118 research outputs found
Support and protection of Greek Agriculture: inter-temporal developments and sectoral diversification
No full textThis paper aims at determining the level of support of Greek agriculture. The calculations are performed on commodity basis over the period 1989-2006. By using an adapted OECD methodology, research findings indicate that the overall support level of Greek agriculture is similar to that of EU though after 2002 diverging trends are observed. A redistribution of the various parts of support is ascertained, whereas livestock production is more supported than crop production. The ratio of market price support to the total value of production seems to explain variations in support levels between Greece and the EU. The need for a critical reappraisal of OECD methodology is stressed.support, protection, agricultural policy, Greek Agriculture, OECD
Dispvtatio Inavgvralis Ivridica De Regvla Catoniana
No full textWittenberg, Univ., Jur. Disp., 1769Praeside Martinos Gottlieb Pauli D. Digest. Veter. Prof. Pvbl. Ord. Cvr. Provinc. Consist. Eccles. Scabinat. Et Facvlt. Ivrid. Assessore Pro Gradv Rite Capessendo Die XIV. Avg. A. R. S. M D CC LXVIIII. Ad Disceptandvm Proposita Ab Ernesto Gottfried Hanisch Dresdensi Advoc. Immatric.Autopsie nach Ex. der ULB Sachsen-AnhaltVorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Vitebergae Ex Officina Gerdesiana
EU Cohesion Policy and the UK Regions: an assessment on the occasion of Brexit
No full textΗ αποχώρηση του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση δίνει την αφορμή για μία αποτίμηση της παρουσίας της Βρετανίας στην ΕΟΚ / ΕΕ και πιο συγκεκριμένα ως προς το σκέλος της περιφερειακής ανάπτυξης της χώρας και της εφαρμογής σε αυτή της πολιτικής συνοχής. Το άρθρο μελετά τη διαχρονική εξέλιξη των περιφερειακών επιδόσεων, τη σχετική θέση της ανάπτυξης των περιφερειών ως προς τον ευρωπαϊκό μέσο όρο και την εν γένει συμβολή της Βρετανίας στην υλοποίηση της πολιτικής συνοχής. Οι επίσημες εκδόσεις της ΕΕ, από την ένταξη έως την αποχώρηση του ΗΒ, προσφέρουν τα απαραίτητα δεδομένα.UK’s withdrawal from the European Union offers an opportunity for a general assessment regarding Britain›s presence in the EEC / EU, and more specifically in terms of the country's regional development and the implementation of cohesion policy. This paper examines the evolution of UK’s regional development over time, the relative position of the British regions in comparison with the European average as well as the contribution of Great Britain to the implementation of EU’s cohesion policy. A series of official EU documents, from UK’s accession to withdrawal, offer us all relevant data
In vivo functional connectome of human brainstem nuclei of the ascending arousal, autonomic, and motor systems by high spatial resolution 7-Tesla fMRI
No full text© 2016, ESMRMB. Objective: Our aim was to map the in vivo human functional connectivity of several brainstem nuclei with the rest of the brain by using seed-based correlation of ultra-high magnetic field functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Materials and methods: We used the recently developed template of 11 brainstem nuclei derived from multi-contrast structural MRI at 7 Tesla as seed regions to determine their connectivity to the rest of the brain. To achieve this, we used the increased contrast-to-noise ratio of 7-Tesla fMRI compared with 3 Tesla and time-efficient simultaneous multi-slice imaging to cover the brain with high spatial resolution (1.1-mm isotropic nominal resolution) while maintaining a short repetition time (2.5 s). Results: The delineated Pearson’s correlation-based functional connectivity diagrams (connectomes) of 11 brainstem nuclei of the ascending arousal, motor, and autonomic systems from 12 controls are presented and discussed in the context of existing histology and animal work. Conclusion: Considering that the investigated brainstem nuclei play a crucial role in several vital functions, the delineated preliminary connectomes might prove useful for future in vivo research and clinical studies of human brainstem function and pathology, including disorders of consciousness, sleep disorders, autonomic disorders, Parkinson’s disease, and other motor disorders
Investigating differential dynamics of the MAPK signaling cascade using a multi-parametric global sensitivity analysis
