129 research outputs found
Static elasticity of cordierite II: effect of molecular channel constituents on the compressibility
No full textTwo natural CO2-rich cordierite samples (1.00 wt% CO2, 0.38 wt% H2O, and 1.65 wt% CO2, 0.15 wt% H2O, respectively) were investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction at ambient and high pressures. The effect of heavy-ion irradiation (Au 2.2 GeV, fluence of 1 × 1012 ions cm-2) on the crystal structure was investigated to characterize the structural alterations complementary to results reported on hydrous cordierite. The linear CO2 molecules sustained irradiation-induced breakdown with small CO2-to-CO conversion rates in contrast to the distinct loss of channel H2O. The maximum CO2 depletion rate corresponds to ~12 ± 5 % (i.e. ~0.87 and ~1.49 wt% CO2 according to the two samples, respectively). The elastic properties of CO2-rich cordierite reveal stiffening due to the CO2 molecules (non-irradiated: isothermal bulk modulus K0 = 120.3 ± 3.7 GPa, irradiated: K0 = 109.7 ± 3.7 GPa), but show the equivalent effect of hydrous cordierite to get softer when irradiated. The degree of anisotropy of axial compressibilities and the anomalous elastic softening at increasing pressure agrees with those reported for hydrous cordierite. Nevertheless, the experimental high-pressure measurements using ethanol-methanol reveal a small hysteresis between compression and decompression, together with the noticeable effect of pressure-induced over-hydration at pressures between 4 and 5 GPa
Static elasticity of cordierite I: Effect of heavy ion irradiation on the compressibility of hydrous cordierite
No full textThe effect of ion beam irradiations on the elastic properties of hydrous cordierite was investigated by means of Raman and X-ray diffraction experiments. Oriented single crystals were exposed to swift heavy ions (Au, Bi) of various specific energies (10.0-11.1 MeV/u and 80 MeV/u), applying fluences up to 5 × 1013 ions/cm2. The determination of unit-cell constants yields a volume strain of 3.4 × 10-3 up to the maximum fluence, which corresponds to a compression of non-irradiated cordierite at ~480 ± 10 MPa. The unit-cell contraction is anisotropic (e1 = 1.4 ± 0.1 × 10-3, e2 = 1.5 ± 0.1 × 10-3, and e3 = 7 ± 1 × 10-4) with the c-axis to shrink only half as much as the axes within the ab-plane. The lattice elasticity for irradiated cordierite (φ{symbol} = 1 × 1012 ions/cm2) was determined from single-crystal XRD measurements in the diamond anvil cell. The fitted third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation-of-state parameters of irradiated cordierite (V0 = 1548.41 ± 0.16 Å3, K0 = 117.1 ± 1.1 GPa, ∂K/∂P = -0.6 ± 0.3) reveal a 10-11 % higher compressibility compared to non-irradiated cordierite. While the higher compressibility is attributed to the previously reported irradiation-induced loss of extra-framework H2O, the anomalous elasticity as expressed by elastic softening (β a-1, β b-1, β c-1 = 397 ± 9, 395 ± 28, 308 ± 11 GPa, ∂(β-1)/∂P = -4.5 ± 2.7, -6.6 ± 8.4, -5.4 ± 3.0) appears to be related to the framework stability and to be independent of the water content in the channels and thus of the ion beam exposure
High-pressure behavior and crystal-fluid interaction under extreme conditions in paulingite [PAU-topology]
No full textThe compressional behavior and the P-induced crystal-fluid interaction of a natural paulingite-K have been explored on the basis of in-situ single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, and in-situ single-crystal Raman spectroscopy with a diamond anvil cell and a series of diverse pressure-transmitting fluids (i.e., silicone-oil, methanol:ethanol = 4:1, methanol:ethanol:water = 16:3:1). No evidence of any phase transition was observed within the P-range investigated, independent on the used P-fluids. The compressional behavior of paulingite is significantly different in response to the different nature of the P-fluids. A drastically lower compressibility is observed when the zeolite is compressed in methanol:ethanol or, even more noticeably, in methanol:ethanol:water mix. We ascribe this phenomenon to the different crystal-fluid interaction at high pressure: (1) silicone-oil is a "non-penetrating" P-medium, because of its polymeric nature, whereas (2) methanol-ethanol and water are "penetrating" P-fluids. The P-induced penetration processes appear to be completely reversible on the basis of the X-ray diffraction data alone. The Raman spectra collected after the high-pressure experiments show, unambiguously, that a residual fraction of methanol (and/or ethanol and probably even extra H2O) still resides in the zeolitic sub-nanocavities; such molecules are spontaneously released after a few days at atmospheric pressure. The actual compressibility of paulingite-K is that obtained by the compression experiment in silicone-oil, with an isothermal bulk modulus K0 = β0-1 = 18.0(1.1) GPa. Paulingite appears to be one of the softest zeolite ever found
Frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnets: Fluctuation-induced first order vs. deconfined quantum criticality
No full textRecently it was argued that quantum phase transitions can be radically different from classical phase transitions with, as a highlight, the "deconfined critical points" exhibiting fractionalization of quantum numbers due to Berry phase effects. Such transitions are supposed to occur in frustrated ("J1-J2") quantum magnets. We have developed a novel renormalization approach for such systems which is fully respecting the underlying lattice structure. According to our findings, another profound phenomenon is around the corner: a fluctuation-induced (order-out-of-disorder) first-order transition. This has to occur for large spin and we conjecture that it is responsible for the weakly first-order behavior recently observed in numerical simulations for frustrated S = 1/2 systems
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