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    Hematological phenotype of the double heterozygous state for alpha and beta thalassemia

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    In this study, we have correlated the hematological phenotype of 56 Sardinian βdeg; -thalassemia heterozygotes with their αglobin genotype as defined by restriction endonuclease mapping. We found that the coinheritance of the deletion of one αglobin and, more obviously, two αglobin genes tend to normalize the thalassemia-like hematological phenotype commonly associated with the βdeg;thalassemia carrier state. On the other hand, the association of the deletion of three αglobin genes caused a more severe phenotype. By globin chain synthesis analysis, those βdeg;thalassemia heterozygotes with the (-αalpha;alpha; αglobin genotype had less deficiency of βchain synthesis than did those with the normal αglobin genotype (αalpha;alpha;alpha; In heterozygotes with the (-αalpha; and in those with the (-/-α αglobin genotype the imbalance was actually reversed with a mild or marked αchain synthesis excess respectively

    Prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassemia with the synthetic-oligomer technique

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    103 couples attending the antenatal clinic in Sardinia were screened for the beta o-39 (nonsense) mutation, which codes for beta-thalassaemia, with the oligonucleotide method. In 94 couples both members had the beta o-39 mutant and thus were eligible for antenatal testing with this method. These pregnancies were monitored with amniocentesis (61) or trophoblast biopsy (33). Prenatal diagnosis in those monitored with amniocentesis was carried out with DNA analysis of uncultivated amniocytes (19) or cultivated cells (38). In 4 pregnancies results were unsatisfactory, and prenatal diagnosis was repeated with fetal-blood analysis. Trophoblast biopsy was unsuccessful in 1 pregnancy and gave a misdiagnosis in another because of maternal contamination. In the latter case the genotype of the fetus was established with amniocyte DNA analysis and globin-chain-synthesis studies
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