No full textCell growth critically depends on signalling pathways whose regulation is the focus of intense research. Without utilizing a priori knowledge of the relative importance of pathway components, we have applied in silico computational methods to the EGF-induced MAPK cascade. Specifically, we systematically perturbed the entire parameter space, including initial conditions, using a Monte Carlo approach, and investigate which protein components or kinetic reaction steps contribute to the differentiation of ERK responses. The model, based on previous work by Brightman and Fell (2000), is composed of 28 reactions, 27 protein molecules, and 48 parameters from both mass action and Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Our multi-parametric systems analysis confirms that Raf inactivation is one of the key steps regulating ERK responses to be either transient or sustained. Furthermore, the results of amplitude-differential ERK phosphorylations within the transient case are mainly attributed to the balance between activation and inactivation of Ras while duration-differential ERK responses for the sustained case are, in addition to Ras, markedly affected by dephospho-/phosphorylation of both MEK and ERK. Our sub-module perturbations showed that MEK and ERK's contribution to this differential ERK activation originates from fluctuations in intermediate pathway module components such as Ras and Raf, implicating a cooperative regulatory mode among the key components. The initial protein concentrations of corresponding reactions such as Ras, GAP, and Raf also influence the distinct signalling outputs of ERK activation. We then compare these results with those obtained from a single-parametric perturbation approach using an overall state sensitivity (OSS) analysis. The OSS findings indicate a more pronounced role of ERK's inhibitory feedback effect on catalysing the dissociation of the SOS complex. Both approaches reveal the presence of multiple specific reactions involved in the distinct dynamics of ERK responses and the cell fate decisions they trigger. This work adds a mechanistic insight of the contribution of key pathway components, thus may support the identification of biomarkers for pharmaceutical drug discovery processes.Harvard-MIT (HST) Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and the Department of Radiology at Massachusetts General HospitalNational Institutes of Health (grant CA 113004
Preface of the “Symposium on phase transitions of the Baxter-Wu model and other models with triple-spin interactions”
No full textReal-Time MEG Source Localization Using Regional Clustering
No full textWith its millisecond temporal resolution, Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is well suited for real-time monitoring of brain activity. Real-time feedback allows the adaption of the experiment to the subject’s reaction and increases time efficiency by shortening acquisition and off-line analysis. Two formidable challenges exist in real-time analysis: the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the limited time available for computations. Since the low SNR reduces the number of distinguishable sources, we propose an approach which downsizes the source space based on a cortical atlas and allows to discern the sources in the presence of noise. Each cortical region is represented by a small set of dipoles, which is obtained by a clustering algorithm. Using this approach, we adapted dynamic statistical parametric mapping for real-time source localization. In terms of point spread and crosstalk between regions the proposed clustering technique performs better than selecting spatially evenly distributed dipoles. We conducted real-time source localization on MEG data from an auditory experiment. The results demonstrate that the proposed real-time method localizes sources reliably in the superior temporal gyrus. We conclude that real-time source estimation based on MEG is a feasible, useful addition to the standard on-line processing methods, and enables feedback based on neural activity during the measurements.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant Ba 4858/1-1)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (grants 5R01EB009048 and 2P41EB015896)Universitätsschule Jena (J21)German Academic Exchange Servic
Meckel's diverticulum lithiasis: a case of small bowel obstruction due to a migrated Meckel's Enterolith
No full textWe report a case of small bowel obstruction due to a stone formatted
within a Meckel′s diverticulum, expelled into the lumen and
impacted prior to the ileocecal valve. Only a small number of ileus due
to Meckel′s diverticulum lithiasis has been described in the
literature. Meckel′s diverticulum as congenital out-pouchings of
the small bowel can be liable to bleeding, perforation, obstruction and
rarely to enterolith formation. Extrusion of the stone from the
diverticulum can lead to acute small bowel obstruction. In patients
presenting with acute mechanical small bowel obstruction without an
obvious cause, Meckel′s lithiasis should be included in the
differential diagnosis
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