363 research outputs found
A student's perspective: are medical students adequately trained in BLS?
No full textTobi Oyewole,1 Folashade Oyewole2 1University of Liverpool – The School of Medicine, Liverpool, 2Imperial College London, London, UK We read with great interest the article by Lami et al regarding improving basic life support (BLS) training for medical students.1 We agree that BLS skills are vital for junior doctors. The days of trial by fire have long gone away, and junior doctors and medical students need to feel that they are adequately trained to handle emergency situations they may face in hospital. Read the original articl
Views on group simulation in an integrated medical curriculum
No full textMariam Salaria, Tobi Oyewole, Sundes ShahUniversity of Liverpool, School of Medicine, Liverpool, UKWe read with great interest the article by Ginzburg et al,1 regarding small group simulation with debrief, for first and second year medical students. Having completed four years at Liverpool Medical School, we agree that small group simulation assists in consolidating the knowledge of basic sciences. The article states that the majority of students agree that simulation followed by a debrief, illustrated the clinical relevance of basic sciences. What is more, students felt that these practices provided chances for direct application of scientific knowledge, as well as simulating real world experience. The development of clinical reasoning was also noted, and as medical students ourselves, we agree that this aspect is cemented by simulation scenarios.View the original paper by Ginzburg and colleagues
A comparison between legume technologies and fallow, and their effects on maize and soil traits, in two distinct environments of the West African savannah
No full textLegume¿maize rotation and maize nitrogen (N)-response trials were carried out simultaneously from 1998 to 2004 in two distinct agro-ecological environments of West Africa: the humid derived savannah (Ibadan) and the drier northern Guinea savannah (Zaria). In the N-response trial, maize was grown annually receiving urea N at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha¿1. In Ibadan, maize production increased with N fertilization, but mean annual grain yield declined over the course of the trial. In Zaria, no response to N treatments was observed initially, and an increase in the phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) fertilizer application rate was required to increase yield across treatments and obtain a response to N applications, stressing the importance of non-N fertilizers in the savannah. In the rotation trial, a 2-year natural fallow¿maize rotation was compared with maize rotated with different legume types: green manure, forage, dual-purpose, and grain legumes. The cultivation of some legume types resulted in a greater annual maize production relative to the fallow¿maize combination and corresponding treatments in the N-response trial, while there was no gain in maize yield with other legume types. Large differences in the residual effects from legumes and fallow were also observed between sites, indicting a need for site-specific land management recommendations. In Ibadan, cultivation of maize after the forage legume (Stylosanthes guianensis) achieved the highest yield. The natural fallow¿maize rotation had improved soil characteristics (Bray-I P, exchangeable potassium, calcium and magnesium) at the end of the trial relative to legume¿maize rotations, and natural fallow resulted in higher maize yields than the green manure legume (Pueraria phaseoloides). In Zaria, maize following dual-purpose soybean achieved the highest mean yield. At both sites, variation in aboveground N and P dynamics of the legume and fallow vegetation could only partly explain the different residual effects on maiz
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Micro-wrinkling and delamination-induced buckling of stretchable electronic structures
No full textThis article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Oyewole, O. K., D. Yu, Jing Du, J. Asare, D. O. Oyewole, V. C. Anye, A. Fashina, M. G. Zebaze Kana, and W. O. Soboyejo. "Micro-wrinkling and delamination-induced buckling of stretchable electronic structures." Journal of Applied Physics 117, no. 23 (2015): 235501. and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922665This paper presents the results of experimental and theoretical/computational micro-wrinkles and buckling on the surfaces of stretchable poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coated with nano-scale Gold (Au) layers. The wrinkles and buckles are formed by the unloading of pre-stretched PDMS/Au structure after the evaporation of nano-scale Au layers. They are then characterized using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The critical stresses required for wrinkling and buckling are analyzed using analytical models. The possible interfacial cracking that can occur along with film buckling is also studied using finite element simulations of the interfacial crack growth. The implications of the results are discussed for potential applications of micro-wrinkles and micro-buckles in stretchable electronic structures and biomedical devices
Nigeria and the transnationalisation of kidnapping in the Lake Chad region and the Gulf of Guinea
No full textSecurity and Global Affair
Farmers' agronomic and social evaluation of productivity yield and N2-fixation in different cowpea varieties and their subsequent residual N effects on a succeeding maize crop
