3,655 research outputs found
Interstate Commerce Commision, Report of the Accident Investigation Occuring on the PIEDMONT AND NORTHERN, GREER, S. C.
No full texthttps://doi.org/10.21949/15097911955PDFTech ReportDerailmentsRailroad crashesRailroad trainsUnited StatesSouth CarolinaUnited States. Interstate Commerce CommissionUnited States. Interstate Commerce CommissionInvestigations of Railroad Accidents 1911 \u2013 1993PIEDMONT AND NORTHERN in GREER, S. C.90
Papuascincus Allison & Greer 1986
No full textPAPUASCINCUS ALLISON & GREER (CLADE IV) (FIG. 5; SUPPORTING INFORMATION, FIG. S6; TABLE 1) Papuascincus Allison & Greer, 1986. Journal of Herpetology 20(1): 116–119. Type species: Lygosoma stanleyanum Boulenger, 1897, by original designation. Diagnosis: Medium-sized (adult SVL 36.3–67.8 mm) terrestrial skinks with short forelimbs (forelimbs 25.1– 38.9% of SVL) and moderately long hindlimbs (33.6– 49.6% of SVL); lobules present on anterior edge of ear opening; single pair of chin shields in medial contact; three supralabials posterior to subocular supralabial; chin shields abutting infralabials; lower eyelid with semitransparent window; standard three-scale temporal region; nasal scale divided by a horizontal suture extending posteriorly from the nostril; frontoparietals fused; oviparous; clutch size two; pustulate egg shells. Papuascincus differs from all other genera by having pustulate egg shells and a divided (vs. undivided) nasal scale. It further differs from Nubeoscincus, Prasinohaema and Lobulia by having one pair of chin shields in medial contact (vs. two pairs) and an oviparous (vs. viviparous) reproductive mode. It further differs from Nubeoscincus and Prasinohaema by having the standard three-scale temporal region (vs. fragmented temporal region) and the chin shields abutting the infralabials (vs. chin shields separated from infralabials by a row of genials). It further differs from Prasinohaema by lacking green blood serum and tissues (Greer, 1974), a prehensile tail with a glandular tip and basally expanded subdigital lamellae. Species included: Papuascincus buergersi (Vogt, 1932); Papuascincus morokanus (Parker, 1936); Papuascincus phaeodes (Vogt, 1932); Papuascincus stanleyanus (Boulenger, 1897). D i s t r i b u t i o n: M e m b e r s o f Pa p u a s c i n c u s a r e widespread across montane regions of New Guinea, ranging from the Papuan Peninsula to the Central Highlands in Papua Province (Indonesia). Remarks: The genus Papuascincus most likely contains more species than currently recognized (Slavenko et al., 2020). However, members of the genus appear to be more morphologically conservative than the other genera described in this manuscript. A full taxonomic revision of Papuascincus is underway.Published as part of Slavenko, Alex, Tamar, Karin, Tallowin, Oliver J S, Kraus, Fred, Allison, Allen, Carranza, Salvador & Meiri, Shai, 2022, Revision of the montane New Guinean skink genus Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae), with the description of four new genera and nine new species, pp. 220-278 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 (1) on page 239, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab052, http://zenodo.org/record/653069
SU-E-J-235: Audiovisual Biofeedback Improves the Correlation Between Internal and External Respiratory Motion
No full textA New Multiplicative Decomposition For The Foster-Greer-Thorbecke Poverty Indices
No full textThis paper identifies a multiplicative decomposition for the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty indices as a product of the three components which should be involved in every poverty index: the incidence of poverty, measured by the headcount ratio, the intensity of poverty, measured by the aggregate income gap ratio and the inequality among the poor measured by an increasing transformation of the corresponding inequality index of the Generalized Entropy family. Then, taking data from the Spanish Household Budget Surveys (SHB) as a basis we show the advantages and possibilities of this framework in regard to completing and detailing information in studies of poverty over time.Poverty Measurement, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty indices, Multiplicative Decomposition.
Prasinohaema GREER 1974
No full text<i>PRASINOHAEMA</i> GREER, 1974 <p>(CLADE II)</p> <p> (FIG. 5; SUPPORTING INFORMATION, FIG. S6; TABLE 1) <i>Prasinohaema</i> Greer, 1974. <i>Australian Journal of Zoology Supplementary Series</i> (31): 1–67.</p> <p> <i>Type species:</i> <i>Lygosoma flavipes</i> Parker, 1936, by original designation.</p> <p> <i>Diagnosis:</i> Large (adult SVL up to 103 mm; Meiri, 2018) arboreal skinks with short limbs (forelimbs 27.7–31.4% of SVL, hindlimbs 29.9–34.1% of SVL); lobules present on anterior edge of ear opening; two pairs of chin shields in medial contact; three supralabials posterior to subocular supralabial; chin shields separated from infralabials by a row of genials; lower eyelid with window variable in size, opaqueness and scaliness; temporal region fragmented (> 3 scales); nasal scale undivided; frontoparietals unfused; viviparous; litter size 2–9; green blood serum and tissues; tail prehensile with a glandular tip; subdigital lamellae greatly expanded basally.</p> <p> <i>Prasinohaema</i> differs from <i>Lobulia</i> and <i>Papuascincus</i> by having green blood serum and tissues (Greer, 1974), a prehensile tail with a glandular tip and basally expanded subdigital lamellae, by having the chin shields separated from the infralabials by a row of genials (vs. chin shields abutting the infralabials) and by having a fragmented temporal region (vs. the standard three-scale arrangement). It further differs from <i>Papuascincus</i> by having two pairs of chin shields in medial contact (vs. one), unfused (vs. fused) frontoparietals, an undivided (vs. divided) nasal scale and by its viviparous (vs. oviparous) reproductive mode.