555 research outputs found
Effects of cutting tops on harvest time of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)
No full textDanašnji časi kličejo po čim večji količini pridelka in čim krajši rastni dobi, zato smo želeli preveriti, če z vršičkanjem boba res dosežemo krajšo rastno dobo in kako sam ukrep vpliva na kakovost in količino pridelka. Poskus smo postavili 8. 11. 2018 v neogrevanem rastlinjaku Laboratorijskega polja Oddelka za agronomijo Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani. Površino smo razdelili na 12 enakih parcel in na njih posejali dve sorti boba \u27Dreifach Weiße\u27 in \u27Aguadulce Supersimonia\u27. Na posamezno parcelo smo posejali 30 semen na razdalji 15 x 20 cm. Na polovici parcele posamezne sorte smo ratsline vršičkali, na drugi polovici smo rastline pustili nevršičkane. Dve vrstici na posamezni parceli smo določili za pobiranje zrnja v voščeni zrelosti, preostale tri pa smo pustili za končno pobiranje suhega zrnja. Voščeno zrnje smo pobirali trikrat: 14. 5. 2019, 30. 5. 2019 in 12. 6. 2019, suho zrnje smo pobrali 2. 7. 2019. Pri pobiranju smo najprej pobrali stroke ter jih prešteli ter stehtali, zatem smo jih oluščili, stehtali maso zrn in jih tudi prešteli. Pri obeh vrstah pri obiranju v suhi ter voščeni zrelosti so bili boljši rezultati pri nevršičkanih rastlinah. Rezultati vršičkanih rastlin pri voščeni zrelosti so: masa strokov: 5691 g, število strokov: 266, število zrn: 867, masa zrn: 1673 g. Rezultati na nevršičkanih rastlinah pri voščeni zrelosti pa so: masa strokov: 7375 g, število strokov: 350, število zrn: 1134, masa zrn: 2081 g.Today\u27s times call for as much crop yield and as short a growing season as possible, so we wanted to see if the tip of the bean really achieves a shorter growing season and how the measure itself affects the quality and quantity of the crop. The experiment was set on November 8, 2018 in the unheated greenhouse of the laboratory field of the Department of Agronomy at the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana. The area was divided into 12 equal plots and sown on two varieties of faba beans \u27Dreifach Weiße\u27 and \u27Aguadulce Supersimonia\u27. 30 seeds were sown on a single plot at a distance of 15 x 20 cm. Half of the plot of each variety was patchy and half was left unpaved. Two rows in each plot were designated for harvesting at waxy maturity, and the remaining three were left for final dry grain harvesting. We harvested the wax grains three times: 14.5.2019, 30.5.2019 and 12.6.2019, while the dry grains were picked on 2.7.2019. When harvesting, we first picked the pods and weighed them, weighed them, then we shelled them, weighed the mass of grains and also counted them. In both species, when harvested in dry and waxy maturity, better results were achieved with bud removed plants. Waxy maturity-tip: weight of branches: 5691 g, number of branches: 266, number of grains: 867, weight of grains: 1673 g. Waxy maturity with no bud removed: weight of experts: 7375 g, number of experts: 350, number of grains: 1134, weight of grains: 2081 g
The double-resonance enhancement of stimulated low-frequency Raman scattering in silver-capped nanodiamonds
No full textOpen Mic with LISA: Intermediate-Mass Black Holes and Double White Dwarfs
No full textThe Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a space gravitational wave (GW) detector that will operate in the frequency band 0.1–1,000 mHz. As a GW detector, LISA is not a directional instrument. Instead, it can be thought of as a big “microphone” that will be recording a myriad of GW “sounds” at the same time. Among those are the voices of two rich yet scarcely known populations we focus on in this work: intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) and Galactic double white dwarfs (DWDs).
First, we show that it is possible to use LISA for indirect detection of IMBHs in the Milky Way if they are orbited by binaries emitting GWs in the LISA band. The GW signal from the binary around an IMBH will undergo a Doppler modulation which may reveal the presence of the IMBH. We find that the globular cluster (GC) Omega Centauri, which is long suspected to host an IMBH, is the most promising candidate for a positive detection with this method.
Second, we investigate a scaled-up version of the three-body systems considered above, in which the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in our Galactic Center is orbited by an IMBH paired with a stellar-mass object. We demonstrate that the induced Doppler modulation can then be used to constrain the presence of IMBHs with masses 1,000–100,000 solar masses at a distance of 0.1–2 milliparsecs from the SMBH.
Third, we focus on the quasimonochromatic nature of the Galactic DWDs: the fact that, for many of them, the GW frequency drift during the LISA observation time ∆f ≲ 1/yr. We revisit the stationary-phase approximation (SPA) widely used in estimating measurement uncertainties in the frequency domain (FD), and we show how the conventional SPA must be modified for consistent results.
Finally, we investigate whether the Galactic DWDs can be used to probe the Milky Way’s large-scale gravitational field. While it is unlikely to measure the respective center-of-mass accelerations with GWs alone, combining GW and electromagnetic (EM) observations can make the measurement possible. We also propose an efficient implementation of the Fisher matrix calculations which makes use of auto-differentiation.
