3,172 research outputs found
Acid taste thresholds assessed by conditioned taste aversion and two-bottle preference in rats
No full textThe conditioned taste aversion (CTA) threshold for either citric acid (CA) or HCl solutions and the two-bottle taste preference (TBP) threshold were determined in rats that are familiarized to the odor of conditioning solutions or that are naive. The CTA method appeared to be more sensitive than the TBP test, particularly when rats were not familiarized to the odor of the conditioning solution. The CTA threshold for HCl-conditioned rats and familiarized to the odor of conditioning solution lies between 1.00 and 2.00 mmol; in unconditioned rats, it lies between 4.00 and 5.00 mmol. In CA-conditioned and odor-familiarized rats, the threshold lies between 0.09 and 0.20 mmol; in unconditioned rats, it lies between 7.00 and 10.00 mmol. In rats not familiarized to the odor of the conditioning solution, the threshold for HCl-conditioned rats lies between 0.90 and 1.00 mmol; in unconditioned rats, it lies between 2.00 and 3.00 mmol. In CA-conditioned rats, the CTA threshold lies between 0.03 and 0.05 mmol; in unconditioned rats, it lies between 4.00 and 7.00 mmol. The two-bottle test is less sensitive than the CTA method. The TBP threshold lies between HCl 4.00 and 5.00 mmol, and between CA 4.00 and 7.00 mmol. The odor of a solution may potentiate the ability of rats to detect the concentration of CA and HCl solutions
Correlation between BMI, amount of aspirated fat and post-operative complications in VASER liposuction: A single centre experience
No full textABSTRACT: Background: Vibration amplification of sound energy at resonance (VASER) liposuction is an innovative technique that allows surgeons to selectively remove fat and shape desired areas of the body, resulting in more precise and controlled outcomes compared to traditional liposuction techniques. VASER liposuction offers several advantages, including targeted action that reduces trauma to the surrounding tissues, limiting pain, swelling and recovery time. Purpose: This study compared the complication rates among patients who underwent VASER liposuction in relation to their body mass index (BMI) and the amount of fat aspirated. Methods: The authors reviewed the medical records of all patients who underwent VASER liposuction at Scalera Clinic in Naples, dividing them into two groups: the first with BMI 25.0 kg/m2. Results: The authors examined 117 patients who were operated on within a year (2022/2023), with 48 of them having BMIs 25.0 kg/m2. In patients with a BMI >25 kg/m2, the most common complications were contusion, hematomas and abnormal skin retraction, whereas no complications were observed in the patients with normal-weight. Conclusions: To minimise post-operative complications and maximise results, it is advisable to select patients based on their BMI assessment, the anatomy of the treated body area and the volume of fat to be removed. This approach aims to ensure that the patients are suitable for the procedure and the achieved results align with their aesthetic expectations
The Educational Cloud, Problems and Perspectives
No full textCloud technology is rapidly spreading in educational
institutions, sometimes replacing the in-house infrastructure
with cloud services. This development seems driven primarily
by the promised economic benefits and wider, efficient and
accessible resources for students and teachers. The educational
impact of this change, however, remains unclear. While
traditional learning technically can be integrated or perhaps
replaced by learning in the cloud, we also need to identify and
formalize new strategies for the delivery and effective use of
these resources and for measuring the educational benefit. In
this paper technologies and pedagogical aspects of introduction
of the cloud model in teaching and learning, are proposed the
results of an investigation into the scientific literature of the last
three years that outlines the areas in which research is most
active. The papers taken into consideration show a strong
interest in the implementation of educational activities on the
cloud model, also by developing countries. We found many
research proposals but little real research and, therefore, little
evidence. This implies that we are far from ready solution to be
applied in the teaching processes. What is certain is that a new
space has been opened to carry out interesting research, both
basic and industria
Didiscus spinoxeatus, a new species of Porifera (Demospongiae) from the Mediterranean Sea
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Gustatory functions, sodium appetite, and conditioned taste aversion survive excitotoxic lesions of the thalamic taste area
No full textRats with bilateral, electrophysiologically guided, ibotenic acid lesions of the gustatory thalamus (THLX) were tested for their ability to perform a variety of taste-guided behaviors. First, in daily 30-min sessions, the rats were given repeated 10-s access periods to a range of concentrations of sucrose, NaCl, or QHCl, plus water. Both the control and the THLX rats exhibited similar concentration-response functions, regardless of hydrational state. Next, on 3 trials, the rats were given 15 min access to 0.3 M l-alanine and then injected with LiCl (0.15 M, 1.33 ml/100 g body weight ip). All rats learned a taste aversion following 1 pairing with LiCl. Finally, on 3 separate occasions, the rats were injected with furosemide, and Na+-appetite was evaluated 24 hr later. All rats expressed an equivalent sodium appetite after the first furosemide injection, but only the control rats increased intake of 0.51 M NaCl with repeated sodium depletions. These observations reinforce prior data implying that an intact gustatory thalamus is not necessary for the expression of some taste-guided behaviors
Two new species of Dendroxea Griessinger (Porifera: Demospongiae)from the Mediterranean Sea
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