2,906 research outputs found
Economic Logic with Internal Consistency (and Not Only Formal Rigour). Realism and Internal Consistency in Piero Sraffa
No full textAs is well known, during his life Sraffa never published a work explicitly devoted to epistemological issues. This fact should not be
interpreted to indicate Sraffa’s lack of interest in such concerns. From Sraffa’s unpublished manuscripts – kept at the Wren Library of Trinity
College, Cambridge, and from the books of his personal library – we see that Sraffa had a strong interest in questions of philosophy of
8science (Kurz and Salvadori, 2005). Therefore, a reconstruction of Sraffa’s epistemological theory can only be conjectural and must not
leave out of consideration his unpublished manuscripts. In a previous work (Salvadori and Signorino, 2007), we analysed a specific aspect of Sraffa’s epistemology, the threefold relationship between ‘economic reality’, ‘the economist’ and ‘economic theory’, and we focused almost exclusively on the published material and used unpublished manuscripts only sparingly to show that our statements based on the published contributions were confirmed by, or at least consistent with, the unpublished material. In this chapter, we shift our attention to a somewhat related theme, the relevance of the realism of the premises in the assessment of a theory, and we make extensive use of unpublished manuscripts, while being aware of the necessary caution in using material that an author has not published. (Caution is even more significant in the case of an author such as Sraffa who is particularly careful with his choice of words and extremely reluctant to publish anything except after a long period of reflection.)
Alcune note sull'attività pittorica nel mondo romano: profili professionali, "botteghe", tecniche particolari
No full textIl contributo affronta i temi legati alla produzione pittorica nel mondo romano, a partire dal dibattito sulle definizioni di pictor imaginarius e pictor parietarius, all'organizzazione del lavoro in "bottega", all'utilizzo di tecniche particolari per l'esecuzione e l'inserimento di quadri all'interno dei sistemi decorativi parietali
Mysteria darwini: larva rizófaga, danificando soja.
No full textA cultura da soja, à medida que novas áreas são incorporadas para seu cultivo ou que novos sistemas de produção são adotados (a exemplo, o plantio direto e as safrinhas), tem sido alvo da incidência de novas espécies de insetos, potencialmente pragas (Salvadori et al., 2002). No Sul do País, a ocorrência do coró-sulino-da-soja ( - Col., Scarabaeidae) e da cigarrinha-periquito ( - Hem., Membracidae) foi registrada recentemente em soja, sendo estas espécies consideradas pragas potenciais da cultura (Salvadori et al., 2006ab)
Dicaeum misoriense Salvadori
No full text<i>Dicaeum misoriense</i> Salvadori <p> <i>Dicaeum misoriense</i> Salvadori, 1876: 945 (Misori).</p> <p> Now <i>Dicaeum geelvinkianum misoriense</i> Salvadori, 1876. See Hartert, 1920a: 429, Salomonsen, 1960c: 26, and Cheke and Mann, 2008b: 383– 384.</p> <p> SYNTYPES: <b>AMNH 698077</b>, adult male, 20 May 1875 (Salvadori specimen ‘‘e’’); <b>AMNH 698078</b>, adult male, 21 May 1875 (Salvadori specimen ‘‘g’’); <b>AMNH 698079</b>, adult male, 19 May 1875 (Salvadori specimen ‘‘d’’); all collected at Korido, 00.46S, 135.34E (Times Atlas), Biak Island (<i>5</i> Misori), Teluk Cenderawasih (<i>5</i> Geelvink Bay), Papua Province, Indonesia, by Odoardo Beccari. From the Rothschild Collection.</p> <p> COMMENTS: In the original description, Salvadori noted that Beccari collected 10 specimens, nine males and one female; but no type was designated. Salvadori (1881: 275) listed male specimens from ‘‘a’’ to ‘‘i’’ and female specimen ‘‘j.’’ Rothschild and Hartert (1903b: 214) noted that the above three syntypes were marked ‘‘Typus’’ by Salvadori; Hartert (1920a: 429) listed specimen ‘‘e’’ as a ‘‘Cotype’’ (<i>5</i> syntype) of <i>misoriense</i> but failed to list the other two. Salvadori (1881: 275) considered all of these specimens types (<i>5</i> syntypes) of <i>misoriense</i>, and Hartert’s citation of a co-type does not designate a lectotype. There are two additional syntypes in Genova (Arbocco et al., 1979 (1978): 233). The original spelling of this name was <i>misoriense</i> and the date of publication was 1876, contra Hartert (1920a: 429).</p>Published as part of <i>Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333)</i> on page 11
Gracula enganensis Salvadori
No full text<i>Gracula enganensis</i> Salvadori <p> <i>Gracula enganensis</i> Salvadori, 1892: 137 (Engano).</p> <p> Now <i>Gracula enganensis</i> Salvadori, 1892. See Amadon, 1962a: 119, Hoogerwerf, 1963: 155– 158, Feare and Craig, 1999: 147, Dickinson, 2003: 654, and Craig and Feare, 2009: 714.</p> <p> SYNTYPES: <b>AMNH 666757</b>, adult male, collected at Bua-bua, Enggano Island, 05.24S, 102.16E (van Marle and Voous, 1988: 211), Indonesia, on 2 June 1891, by Elio Modigliani (no. 129); <b>AMNH 666758</b>, adult female, collected at Kifa-iuc, Enggano Island, Indonesia, on 6 May 1891, by Elio Modigliani (no. 13). From the Rothschild Collection.</p> <p> COMMENTS: When Salvadori described <i>G. enganensis</i> he had 13 specimens, each denoted by a letter. The male listed above is Salvadori’s specimen ‘‘e’’ and the female is his specimen ‘‘g,’’ and they are so noted on both Modigliani’s and the Rothschild labels. The date on the male was miscopied onto the Rothschild label, the correct date being 2 June 1891. These syntypes had not previously been included in the AMNH type collection. There are also three syntypes in MSNG (Arbocco et al., 1979: 244) and one in RMNH (Dekker and Quaisser, 2006: 50).</p>Published as part of <i>Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393)</i> on page 42, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4629954">http://zenodo.org/record/4629954</a>
B chromosomes in Palinurus gilchristi) (Crustacea, Decapoda).
No full textB chromosomes in {Palinurus gilchristi} (Crustacea, Decapoda)
Coluccia E, Cannas R, Salvadori S, Cau A, Deiana AM
Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia, Università di Cagliari, Italy
We analyzed mitotic and meiotic chromosomes of {Palinurus gilchristi} Stebbing, 1900, a South African spiny lobster exploited by intensive fishery activity. So far the chromosome complement of this species is unknown. Mitotic and meiotic chromosomes from testis tissue were studied. Metaphase plates, obtained by air-drying techniques were Wright’s stained and C-banded.
Late prophases/metaphases I bivalents showed cross, ring and dumb-bell figures; some unpaired chromosomes, completely C-positive, were present. To study the chromosome number, mitotic and metaphase II chromosomes and metaphase I bivalents were counted. Numerical variability was observed (2n=120 ÷132, n=60 ÷ 72), that could be due to the presence of heterochromatic, asynaptic B chromosomes. Two types of Bs have been identified depending on their size: small and micro Bs; their total number varied from 3 to 7.
It is noteworthy that in the two other congeneric species, {P. elephas} and {P. mauritanicus} we studied, B chromosomes with similar morphology have been Among Decapoda, B chromosomes have been found in two Nephropidae species, {Nephrops norvegicus} and {Homarus americanus}
Citotassonomia degli scillaridi mediterranei (Crustacea, Decapoda).
