7,910 research outputs found
Using performance assessment in secondary school mathematics: an empirical study in a Singapore classroom
No full textThis article reports an exploratory study on using performance assessment in mathematics instruction in a high-performing secondary school in Singapore. An intact mathematics class participated in the study, and received chapter-based performance tasks as intervention during regular mathematics lessons for about one and a half school years. The performance tasks used included authentic and/or open-ended tasks. The students’ academic achievements and attitudes in mathematics were compared with a comparison class that did not receive the intervention. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, mainly through questionnaire surveys, performance task tests, conventional school exams, and interviews with students and teachers. The results suggest that the students receiving the intervention performed significantly better than their counterparts in solving conventional exam problems, and in general they also showed more positive changes in attitudes towards mathematics and mathematics learning. The students from the experimental class also expressed positive views about the benefits of using performance tasks in promoting their ability in higher order thinking, though no statistically significant difference was detected between the two classes of students in solving unconventional tasks before and after intervention. Overall, the results appear to support teachers’ using contextualised problems in real life situations and open-ended investigations in students’ learning of mathematic
Richardson, Barbauld, and the construction of an early modern fan club
No full textMPhilMuch has been written about the life and long works of the eighteenth century epistolary novelist, Samuel Richardson, but the prospect of his position as the first celebrity novelist – responsible for courting his own fame as well as initiating his own fan club – has largely been ignored. The body of manuscripts housed at the National Art Library in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London provides the modern scholar with evidence of the skeletal beginnings of an early fan club. This thesis aims to show how these manuscripts were turned into a saleable commodity by the publisher and entrepreneur Richard Phillips, while under the guiding hand of another, slightly later, literary celebrity, Anna Laetitia Barbauld. In order to restore Richardson’s reputation amongst a new nineteenth century audience, Barbauld was required to construct her own idea of him as an eighteenth century celebrity author, and in doing so the insecurities of a self-professed, apparently diffident man, are revealed. Barbauld’s capacious, but heavily edited selection of letters is analyzed in this thesis, providing ample evidence that Richardson’s correspondents were more than just eager letter writers. By using Barbauld’s biography of Richardson this thesis aims to show how she manipulates the genre of life writing in her construction of him.
This thesis offers an alternative reading of how the Richardson manuscripts are viewed, redefining them as not simply a collection of letters, but as a collective entity, deliberately selected and archived as evidence of an early modern fan club, and its celebrity managing director
Development of a rotor model for the numerical simulation of helicopter exterior flow-fields
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 84-85).A numerical methodology is developed to model the effect of a rotor on the surrounding flow-field. The model calculates the time-averaged aerodynamic forces exerted on the air by the fan blades within the blade-swept region, and permits the user to specify blade properties such as cross-sectional profile and orientation at a particular radial and azimuthal location. The calculated forces are included as source terms within the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid, which are solved by the commercial CFD solver, FLUENT. The effects of turbulence are incorporated through the use of Launder and Spalding's k-g turbulence model. This method is selected as being the most efficient use of the resources available, giving the economic advantages of a steady simulation, while allowing radial and azimuthal variations of rotor characteristics. In order to validate the accuracy of the numerical model for both aligned and non-aligned inflow conditions, results are compared with experimental data reported for an axial flow fan. Agreement between experimental and numerical results is excellent to good. Fan static pressure rise is closely predicted by the numerical solution, while fan power consumption and fan static efficiency are under and over-predicted respectively. This error may be attributed to frictional losses not accounted for in the numerical model. These include physical rotational instabilities, leading to increased mechanical