In this thesis we focus on papers [1–4] where the author made major contributions. To a lesser extent, the author also contributed to papers [5–7] over the course of the PhD program
FROM NEO-INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TO NEO-INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
No full textIn respect to innovations in production resources the author designed STR-organization of neo-industrial production, which includes pace maximization, pace method of selecting machines, universalization and STR-synchronization of production process (PP). It was found that PP universalization causes innovations in production resources which withdraw manual labour from production sphere and relocate it to the service sphere and improve the quality and productivity of mental labour. The article describes the model of non-industrial development designed by the author which shows that: 1) innovation in capital resources and STR- organization of the production process lead to singling out and concentration of enterprises outputting the aggregate row of end products (object universalization), aggregate row of product knot by one or several technologies (knot object and knot technological universalization) that carry out by different technologies the same stage of technological process (stage-by-stage technological universalization); 2) STR-organization of PP envisages parallel production of PP sections, the absence of unfinished production, rejecting the fixed work time and use of work time as a regulator of the production volume taking into account the demand; 3) innovation in costs (operational and cyclic costs) causes the dependence of active capital and material costs on the quantity of output product and obtaining depreciation profit while consuming capital
Open Mic with LISA: Intermediate-Mass Black Holes and Double White Dwarfs
No full textThe Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a space gravitational wave (GW) detector that will operate in the frequency band 0.1–1,000 mHz. As a GW detector, LISA is not a directional instrument. Instead, it can be thought of as a big “microphone” that will be recording a myriad of GW “sounds” at the same time. Among those are the voices of two rich yet scarcely known populations we focus on in this work: intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) and Galactic double white dwarfs (DWDs).
First, we show that it is possible to use LISA for indirect detection of IMBHs in the Milky Way if they are orbited by binaries emitting GWs in the LISA band. The GW signal from the binary around an IMBH will undergo a Doppler modulation which may reveal the presence of the IMBH. We find that the globular cluster (GC) Omega Centauri, which is long suspected to host an IMBH, is the most promising candidate for a positive detection with this method.
Second, we investigate a scaled-up version of the three-body systems considered above, in which the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in our Galactic Center is orbited by an IMBH paired with a stellar-mass object. We demonstrate that the induced Doppler modulation can then be used to constrain the presence of IMBHs with masses 1,000–100,000 solar masses at a distance of 0.1–2 milliparsecs from the SMBH.
Third, we focus on the quasimonochromatic nature of the Galactic DWDs: the fact that, for many of them, the GW frequency drift during the LISA observation time ∆f ≲ 1/yr. We revisit the stationary-phase approximation (SPA) widely used in estimating measurement uncertainties in the frequency domain (FD), and we show how the conventional SPA must be modified for consistent results.
Finally, we investigate whether the Galactic DWDs can be used to probe the Milky Way’s large-scale gravitational field. While it is unlikely to measure the respective center-of-mass accelerations with GWs alone, combining GW and electromagnetic (EM) observations can make the measurement possible. We also propose an efficient implementation of the Fisher matrix calculations which makes use of auto-differentiation.
In this thesis we focus on papers [1–4] where the author made major contributions. To a lesser extent, the author also contributed to papers [5–7] over the course of the PhD program
Impact of foliar application of different selenium and iodine forms on pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants and yield
No full textV letu 2015 smo na laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani izvedli poskus, s katerim smo želeli ugotoviti vpliv foliarno dodanih različnih oblik selena in joda na rastline ter pridelek graha (Pisum sativum L.). Poskus je bil zasnovan v bločni zasnovi, v treh ponovitvah. Rastline graha smo v fazi polnega cvetenja enkrat poškropili z različnimi oblikami selena v koncentraciji 10 mg/L in joda v koncentraciji 1000 mg/L ter kombinacijami obeh elementov z namenom oplemenitve pridelka s tema elementoma. Uporabili smo selen v obliki selenita (Se(IV)) in selenata (Se(VI)) ter jod v obliki jodida (I(-I)) in jodata (I(V)). Imeli smo 9 obravnavanj: obogatenje s selenitom, selenatom, selenitom in jodidom, selenitom in jodatom, selenatom in jodidom, selenatom in jodatom, jodidom, jodatom ter kontrolno obravnavanje z vodo. Pridelek smo ročno pobirali dvakrat in vrednotili maso ter število strokov, maso zrnja ter maso luščin, ob drugem spravilu pa še maso in število nezrelih strokov. Z vsake parcelice smo izbrali 10 naključnih strokov ter opravili meritve dolžine in mase stroka, števila zrn v stroku ter izračunali povprečno maso enega zrna. Ugotovili smo, da nobeno od obravnavanj ni imelo statistično značilnega vpliva na pridelek graha. Pri meritvah strokov smo ugotovili statistične razlike med obravnavanji v dolžini in masi strokov, vi številu zrn v stroku ter povprečni masi zrna.In 2015, an experiment was carried out on the Laboratory field of Biotechnical Faculty of Ljubljana, in which the impact of foliar application of different selenium and iodine forms on pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants and yield was evaluated. Experiment was performed in complete block design, with three replications. In the stage of full flowering of pea plants, different forms of selenium in concentration of 10 mg/L and iodine in concentration 100 mg/L and combinations of both elements were foliar applied once, to enrich yield with these two elements. Selenium was used in forms of selenite (Se(IV)) and selenate (Se(VI)) and iodine in forms of iodide (I(-I)) and iodate (I(V)). We had 9 treatments: fortification with selenite, selenate, selenite and iodide, selenite and iodate, selenate and iodide, selenate and iodate, iodide, iodate and control treatment with water. The yield was manualy harvested two times. In each plot mass and number of bean pods and a mass of grains and husks were measured. In the second harvest also the mass and number of riped and unriped pods were recorded. From each plot 10 pods were randomly selected and the measurements of length and mass of pod, number of grains were made in the pod and everage mass of grain was calculated. Treatments with selenium and iodine have no statistical significant effect on pea yield. Statisticly significant differences were found between different aplications in length and mass of pea pods, numbers of grains per pod and everage mass of grain
Runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.)