No full textCitotassonomia degli scillaridi mediterranei (Crustacea, Decapoda)
ELISABETTA COLUCCIA, SUSANNA SALVADORI, RITA CANNAS, ANGELA MILIA, ANNA MARIA DEIANA
Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia, Viale Poetto 1, 09126 Cagliari
La famiglia Scyllaridae comprende 4 sottofamiglie e 85 specie; con le famiglie Palinuridae e Synaxidae è stata inclusa nel recente infraordine Achelata. Le informazioni sulla filogenesi di questa famiglia sono poche e si basano esclusivamente su caratteri morfologici. I dati citogenetici sui Decapodi sono scarsi ed in particolare i pochi dati disponibili sugli scillaridi riguardano solo studi preliminari. In questo lavoro presentiamo lo studio del complemento cromosomico di Scyllarus pygmaeus ed un confronto con le altre due specie mediterranee Scyllarides latus e Scyllarus arctus. Le piastre metafasiche sono state ottenute con il metodo diretto dalle gonadi e dall’epatopancreas. La localizzazione dell’eterocromatina costitutiva è stata studiata mediante bandeggio C. Nelle tre specie studiate il complemento cromosomico è costituito da alcuni grandi cromosomi e da numerosi piccoli cromosomi, prevalentemente metacentrici e submetacentrici anche se la morfologia dei cromosomi di piccola dimensione è difficile da identificare. Bande eterocromatiche sono state localizzate nelle regioni centromeriche in tutte le specie; inoltre sono presenti bande specie-specifiche. La determinazione esatta del numero cromosomico è difficile a causa della difficoltà nel conteggio di un gran numero di cromosomi e dei pochi esemplari esaminati. Per questa ragione per ogni specie viene riportato un range di valori. La citogenetica degli scillaridi è da considerarsi ancora ad uno stadio preliminare, da un primo confronto è tuttavia possibile fare alcune considerazioni: S. arctus e S. pygmaeus che appartengono alla sottofamiglia Scyllarinae presentano il numero cromosomico più basso fra gli Achelata finora studiati (70-74) mentre S. latus, unica specie studiata della sottofamiglia Arctidinae, presenta un numero cromosomico circa doppio. Questo dato indicherebbe un differenziamento fra le due sottofamiglie anche da un punto di vista cariologico
Zosterops novae subsp. guineae Salvadori 1878
No full textZosterops novae guineae Salvadori, 1878 Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova, 1878 (12): 341. Current name: Zosterops novaeguineae novaeguineae Salvadori, 1878. Syntype NHMO-BI-86649 [I019616]; Study skin; F; Antonie Augustus Bruijn (b), June 1874; Indonesia: Arfak [Arfak Mountains]; 1.083° S 133.967° E; 16a. Remarks: This specimen was received from Genoa in 1888 and is indicated as ‘tipico’ in the accompanying list (see discussion of Melanocharis chloroptera above). The original label is not present, only a replacement label that has been added at NHMO (Figure 6c). Salvadori (1878) did not specify an exact number of specimens in his original publication, but in Salvadori (1881), he listed eight specimens (a–h) as types of the species. Based on the information available on the current label, the NHMO specimen corresponds to specimen b. Salvadori spelled the specific epithet in two words, ‘ novae guineae’, in both of the mentioned publications, but in accordance with article 32.5.2.2 of the Code (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999) it has later been changed to the current ‘novaeguineae’. Three other syntypes are in MSNG (C.E. 11526–11528; Arbocco et al. 1979), corresponding to specimens e, g and h in Salvadori (1881), and in MRSN specimen a is registered as MZUT Av4174 (Aimassi et al. 2020; Giorgio Aimassi, pers. comm.). A fifth specimen is in RMNH (RMNH 90782, collected by Bruijn in Arfak, 30 January 1876; Dekker & Quaisser 2006). This was not listed by Salvadori (1881), but as Salvadori in his original description wrote that he had examined several specimens collected by Beccari and Bruijn in the Arfak mountains, also this RMNH specimen must be considered part of the type series.Published as part of Johannessen, Lars Erik & Lifjeld, Jan T., 2022, Type specimens of birds in the Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Norway, pp. 451-486 in Zootaxa 5150 (4) on pages 469-470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/662675
