11 research outputs found
Molecular Genetic Diversity and Combining Ability for Some Physiological and Agronomic Traits in Rice under Well-Watered and Water-Deficit Conditions
No full textWater deficit is a pivotal abiotic stress that detrimentally constrains rice growth and production. Thereupon, the development of high-yielding and drought-tolerant rice genotypes is imperative in order to sustain rice production and ensure global food security. The present study aimed to evaluate diverse exotic and local parental rice genotypes and their corresponding cross combinations under water-deficit versus well-watered conditions, determining general and specific combining ability effects, heterosis, and the gene action controlling important traits through half-diallel analysis. In addition, the research aimed to assess parental genetic distance (GD) employing simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and to determine its association with hybrid performance, heterosis, and specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Six diverse rice genotypes (exotic and local) and their 15 F1 hybrids were assessed for two years under water-deficit and well-watered conditions. The results revealed that water-deficit stress substantially declined days to heading, plant height, chlorophyll content, relative water content, grain yield, and yield attributes. Contrarily, leaf rolling and the sterility percentage were considerably increased compared to well-watered conditions. Genotypes differed significantly for all the studied characteristics under water-deficit and well-watered conditions. Both additive and non-additive gene actions were involved in governing the inheritance of all the studied traits; however, additive gene action was predominant for most traits. The parental genotypes P1 and P2 were identified as excellent combiners for earliness and the breeding of short stature genotypes. Moreover, P3, P4, and P6 were identified as excellent combiners to increase grain yield and its attributes under water-deficit conditions. The hybrid combinations; P1 × P4, P2 × P5, P3 × P4, and P4 × P6 were found to be good specific combiners for grain yield and its contributed traits under water-deficit conditions. The parental genetic distance (GD) ranged from 0.38 to 0.89, with an average of 0.70. It showed lower association with hybrid performance, heterosis, and combining ability effects for all the studied traits. Nevertheless, SCA revealed a significant association with hybrid performance and heterosis, which suggests that SCA is a good predictor for hybrid performance and heterosis under water-deficit conditions. Strong positive relationships were identified between grain yield and each of relative water content, chlorophyll content, number of panicles/plant, number of filled grains/panicle, and 1000-grain weight. This suggests that these traits could be exploited as important indirect selection criteria for improving rice grain yield under water-deficit conditions
Induction of Systemic Resistance against Sheath Blight in Rice by Different Pseudomonas Isolates
No full textSheath blight disease is a fungal pathogen that causes leaf blight in rice plants, resulting in significant yield losses throughout the growing season. Pseudomonas spp. have long been used as biocontrol agents for a variety of plant diseases. Four Pseudomonas isolates were tested for their ability to promote rice growth and generate systemic resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal pathogen of sheath blight disease. In vitro, Pseudomonas isolates produced the growth hormone indole acetic acid (0.82–1.82 mg L−1). Additionally, seed treatment with Pseudomonas putida suspension outperformed P. brassicacearum, P. aeruginosa and P. resinovorans in terms of germination and vigor evaluation. The maximum seed germination of 89% was recorded after seed treatments with a fresh suspension of P. putida, followed by 87% germination in P. aeruginosa treatment, compared with only 74% germination in the untreated controls. When compared with the infected control plants, all Pseudomonas isolates were non-pathogenic to rice and their co-inoculation considerably enhanced plant growth and health by reducing the disease index to 37% and improving plant height (26%), fresh weight (140%) and dry weight (100%). All Pseudomonas isolates effectively reduced sheath blight disease incidence, as well as the fungicide carbendazim, which is recommended for field management of R. solani. In comparison to untreated control seedlings, treatment with Pseudomonas isolates enhanced the production of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes and the expression of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and NPR1 genes, which could be involved in disease incidence reduction. In conclusion, the use of Pseudomonas spp. has been demonstrated to improve rice growth and resistance to R. solani while also providing an environmentally acceptable option to the agroecosystems
Določanje delovanja genov, ki vplivajo na pridelek riža in njegove komponente v normalnih in sušnih razmerah