losses, and tip effects due to the clearance between the fan blade tips and the fan casing. Trends are nevertheless consistently predicted by the numerical model for inflow angles up to 45°, and for the range of blade pitch settings used. The adverse effect of off-axis inflow on the fan static pressure rise is numerically predicted, while fan power consumption is found to remain independent of inflow angle, as had been experimentally observed. The rotor model is finally integrated with the fuselage of the CIRSTEL (Combined Infra-Red Suppression and Tail rotor Elimination) prototype in an analysis of the helicopter exterior flow-field. No experimental data for this configuration was available for validation purposes. However, the model is used in the simulation of several common helicopter flight conditions. Results are presented graphically, and generally indicate good agreement with physically observed phenomena
Predicting fan noise propagation in aeroengine bypass ducts
No full textThis thesis explores the prediction of rearwards fan noise propagation within the bypass duct and its radiation into the far feld. Two recently developed models: B-induct and
GXMunt, are exploited in application to real engine bypass ducts and their performance is evaluated. These methods are an improvement on current industry standards, allowing
realistic duct geometry and flow conditions to be modelled with reasonable computation and time demands. The main focus is on the model b-induct.B-induct predictions for bypass attenuation are integrated into an industry standard whole engine model, and predictions of far-feld noise are obtained for a modern high bypass-ratio engine. These predictions compare more favourably with measured data
from full-scale static engine tests than similar predictions made using a standard uni-form rectangular duct model for the bypass attenuations, indicating that b-induct is an improvement over the current model.Initial studies on the effect of duct geometry on noise propagation suggest a noise benefit for a duct with higher curvature when compared to a typical Baseline design. This
suggestion is confirmed using measured data from zero-flow rig tests. Predictions for three-dimensional duct geometries are also performed to show the effect of scattering due to bifurcations within the duct.B-induct allows for the specific bypass geometry and liner positions to be taken into account when performing impedance optimisations. A new optimisation procedure is proposed in which b-induct predictions are used within an existing whole aircraft noise prediction model. This procedure is used to select liner impedances for a modern engine bypass duct.
B-induct is demonstrated to be a promising new tool within the engine design process, for both analysis of the impact of rear fan noise on whole engine noise, and assessment
of potential low noise bypass configurations
The Positioning of Nature in Soseki’s Early “Meian” Period Chinese poetry – Influenced by Wang Wei?
No full text夏目漱石自幼崇拜陶淵明、李白、王維等中國文人，小說或隨筆中也常引用到這些詩人的作品，漱石漢詩受中國文人影響可想見一斑。然而，例如大地武雄、加藤二郎、上垣外憲一等漱石漢詩研究學者均偏向陶淵明與漱石之研究，王維與漱石之研究較不受到矚目。提及漱石漢詩中之「自然」，多數人都會同時聯想到晚年的漢詩與漱石之最高思想「則天去私」，不過，此思想並非一次完成的，而是漱石經過多年深思熟慮才領悟出之道理。此思想固然可說反映在漱石晚年的75首漢詩當中，但並非所有晚年漢詩均為此思想之表現，漢詩研究學者中村宏指出大正五年九月五日所作的157號漢詩可視為「一個分界點」，漱石晚年《明暗》時代之漢詩可分成前、後二期。基於以上理由，本搞針對《明暗》時代前期漢詩、也就是134號—156號共23首之漢詩，以詩人對自然之態度、人與自然之關係等為探討之主要問題，並考證這些漢詩中是否受到王維之影響？藉此探討希望能對「則天去私」有一番了解。Since an early age, Natsume Soseki had looked up to Chinese scholars such as Tao Yuan-ming, Li Bai, Wang Wei, and often cited their works in his novels and essays. These Chinese scholars hold a significant impact on Soseki and his kanshi (Chinese poetry). However, academics such as Daichi Takeo, Katou Jiro, and Kamigaito Kenichi mostly focused on the analysis of Tao Yuan-ming’s influence on Soseki; Wang Wei’s influenced is rarely contemplated. Speaking of “Nature” in Soseki’s kanshi, most people would relate to kanshi written in his later years and his ultimate goal of “Sokutenkyoshi”. However, this ideal was not developed in one day, it took Soseki many years of pondering to formulate. It could be said that this ideal was reflected in the seventy five kanshi written in Soseki’s late years, nevertheless, not all of these poems are manifestations of this ideology. Kanshi researcher Nakamura Hiroshi points out that kanshi number 157 written on September 5th in the fifth year of Taisho era (1917) could be seen as a “dividing point”, separating Soseki’s Meian Period kanshi into two intervals. Based on the above deductions, this paper aims to address the poet’s attitude towards nature and the relationship between humanity and nature, focusing on Soseki’s early Meian period kanshi, explicitly the twenty three kanshi from number 134 to 156. Moreover, this paper would also discuss whether these kanshi were influenced by Wang Wei, in hopes of gaining further insight into Soseki’s “Sokutenkyoshi” philosophy
Sketch of the Aerial Ship, Drawn by Eagles.