Serinus flavigula Salvadori 2013
No full text<i>Serinus flavigula</i> Salvadori <p> <i>Serinus flavigula</i> Salvadori, 1888: 272 (Malcaghebdu).</p> <p> Now <i>Serinus flavigula</i> Salvadori, 1888. See Rand, 1968: 116–119; Erard, 1974; Dickinson, 2003: 747; Fry and Keith, 2004: 484–485; Ash and Atkins, 2009: 365; and Clement, 2010: 524–525.</p> <p> SYNTYPE: <b>AMNH 713268</b>, unsexed, collected at Melka Ghebdu (5 Malca-Ghebdu), 09.31N, 39.56E (Ash and Atkins, 2009: 417), Shewa (5 Shoa), Ethiopia, on 19 February 1885 (not 1886), by Vincenzo Ragazzi (no. 512). From the Rothschild Collection.</p> <p> COMMENTS: This specimen was listed by Salvadori (1888: 272) as one of his three specimens of <i>S. flavigula</i>, although he misread the date as 1886. It bears the original label with the number 512 on it. On the reverse of this label, Salvadori has written: ‘‘ <i>Serinus flavigula</i> Salvad., nov. sp.?’’ (with the? marked out) ‘‘Typical specimen,’’ ‘‘b,’’ and ‘‘7.a.’’ The ‘‘b’’ refers to the letter opposite this specimen in the original description. I do not know the significance of the ‘‘7a.’’</p> <p> This type was not mentioned by Hartert in any of his Rothschild type lists and was apparently first referred to as in AMNH by Erard (1974: 308), after which it was found in the collection by Carlo Violani and added to the AMNH types. Rand (1968) considered <i>S. flavigula</i> to be ‘‘yellow-throated aberrant specimens or mutants’’ of <i>S. atrogularis xanthopygius</i>. Erard (1974: 320–322) thought it was best considered a full species as Irwin (1961: 138–139) had suggested. Subsequent authors have followed them for this very rare species.</p>Published as part of <i>LeCroy, Mary, 2013, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 11. Passeriformes: Parulidae, Drepanididae, Vireonidae, Icteridae, Fringillinae, Carduelinae, Estrildidae, And Viduinae, pp. 1-155 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2013 (381)</i> on pages 61-62, DOI: 10.1206/832.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4611863">http://zenodo.org/record/4611863</a>
The effects of neuropeptide S on general anesthesia in rats
No full textBACKGROUND:
Neuropeptide S (NPS) and its receptor (NPSR) is a novel neuropeptide system that regulates arousal and anxiety. A link between natural sleep and general anesthesia has been suggested. Therefore, we hypothesized that the NPS neuronal system may also modulate general anesthesia.
METHODS:
The effects of intracerebroventricular NPS and [D-Cys(tBu)(5)]NPS, a peptide NPSR antagonist, on ketamine and thiopental anesthesia time were measured in rats. Anesthesia time was defined as the interval between the loss of righting reflex and its recovery.
RESULTS:
Intracerebroventricular NPS 1 to 30 nmol significantly reduced ketamine anesthesia time, showing a bell-shaped dose-response curve. [D-Cys(tBu)(5)]NPS 20 nmol antagonized NPS 1 nmol effects and was per se able to increase ketamine anesthesia time. Similar results were obtained investigating thiopental anesthesia time that was significantly reduced by NPS and prolonged by [D-Cys(tBu)(5)]NPS.
CONCLUSION:
NPS via selective NPSR activation stimulates the wakefulness-promoting pathway, thus reducing anesthesia duration. The endogenous NPS/NPSR system seems to tonically control these pathways
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