No full textEight rice genotypes were selected to conduct all crosses in diallel Method 2 Model 1 design to generate genotypes tolerance to drought stress with high yield potential. The parents Giza179 and Sakha 108 and the crosses UYR 3472 × GZ10739 and GZ10487 × Giza179 reported the highest mean values of the grain yield plant-1 under drought conditions. Two and twelve hybrids revealed desirable highly and highly significant positive heterotic effects as a deviation over mid parent, one hybrid obtained significant positive heterotic over betterparent under natural condition. Regarding the grain yield plant-1, four and six parents showed desirable significant and highly significant positive general combing ability effects under either natural and drought conditions, respectively. Five and thirteen hybrids showed desirable significant and highly significant positive specific combining ability effects under both natural and drought conditions, respectively regarding grain yield plant-1. The high significant and positive associated among grain yield and days to heading, relative water content, number of panicles plant-1, thousand grain mass and water use efficiency for both natural and drought environments. The crosses GZ10739 × WAB 638-1, GZ10739 × IRAT112 and WAB 638-1 × IRAT 112 had superior in most agronomic traits at drought condition.Izbranih je bilo osem genotipov riža za izvedbo dialelnih križanj (Metoda 2 Model 1) za vzgojo genotipov s toleranco na sušo in velikim potencialom pridelka. Križanci starševskih genotipov Giza179 in Sakha 108 in križanci UYR 3472 × GZ10739 ter GZ10487 × Giza179 so imeli največji poprečni pridelek zrnja na rastlino v razmerah suše. Dva in dvanajst križancev je imelo zaželjen velik, značilen pozitivni heterotični učinek kot odklon od poprečja staršev, eden od križancev je v naravnih razmerah dosegel značilno pozitiven heterotični učinek glede na boljšega starša. Glede na pridelek zrnja na rastlino so štiri in šest staršev pokazali zaželjene značilne, pozitivne, splošne kombinacijske učinke v naravnih razmerah kot v razmerah suše. Pet in trinajst križancev je v naravnih in sušnih razmerah pokazalo zaželjene in visoko značilne pozitivne specifične kombinacijske učinke glede na pridelek zrnja na rastlino. Ugotovljena je bila zelo značilna in pozitivna povezava med pridelkom zrnja, dnevi do klasenja, relativno vsebnostjo vode, številom latov na rastlino, maso tisočih zrn in učinkovitostjo izrabe vode v normalnem in sušnem okolju. Križanja GZ10739 × WAB 638-1, GZ10739 × IRAT112 in WAB 638-1 × IRAT 112 so bila superiorna v vseh agronomskih lastnostih v razmerah suše
Incorporated Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Application Ameliorate Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Tolerance and Resilience to Osmotic Stress
No full textOsmotic stress is a major physiologic dysfunction that alters the water movement across the cell membrane. Soil salinity and water stress are major causal factors of osmotic stress that severely affect agricultural productivity and sustainability. Herein, we suggested and evaluated the impact of integrated biochar-based soil amendment and exogenous glycine betaine application on the growth, physiology, productivity, grain quality, and osmotic stress tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Sakha 105) grown in salt-affected soil under three irrigation intervals (6, 9, or 12 days), as well as soil properties and nutrient uptake under field conditions during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. Our findings showed that dual application of biochar and glycine betaine (biochar + glycine betaine) reduced the soil pH, electrical conductivity, and exchangeable sodium percentage. However, it enhanced the K+ uptake which increased in the leaves of treated-rice plants. Additionally, biochar and glycine betaine supplementation enhanced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) and physiological attributes (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, and electrolyte leakage) of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Biochar + glycine betaine altered the activity of antioxidant-related enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxide, and peroxidase). Moreover, it improved the yield components, biological yield, and harvest index, as well as the nutrient value of rice grains of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Collectively, these findings underline the potential application of biochar and glycine betaine as a sustainable eco-friendly strategy to improve plant resilience, not only rice, but other plant species in general and other cereal crops in particular, to abiotic stress, particularly those growing in salt-affected soil
The Impact of Adding a Training Device to Familiar Counselling on Inhalation Technique and Pulmonary Function of Asthmatics
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Correction to:DNA Methylation Alterations in Fractionally Irradiated Rats and Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy
No full textRadia Tamarat and Susana Constantino Rosa Santos were not included as authors in the original publication [1]. These authors contributed to the published research article by performing rat heart irradiation and blood sampling experiments. These authors were missing from the published version due to an accidental editorial mistake made by the authors. The corrected Author Contributions statement appears here. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.</p
Growth Regulators Improve Outcrossing Rate of Diverse Rice Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines through Affecting Floral Traits
