1,721,041 research outputs found
Energy and environmental analysis of glass container production and recycling
No full textThis work aims at examining, from an energy and environmental standpoint, one production cycle which is extremely energy-consuming, namely the glass production for drink containers. More specifically, the industrial process is first analysed as is, so as to evaluate and assess its energy needs and its associated environmental impact. As a second step the influence of glass container recycle and reuse on energy consumption and pollutant emission is investigated. To this end the recycling chain operation is illustrated and appropriate working hypotheses for the modified process are formulated, so that its energy and environmental performance can be evaluated. Finally, the two production scenarios are compared by means of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) methodology, to the purpose of determining the best recycling percentage for glass containers from the standpoint of energy consumption and pollutant emission minimization, taking also into account the waste legislation currently in forc
Strategic orientation of hotels: Evidence from a contingent approach
Full text linkStrategic orientation (SO) – a necessary condition to achieve and maintain a competitive advantage – should particularly be considered in the tourism industry, given the high competition and rapidly changing environment. This article investigates whether the different dimensions of SO (entrepreneurial orientation (EO), learning orientation (LO) and market orientation (MO)) have a direct effect on hotel performance and whether the relationship between SO and hotel performance is contingent on various hotel-specific characteristics. The hypotheses are tested against a sample of 120 small hotels operating in a mature Italian tourist destination. The results show that EO and MO are positive drivers of hotel performance, and LO is not important. Additionally, the intensity of the relationship between SO and performance is contingent on internal firm-related moderators (size and quality). Both the number of rooms and the star classification reinforce the performance achievement of innovative and customer-oriented hotels
Does add-on presence always lead to lower baseline prices? Theory and evidence
Full text linkIn many industries, firms give consumers the opportunity to add (at a price) optional goods and services to a baseline product. The aim of our paper is to clarify the effect that offering add-ons has on baseline prices. In order to do that, we develop a theoretical model of add-on pricing in competitive environments with two distinctive features. First, we discuss the choice of offering the add-on, if this entails a fixed cost. Second, we allow firms to have a varying degree of market power over the add-on. In symmetric equilibria, the presence of add-on always reduces baseline prices. In asymmetric equilibria in which only one firm offers the add-on, its presence increases the baseline price if the firm’s market power over the add-on is limited. The latter prediction of the model is confirmed by a hedonic price regression using a dataset of cruises offered worldwide, a situation in which it is possible to control for the level of add-on market power
Le Attività Finanziarie
No full textIl capitolo tratta le principali forme di acquisto di titoli e stru-menti finanziari da parte delle imprese, ossia forme di impiego delle risorse finanziarie in operazioni di investimento riconducibili alla gestione acces-soria. Le motivazioni più frequenti, che accompagnano tale impiego, sono: i) Acquisizione di partecipazioni in altre società a fini strategici; ii) Investimenti di breve o medio-lungo termine in ottica speculativa; iii) Impiego temporaneo di eccedenze di liquidità al fine di ottimizzare la gestione della tesoreria e la redditività accessoria aziendale
Do overconfident and over-optimistic entrepreneurs invest too much in their companies? Theory and evidence from Italian SMEs
No full textResearch Summary: Entrepreneurs often invest a large share of their personal wealth in their firms, exposing themselves to idiosyncratic risk. We propose a theoretical model showing how overconfidence and overoptimism may help to explain this evidence. We focus on overprecision, but we also consider overestimation and overplacement. Numerical examples show a more substantial role for overconfidence than overoptimism in determining entrepreneurs' portfolio allocations. We test the effect of the two latent variables—overconfidence and overoptimism—on small business owners' portfolio allocations. We use a unique dataset including private information on Italian small and medium enterprises and a structural equation modeling approach. A positive relationship between overconfidence and entrepreneurs' investments in their own companies is confirmed. Managerial Summary: We propose a theoretical model showing how overconfidence and overoptimism explain the evidence that entrepreneurs invest a large share of their personal wealth in their firms, exposing themselves to specific risk. Overconfidence leads to underestimating risk, while overoptimism to overestimate expected returns. Using numerical examples, we show a more substantial role for overconfidence than overoptimism in determining entrepreneurs' portfolio allocations. Using a unique dataset including private information on Italian small and medium enterprises, we test our model and find a positive relationship between overconfidence and small business owners' investments in their own companies
The impact of women leaders on environmental performance: Evidence on gender diversity in banks
No full textThis study analyses the impact of women leaders on environmental performance in a sample of 96 listed banks in the EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) region from 2011 to 2016. Gender diversity in leadership positions is explored through women in the board of directors, chief executive officer gender, and the interaction between these two aspects. This study sheds light on inconsistent results in prior literature by testing three theoretical perspectives: gender difference, critical mass, and homophily. The main results suggest that there is nonlinear relationship between women directors and the environmental performance of banks and that female chief executive officers play a strategic role in shaping this relationship, by confirming the homophily perspective for the banking sector. Therefore, leader gender diversity is an important driver of environmental sustainability in banks, which are increasingly involved in environmental issues either directly, as companies, or indirectly, through their lending activity. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environmen
L’imposta sul valore aggiunto e i libri contabili obbligatori
No full textIl libro si propone di illustrare la rilevazione in contabilità generale delle principali operazioni di costituzione, di gestione, di assestamento, di chiusura e di riapertura dei conti di un'impresa. Il capitolo approfondisce, in particolare, la disciplina IVA e i relativi adempimenti contabili
Le scritture di assestamento
No full textIl libro si propone di illustrare la rilevazione in contabilità generale delle principali operazioni di costituzione, di gestione, di assestamento, di chiusura e di riapertura dei conti di un'impresa. Il capitolo approfondisce, in particolare, le operazioni di assestamento (scritture di integrazione, scritture di rettifica e altre operazioni di valutazione del patrimonio propedeutiche alla costruzione del bilancio di esercizio)
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