No full textCowpea-maize rotations form an important component of the farming systems of smallholder farmers in the forest/savannah transitional agro-ecological zone of Ghana. We evaluated five cowpea varieties for grain yield, N-2-fixation, biomass production, and contribution to productivity of subsequent maize grown in rotation. We further analyzed the interrelationship between these technical dimensions and the social acceptability of these cowpea varieties for farmers. Cowpea grain yield ranged between 1.1 and 1.4 t ha(-1) with no significant yield differences among the different varieties. Using the N-15 natural abundance technique, the average proportion of N-2 fixed ranged between 61% for Ayiyi and 77% for Legon prolific. This resulted in average amounts of N-2 fixed in above-ground biomass ranging between 32 and 67 kg N ha(-1), respectively. Variation in estimates due to differences in delta N-15 among reference plants were larger than differences between cowpea varieties. The amount of soil-derived N ranged from 15 to 20 kg N ha(-1). The above-ground net N contribution of the cowpea varieties to the soil (after adjusting for N export in grains) was highest for Legon Prolific (31 kg N ha(-1)) due to high N-2-fixation and high leaf biomass production. Maize grain yield after cowpea without application of mineral N fertilizer ranged between 0.4 t ha(-1) with maize after maize to 1.5 t ha(-1) with Legon Prolific. The N fertilizer equivalence values for the cowpea varieties ranged between 18 and 60 kg N ha(-1). IT810D-1010 was ranked by the farmers as the most preferred cowpea variety due to its white seed type, short-duration, ease of harvesting and good market value. Despite the high leaf biomass production and high amount of N-2 fixed by Legon Prolific, it was generally the least preferred variety due to lower market price, late maturity, least potential cash income (due to the red mottled seed type) and difficulty in harvesting. Although farmers recognized the contribution of cowpea to soil fertility and yields of subsequent maize, they did not consider this as an important criterion for varietal selection. Soil fertility improvement must be considered as an additional benefit rather than a direct selection criterion when designing more sustainable smallholder farming systems
Displaced and forgotten: unveiling northwest Nigeria’s armed banditry induced humanitarian crisis
No full textSecurity and Global Affair
Going beyond the situational judgment test: the true impact of the educational performance measure, publications, and extra-degree performance on the foundation program application
No full textMeelad Sayma,1,2 Shiraz Jamshaid,1 Doa'a Kerwat,1,3 Dina Saleh,1 Aaniya Ahmed,1 Folashade Oyewole,1 Abdul Samad Wahid1 1 Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, 2Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, Devon, 3Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK We read with great interest the expert opinion of Singagireson et al and agree with the key points raised.1 However, this can be seen to be only one part of the multidimensional foundation program application. It is important to add that we feel there are multiple inequitable components that impact on UK medical students’ foundation program application. The author emphasizes that the situational judgment test (SJT) and medical school performance make up two points of the application performance; however, there are two factors that have a larger-than appreciated impact on the foundation program application – “PubMed-referenced publications” and additional degrees (eg, an intercalated BSc or PhD).2View original article by Singagireson et al  
Medical student perspective: reducing patient waiting times in the UK National Health Service
No full textJasper Vink, Folashade Oyewole, Shiraz Jamshaid, Rohin Patel, Zubair Froogh, Maninder Bhambra Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UKWe read with great interest the article by Zaghloul and El Enein and agree with the conclusions made in particular regarding overbooking of outpatient services due to a mismatching of resources and the need for efficient outpatient scheduling. We believe these points to be relevant to the current status of the National Health Service (NHS), which is facing an ever growing demand for its services, leading to increasing waiting times as a result. Across NHS England, 838,600 patients were waiting for a key diagnostic test at the end of November 2015, a 5.6% increase from November 2014. Waiting times have been associated with lower patient satisfaction and reduced clinical outcomes. It is therefore crucial that management teams take an active approach to reducing waiting times. View the original paper by Zaghloul and El Enei
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Surface texture and optical properties of crystalline silicon substrates
No full textThis article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Fashina, A. A., K. K. Adama, O. K. Oyewole, V. C. Anye, J. Asare, M. G. Zebaze Kana, and W. O. Soboyejo. "Surface texture and optical properties of crystalline silicon substrates." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 7, no. 6 (2015): 063119. and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4937117This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the effects of surface texture on the optical and light trapping properties of silicon wafers. Surface texture is controlled by anisotropic etching with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solutions. The anisotropic etching of (001) crystalline silicon wafers is shown to result in the formation of {111} pyramidal facets on the surfaces of the wafers. A combination of profilometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy is used to study the effects of KOH/IPA etching on the morphology and roughness of the textured surfaces. The results show that IPA concentration has the strongest effect on the surface roughness of (001)-single crystal crystals at temperatures up to 80 °C. Above this value, evidence of temperature-induced cracking was revealed on the silicon substrate. The best volume concentration ratio of KOH:IPA is also found to be 2:4. The implications of the study are discussed for the design of light trapping in silicon solar cells
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