No full textCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) provides an irreplaceable strategy for commercial exploitation of heterosis and producing high-yielding hybrid rice. The exogenous application of plant growth regulators could improve outcrossing rates of the CMS lines by affecting floral traits and accordingly increase hybrid rice seed production. The present study aimed at exploring the impact of growth regulators such as gibberellic acid (GA(3)), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on promoting floral traits and outcrossing rates in diverse rice CMS lines and improving hybrid rice seed production. The impact of foliar applications of growth regulators comprising GA(3) at 300 g/ha or GA(3) at 150 g/ha + IAA at 50 g/ha + NAA at 200 g/ha versus untreated control was investigated on floral, growth, and yield traits of five diverse CMS lines. The exogenously sprayed growth regulators, in particular, the combination of GA(3), IAA, and NAA (T3) boosted all studied floral, growth, and yield traits in all tested CMS lines. Moreover, the evaluated CMS lines exhibited significant differences in all measured floral traits. L2, L3, and L1 displayed the uppermost spikelet opening angle, duration of spikelet opening, total stigma length, style length, stigma brush, and stigma width. In addition, these CMS lines exhibited the highest plant growth and yield traits, particularly under T3. Consequently, exogenous application of GA(3), IAA, and NAA could be exploited to improve the floral, growth, and yield traits of promising CMS lines such as L2, L3, and L1, hence increasing outcrossing rates and hybrid rice seed production
Treating pain in sickle cell disease by means of focused ultrasound neuromodulation (Intracranial recordings)
No full textWe have demonstrated a novel transcranial focused ultrasound technology for pain treatment, that promises to provide non-pharmacologic chronic pain treatment for patients associated with underlying conditions such as cancer or sickle cell disease (SCD).The Intracranial recordings were conducted from 2 experimental in vivo mice. This work was supported in part by NIH EB029354, NS124564, and NS131069. Animal care and handling are according to the regulation of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Carnegie Mellon University and complied with National Institutes of Health guidelines. More information can be found in the corresponding manuscript:Kim MG*, Yu K*, Yeh C-Y, Fouda R, Argueta D, Kiven S, Ni Y, Niu X, Chen Q, Kim K, Gupta K, He B. Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound changes pain-associated behaviors by modulating pain processing brain circuits. bioRxiv: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.07.519518 (*Equal contribution, first author)If anyone uses the whole or part of the dataset provided here, we kindly ask you to cite the above publication in any of your publications or presentations:</p
Treating pain in sickle cell disease by means of focused ultrasound neuromodulation (Behavior assessments and analyses)
No full textWe have demonstrated a novel transcranial focused ultrasound technology for pain treatment, that promises to provide non-pharmacologic chronic pain treatment for patients associated with underlying conditions such as cancer or sickle cell disease (SCD).The behavioral assessment with analysis were conducted from 114 experimental in vivo mice. This work was supported in part by NIH EB029354, NS124564, and NS131069. Animal care and handling are according to the regulation of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Carnegie Mellon University and Long Beach VA medical Centre and complied with National Institutes of Health guidelines. More information can be found in the corresponding manuscript:Kim MG*, Yu K*, Yeh C-Y, Fouda R, Argueta D, Kiven S, Ni Y, Niu X, Chen Q, Kim K, Gupta K, He B. Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound changes pain-associated behaviors by modulating pain processing brain circuits. bioRxiv: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.07.519518 (*Equal contribution, first author)If anyone uses the whole or part of the dataset provided here, we kindly ask you to cite the above publication in any of your publications or presentations:Folders:- Hot-plate test blind assessment and summary- Cold-plate test blind assessment and summary- von Frey test blind assessment and summary- Rotarod test blind assessment and summary</p
Treating pain in sickle cell disease by means of focused ultrasound neuromodulation (Histology images)
No full textWe have demonstrated a novel transcranial focused ultrasound technology for pain treatment, that promises to provide non-pharmacologic chronic pain treatment for patients associated with underlying conditions such as cancer or sickle cell disease (SCD).Double-blind histological analyses were conducted from HbSS-BERK sickle mice and HbAA-BERK genetic control mice in vivo. This work was supported in part by NIH EB029354, NS124564, and NS131069. Animal care and handling are according to the regulation of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Carnegie Mellon University and Long Beach VA medical Centre and complied with National Institutes of Health guidelines. More information can be found in the corresponding manuscript:Kim MG*, Yu K*, Yeh C-Y, Fouda R, Argueta D, Kiven S, Ni Y, Niu X, Chen Q, Kim K, Gupta K, He B. Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound changes pain-associated behaviors by modulating pain processing brain circuits. bioRxiv: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.07.519518 (*Equal contribution, first author)If anyone uses the whole or part of the dataset provided here, we kindly ask you to cite the above publication in any of your publications or presentations:Folders:- Double-blind histological analyses and treatment information- Histology images in HbSS-BERK sickle mice (Slide #1-#3)- Histology images in HbAA-BERK genetic control mice (Slide #4-#8)- Images for Iron and TUNEL positive control</p