No full textLabeled sketch by Thomas Simmons Mackintosh of a plan for an aerial ship to be propelled by "eagles, hawks, pigeons, or other large birds." The ship is flying the British flag, carries two men and features a fan-shaped rudder. The name "zephyr" is printed on the hull. Below the sketch is an explanation of the design and a direction to "See 'Morning Advertiser, July 3rd, 7th, 13th'."For more information about this item, visit https://archivesspace.mit.edu/repositories/2/digital_objects/33
Fan Fiction and Copyright: Outsider Works and Intellectual Property Protection
No full textAs long as there have been fans, there has been fan fiction. There seems to be a fundamental human need to tell additional stories about the characters after the book, series, play or movie is over. But developments in information technology and copyright law have put these fan stories at risk of collision with the content owners’ intellectual property rights. Fan fiction has long been a nearly invisible form of outsider art, but over the past decade it has grown exponentially in volume and in legal importance. Because of its nature, authorship, and underground status, fan fiction stands at an intersection of key issues regarding property, sexuality, and gender. In Fan Fiction and Copyright, author Aaron Schwabach examines various types of fan-created content and asks whether and to what extent they are protected from liability for copyright infringement. Professor Schwabach discusses examples of original and fan works from a wide range of media, genres, and cultures. From Sherlock Holmes to Harry Potter, fictional characters, their authors, and their fans are sympathetically yet realistically assessed. Fan Fiction and Copyright looks closely at examples of three categories of disputes between authors and their fans: Disputes over the fans’ use of copyrighted characters, disputes over online publication of fiction resembling copyright work, and in the case of J.K. Rowling and a fansite webmaster, a dispute over the compiling of a reference work detailing an author's fictional universe. Offering more thorough coverage of many such controversies than has ever been available elsewhere, and discussing fan works from the United States, Brazil, China, India, Russia, and elsewhere, Fan Fiction and Copyright advances the understanding of fan fiction as transformative use and points the way toward a safe harbor\u9d for fan fiction
Learning of algorithms: a theoretical model with focus on cognitive development
No full textTaking a broad perspective on algorithm in mathematics, the author presents a theoretical model about the learning and teaching of algorithm with focus on students’ cognitive development. The model consists of three cognitive levels: 1. Knowledge and Skills, 2. Understanding and Comprehension, and 3. Evaluation and Construction. The model suggests that teaching and learning of algorithm does not simply mean routine learning, memorization, or lead to a low level of cognition. The paper also discusses different teaching strategies and activities that can be used to support students’ cognitive development at different cognitive levels
Natsume Soseki’s Literati Paintings ?A Projection of Wang Wei?
No full text明治時期隨著近代化之改革，當時在文藝界亦掀起了一陣新風潮，繪畫當中講求蘊含文學意境、而文學作家追求繪畫理想將繪畫手法融入文學作品中者亦不乏其人，曾幾何時流行於中國文人間之「詩中有畫、畫中有詩」 之文人理想在明治文人社會裡一時蔚為風氣。夏目漱石即為當時一代表性文人。漱石所留下之晚期畫作不乏職業級水準之南畫（文人畫），該南畫中有題詩者、亦有未題詩者，此外還有想像繪畫而作之「題畫詩」??亦即「詩中有畫」者，此種充滿畫意境界之漢詩為數亦不少。翻開中國文人畫史首先不可不提的是文人畫之創始者王維，漱石在手札、小說中多次提及王維，並對其詩作讚賞有加。本稿以漱石之晚期南畫為研究對象，探討這些畫作受王維影響之處。Along with the reform of Meiji Period, there started a new current of thought in Japanese literary and art circles. The mood of a literary work appeared in paintings, and the technique of painting was mixed into literary works. “There is painting in poetry, and poetry in painting.” The ideal of Chinese literati became the order of the day. And Natsume Soseki was a typical representative. There is no lack of first-rate literati paintings in Soseki’s later works. Some of these paintings were written poems on them. And he also wrote poems full of the flavor of painting. As we know, Wang Wei is the initiator of Chinese literati painting. Soseki mentioned Wang’s name many times in his letters and novels, and highly praised his poems. So we are going to do the research from Soseki’s later literati paintings. We try to make a survey if these paintings were influenced by Wang Wei
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