1,721,034 research outputs found

    The Main World Exporters and their Development Strategies in the American and Soviet Markets. Comparison and Evolutionary Trends.

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    Abstract: The global wine market has undergone significant changes in the last three decades, because of increased international trade that has, in fact, changed production in terms of quantity, quality expectations from consumers and market structure. In fact, the gap has widened between traditional producers in the EU (Italy and France in the lead) adopting a managerial policy based on the principle “selling out to produce” and new export-oriented competitors such as the USA, Australia, Argentina, Chile, New Zealand and South Africa, representing “The New World of wine”, whose strategy draws on the “producing to sell” principle. The present paper aims, first, at highlighting an overview of such factors as the evolution of production, both quantitatively and qualitatively as well as the organization and trade worldwide involving the leading producers (with particular reference to the Italian market) and, subsequently, at assessing the impact of the current world economic crisis on the sector, influencing, as a fact, the entrepreneurs’ production and marketing strategies in the present competitive scene. Afterwards, attention will be focused mainly on the evolution of consumers’ attitudes as to alcoholic drinks consumption in two particularly dynamic markets as those involving two world superpowers, namely the USA and Russia. Lastly, starting from the results of the above analysis and after selecting the different typologies of consumers characterising the two markets, the most suitable competitive strategies to be adopted will be examined, concerning organization as well as production and distribution, that have been carried out by the world major exporters (Italy in the lead) to make their way in these markets representing, especially in view of the growing trend expected for the near future, a remarkable source of profit for those companies that will be able to survive the current international crisis

    The Balkan Area Development: Threats and Opportunities for Italian Companies’ Investment Strategies.

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    The globalisation of markets has called for, among others, two complementary requirements: on the one hand, the need to develop policies that are able to attract FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) by a number of transition economies, in order to boost the economic growth of the countries concerned and reduce the technological and socio-economic gap that separates them from the industrialised economies; on the other, the priority choice for companies to promote internationalisation, that is now considered as a necessary step to safeguard their competitiveness. In particular, the analysis carried out starts with the evolution of the Balkan market, by collecting and describing the macroeconomic data concerning the four Western Balkans countries (Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia), representing those economies that are likely to join the EU in the coming years following the process started (official candidacy or accession negotiations). Thus, the first part of the present paper aims at describing and analysing the operational and strategic behaviour of Italian companies, as well as their process of internationalisation in the abovementioned economies. The analysis was carried out through submitting a questionnaire to managers and employees of companies operating in the Balkans; the results highlighted the main areas of the companies’ international management decision-making process (internationalisation decision, operating methods adopted and the results achieved). Afterwards, the second part of the research sets the focus on the attractiveness degree reached in the area, following the reforms made by local governments that helped in improving the business climate, leading many Italian investors to operate in that area

    La Commercializzazione dei Rifiuti nelle Borse Telematiche

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    L’allarme lanciato a livello mondiale già a partire dagli anni ’70 da parte delle associazioni ambientaliste circa il superamento dei livelli d’inquinamento socialmente accettabili non può sicuramente essere sottovalutata, specie in una fase nella quale l’equilibrio degli ecosistemi è stato profondamente modificato dalla mano dell’uomo, producendo pericolosi cambiamenti climatici (effetto serra), estinzione di specie animali e depauperamento di risorse naturali. Ci si è resi conto di come il mantenimento nel lungo termine dello sviluppo sociale ed economico non potesse prescindere da un continuo processo di ricostituzione e sostituzione delle risorse, che garantisse la sopravvivenza non solo delle generazioni attuali ma anche di quelle future. Tale concetto,vale a dire quello di sviluppo sostenibile, inteso come “la riconciliazione dell’umanità con la natura” è così divenuto in breve tempo, un valore caratterizzante l’attuale cultura sociale, a tal punto da rappresentare un “idea regolativa” che, al pari di altre (equità, libertà), è in grado di influenzare le politiche di governo, di produzione, di consumo e di vita dei vari stakeholders. Le pressioni delle associazioni ambientaliste hanno così indotto i governi mondiali a realizzare politiche di governo volte a tutelare l’ambiente, tra le quali una delle più significative è quella contenuta nel rapporto Brundtland realizzato nel 1987.1 Infatti gli indirizzi di politica ambientale derivanti dallo stesso hanno imposto ai diversi attori sociali dei limiti all’emissione di agenti inquinanti, col precipuo intento di non superare la massima capacità di assorbimento da parte dell’ambiente per non squilibrare gli ecosistemi. Tali direttive hanno colpito i trasgressori per il danno sociale arrecato alla collettività, mediante sanzioni che partono dalla semplice tassazione fino ad arrivare alla chiusura dell’attività
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