 85.2 mg/d, P<0.01) as well as vitamin D (3.73 vs 5.40 mg/d, P<0.01). Copper average daily intake was lower in DR group (0,50 vs 0,82 mg/d, P<0.01) and similarly potassium intake was lower in this group respect to the type 2 non retinopathic diabetic one (1271 vs 2180 mg/d, P<0.01). DR patients also showed a significatively lower adherence to the MD respect to the T2DM patients and to the healthy subjects. This study confirmed a possible role of unhealthy nutritional patterns and micronutrient deficiency in the development and progression of the diabetic retinopathy
Efficacy and safety of intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide microimplant (ILUVIEN®) in patients with chronic diabetic macular edema: 1 year follow-up
No full textPurpose: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal 0.19 mg fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) micro implant in patients with chronic diabetic macular edema (cDME).
Methods: Prospective study recruiting subjects with cDME. Inclusion criteria: cDME for at least 2 years documented with OCT imaging; pseudophakia; previous treatments with laser photocoagulation and intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF and/or dexamethasone. Exclusion criteria: phakia; ocular hypertension; tractional component visible on OCT; glaucoma; previous vitrectomy. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BVCA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and central macular thickness (CMT), measured 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-injection. Data were compared with the Friedman test and significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: A total of 18 eyes with a median duration of cDME of 45 months (25-118 months). The 77% of subjects either maintained or improved their BVCA. About 17% and 33% of subjects showed an improvement of 15 ETDRS letters or more at 3 and 12 months respectively. The 17% and 28% of subjects showed a CMT <250 microns at 3 and 12 months, respectively. The median change in CMT thickness was of -370 and -373.5 microns at 3 and 12 months post-injection respectively (p-value is 0.025). Changes in median IOP at 3 and 12 months post-injection were not statistically significant (p-value is 0.210). Ocular hypertension (OHT) was detected in two eyes (11%).
Conclusion: The FAc micro implant has proved efficacy in improving and/or maintaining BVCA in 77% of patients with cDME up to 12 months post-injection. Ocular hypertension is the most common side effect but responds well to topical therapy
Risk factors in central retinal vein occlusion: a multi-center case-control study conducted on the Italian population: demographic, environmental, systemic, and ocular factors that increase the risk for major thrombotic events in the retinal venous system
No full textPurpose: To explore the risk factors for central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) by comparing a large sample of patients with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Multi-center case-control study. The study group includes patients affected by central retinal vein occlusion, confirmed angiographically, aged 50 years old or above (Group A). The control group includes healthy subjects without an history of retinal vein occlusion (Group B). Outcome measures: age, gender, active smoking, presence of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (uHTN), presence of the following comorbidities: diabetes mellitus type II (DMII), chronic liver disease (CLD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), thyroid disease (TD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), hyperhomocystenemia (HHcy), dyslipidemia (DLip), carotid artery disease (CAD), glaucoma, atrial fibrillation (AF), migraine headache (MH), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), history of myocardial infarction (MI). Odds-ratios were calculated with logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 203 patients (Group A) and 339 controls (Group B). Statistically-significant differences were found for the following variables: age (OR: 1.109 [1.081–1.138], p <.001), active smoking (OR: 2.048 [1.210- 3.466], p <.008), DMII (OR: 4.533 [2.097–9.803], p <.001), HHcy (OR: 4.507 [2.477–10.001], p <.001), DLip (OR: 2.255 [1.352–3.762], p =.002), CAD (OR: 6.632 [2.944- 14.942], p <.001), glaucoma (OR: 4.656 [2.031–10.673], <.001), OSAS (OR: 1.744 [1.023–2.975], <.041), uHTN (OR: 3.656 [2.247–5.949], <.001). No statistically-significant differences were found for the other variables. Conclusions: Older age, active smoking, as well as presence of DMII, HHcy, DLip, CAD, glaucoma, OSAS, and uHTN, all increase the risk for CRVO. A comprehensive assessment of patients with CRVO is paramount. Adequate control of all the aforementioned risk factors is likely of great significance in reducing the incidence of CRVO among the general population, and it likely plays an important role in improving the prognosis following the occlusive event
New trends in visual rehabilitation with MP-1 microperimeter biofeedback: optic neural dysfunction
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of visual rehabilitation with MP-1 microperimeter biofeedback in advanced optic neural dysfunction due to glaucoma, and to precisely characterize fixation stability and location in affected patients. Ten patients (18 eyes) with advanced glaucoma were submitted to a rehabilitation protocol that
consisted of: a 25-item questionnaire (National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Que stionnaire); measurement of visual acuity; a reading speed test; microperimetry with fixation study, retinal sensitivity and the bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA). The rehabilitation program consisted of 10 training sessions of 10 minutes per eye
performed over a period of one week and was
repeated at four months, eight months, and one year.
Statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s t-test and Spearman correlation; p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. In 13 eyes fixation changed from unstable to relatively unstable while its location changed from predominantly eccentric to
predominantly central. In five eyes, fixation changed from
relatively unstable to stable with a change of location from poor central fixation to predominantly central fixation. Mean retinal sensitivity changed from 7.43±8.28 dB to 8.33±9.04 dB (p0.05);
reading speed improved from a mean value of 31.4±4.3
words/minute to 55.6±3.2 words/minute at the end of the training (p<0.05). The BCEA changed from 0.94±0.39 deg2 to 0.86±0.46 deg2 (p=0.76). Rehabilitation with MP-1 biofeedback in patients with advanced glaucoma is a useful means of improving these patients’ fixation stability, reading speed and quality of life
Effect of the combination of basic fibroblast growth factor and cysteine on corneal epithelial healing after photorefractive keratectomy in patients affected by myopia
No full textBackground: This study sought to evaluate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor eye drops and cysteine oral supplements on corneal healing in patients treated with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty patients treated bilaterally with PRK for myopia were enrolled at one of two eye centers (Clinica Santa Lucia, Bologna, Italy and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy) and were treated at the former center. Sixty patients included in the study group (Group 1) were treated postoperatively with topical basic fibroblast growth factor plus oral L-cysteine supplements, whereas 60 subjects included in the control group (Group 2) received basic fibroblast growth factor eye drops. We recorded the rate of corneal re-epithelialization and patients were followed-up every 30 days for 6 months. Statistical analyses were performed on the collected data. Results: The eyes in Group 1 demonstrated complete re-epithelialization at Day 5, whereas the eyes in Group 2 achieved this status on Day 6. No side-effects were reported. Conclusions : Patients treated with basic fibroblast growth factor eye drops and L-cysteine oral supplements benefit from more rapid corneal re-epithelialization. In human eyes, this combination treatment appeared to be safe and effective in accelerating corneal surfacing after surgery. Financial Disclosure: No author has any financial or proprietary interest in any material or method used in this study. Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN73824458. © 2005 - Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Lezioni Elettivo orario 8.30 - 12.30 PAD 23 I° Piano Centro di Studio Universitario Ipovisione-Glaucoma TEL 051 6364595 Date 3 Marzo, 19 Marzo, 20 Marzo, 27 Marzo 2009
No full textPer Registrarsi PAD 23 I° Piano Centro di Studio Universitario Ipovisione-Glaucoma TEL. 051 636459
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