No full textLaški ali turški fižol (lat. Phaseolus coccineus L. syn. Phaseolus multiflorus Willd) spada med svetovno manj znane razširjene stročnice. Izvira iz Srednje in Južne Amerike. V Kolumbovem času so ga Španci prinesli v Evropo, od koder se je razširil po vsem svetu. Priljubljen in razširjen je tudi v Sloveniji, kjer se prideluje kot enoletnica. Laški fižol je prepoznaven po svojem bogatem cvetju in velikih semenih. V primerjavi z navadnim fižolom laški fižol vznikne pri hladnejših temperaturah in se zato lahko sadi prej in na hladnejših območjih. Laški fižol je tujeprašnica, zato je prisotnost žuželk, predvsem čebel in čmrljev, pomembna pri opraševanju. Vplivajo tudi na nastavek in količino strokov. Slednji se obirajo sproti, da se spodbudi rast novih strokov in s tem dodatno poveča količina pridelka. S pomočjo genetskih analiz in genskega inženiringa se lahko s to stročnico izboljšajo druge vrste fižola. Dober primer je vnos tolerance na nizke temperature in številne bolezni pri navadnem fižolu.Runner bean (lat. Phaseolus coccineus L. syn. Phaseolus multiflorus Willd) is one of less widespread legumes in the world. It`s originating from South and Central America. At Columbuses time, the Spaniards are thought to be the ones, who brought this bean to Europe. From there on, it spread thorough the world. It`s popular and widely spread in Slovenia, where it`s cultivated as an annual crop. The most distinct sign of the runner beans are many colourful flowers and big seeds. Compared to the common bean the runner bean emerges during lower temperatures, so it can be grown in colder climates. As an allogamous plant the presence of pollinating insects, especially bees and bumblebees, is important for pollinating. They also effect pod setting and their quantity. With the help of genetic analyses of the runner bean and genetic engineering of it, many other legumes can be improved. A good example of it is the improved tolerance of cold temperatures and diseases in the common bean
Environmental tradeoffs of agricultural growth in Russian regions and possible sustainable pathways for 2030
No full textThe paper analyses the current ecological consequences of agricultural growth in Russia's main regions (oblast level) during 2011–2019. Our main hypothesis was that local environmental risks, like waste concentration, would be closely related to global climate risks such as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the production of crops, meat, milk, eggs, and from land use change (LUC) activities leading to a larger carbon footprint. We first analyze official data for agricultural waste and find that 30% of it is concentrated in just two regions (Belgorod and Kursk), while they produce only 10% of agricultural value of Russia. Next, we find that manure nutrients have a high concentration in regions where the livestock production is not balanced with appropriate nutrient use on croplands (Dagestan, Astrakhan, Leningrad, and Pskov regions) which might lead to the pollution of soils and local waters. Next, we test the GLOBIOM partial equilibrium model to evaluate proper agricultural protein production quantities in Russian regions and respective GHG emissions from crop, livestock and land use change activities. We find that 21% of the GHG emission in 2019 came from the conversion of former abandoned agricultural land into cropland (starting from 2011). While some regions such as Krasnodar, Rostov, and Stavropol increase productivity with low carbon footprint, others, like Amur and Bryansk, increase production by cropland expansion without respective productivity growth which leads to higher carbon footprint. Our results for livestock operations show that the main hypothesis did not hold up because regions which increase meat production, like Belgorod, Kursk, Pskov, and Leningrad, have a lower carbon footprint due to the production of pork meat and poultry which have lower GHG emissions due to specific digestion. On the other hand, these regions experience a higher environmental footprint due to the large concentration of waste which could be harmful for local ecosystems. Finally, we use the model to project possible future development up to 2030. Our results show the possible growth of crop and livestock products in most of the regions driven by external demand for food. The extensive scenario shows additional GHG emissions from cropland expansion, while the intensive scenario reveals a larger growth rate accompanied by productivity growth and lower carbon footprint, which is essential in harmonizing the current agricultural and climate policy of Russia
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