</p> <p> <i>Species included:</i> <i>Prasinohaema flavipes</i> (Parker, 1936); <i>Prasinohaema prehensicauda</i> (Loveridge, 1897).</p> <p> <i>Species incertae sedis:</i> <i>Prasinohaema parkeri</i> (Smith, 1937) was originally placed in <i>Prasinohaema</i> by Greer (1974), seemingly based on having basally enlarged subdigital lamellae and transverse cross-bands on the dorsum, a coloration pattern it shares with <i> Pr. prehensicauda and <i>Pr. flavipes</i>, but also with <i>Pr. semoni</i> which is phylogenetically distant from the former two species (Fig. 1). However, no information was given in Smith (1937) regarding the condition of its tail or the colour of its blood serum or tissues, data for the latter of which would not have been available for Greer in his revision (Greer, 1974) since the species was never collected after its original description. Furthermore, <i>Pr. parkeri</i> lacks lobules on the anterior edge of the ear opening and has a unique arrangement of the frontal (contacting the three vs. two anteriormost supraoculars) and prefrontals (fused with the anterior loreals). <i>Pr. parkeri</i> is only known from its type specimen (Meiri <i>et al.</i>, 2018) collected in the Utakwa River (Smith, 1937), presumably along the southern slopes of the Sudirman Range (Wollaston, 1914). Although the presence of basally expanded subdigital lamellae and cross-bands may suggest an affinity with <i>Pr. prehensicauda</i> and <i>Pr. flavipes</i>, these traits are also common in at least some other New Guinean skinks (e.g. basally expanded subdigital lamellae in <i>Li. longiceps</i>, cross-bands and basally expanded subdigital lamellae in <i>Pr. semoni</i>), and therefore its placement in <i>Prasinohaema</i> is uncertain. Similarly, the presence of green blood serum and tissues alone would not be enough to place it in <i>Prasinohaema</i>, as both <i>Pr. semoni</i> and <i>Pr. virens</i> possess this trait but are otherwise morphologically and phylogenetically distant from <i>Pr. prehensicada</i> and <i>Pr. flavipes</i> (Figs 1–2).</i> </p> <p> <i>Distribution:</i> The two species in the genus (<i>Pr. flavipes</i> and <i>Pr. prehensicauda</i>) are widespread in the montane regions of Papua New Guinea. <i>Prasinohaema prehensicauda</i> is present in the New Guinea Highlands and on the Papuan Peninsula, whereas <i>Pr. flavipes</i> also occurs on the Huon Peninsula.</p> <p> <i>Remarks:</i> Two other species are currently assigned to the genus <i>Prasinohaema</i>: <i>Pr. semoni</i> and <i>Pr. virens</i>. These species emerge in our analyses as phylogenetically distant from the type species of the genus, <i>Pr. flavipes</i> (Fig. 1; Rodriguez <i>et al.</i>, 2018), rendering the former concept of the genus polyphyletic. They also differ widely morphologically (Fig. 2), reproductively (<i>Pr. virens</i> is oviparous, whereas <i>Pr. semoni</i>, <i>Pr. flavipes</i> and <i>Pr. prehensicauda</i> are viviparous; Fig. 2) and in elevational range (<i>Pr. semoni</i> and <i>Pr. virens</i> are lowland species, whereas <i>Pr. flavipes</i> and <i>Pr. prehensicauda</i> are montane species; Fig. 4). Many of these differences, particularly in <i>Pr. virens</i>, were mentioned by Greer even in his original description of the genus (Greer, 1974). Therefore, we stress that <i>Prasinohaema</i> is in need of taxonomic revision. <i>Prasinohaema semoni</i> and <i>Pr. virens</i> likely need to be assigned to new genera, although this is beyond the scope of the current work.</p>Published as part of <i>Slavenko, Alex, Tamar, Karin, Tallowin, Oliver J S, Kraus, Fred, Allison, Allen, Carranza, Salvador & Meiri, Shai, 2022, Revision of the montane New Guinean skink genus Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae), with the description of four new genera and nine new species, pp. 220-278 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195 (1)</i> on pages 234-237, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab052, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/6530695">http://zenodo.org/record/6530695</a>
Insensitive Fat Suppression at 3T: Application to MR Neurography of Brachial Plexus
No full textFull text access from Treasures at UT Dallas is restricted to current UTD affiliates (use the provided Link to Article).BACKGROUND: The 3D short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence is routinely used in clinical MRI to achieve robust fat suppression. However, the performance of the commonly used adiabatic inversion pulse, hyperbolic secant (HS), is compromised in challenging areas with increased B₀ and B₁ inhomogeneities, such as brachial plexus at 3T.
PURPOSE: To demonstrate the frequency offset corrected inversion (FOCI) pulse as an efficient fat suppression STIR pulse with increased robustness to B₀ and B₁ inhomogeneities at 3T, compared to the HS pulse.
STUDY TYPE: Prospective.
SUBJECTS/PHANTOM: Initial evaluation was performed in phantoms and one healthy volunteer by varying the B₁ field, while subsequent comparison was performed in three healthy volunteers and five patients without varying the B₁.
FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3T; 3D TSE-STIR with HS and FOCI pulses.
ASSESSMENT: Brachial plexus images were qualitatively evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists independently using a four-point grading scale for fat suppression, shading artifacts, and nerve visualization.
STATISTICAL TEST: The Wilcoxon signed-rank test with P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Simulations and phantom experiments demonstrated broader bandwidth (2.5 kHz vs. 0.83 kHz, increased B₀ robustness) at the same adiabatic threshold and lower adiabatic threshold (5 μT vs. 7 μT at 3.5 ppm, increased B₁ robustness) at the same bandwidth with the FOCI pulse compared to the HS pulse. With increased bandwidth, the FOCI pulse achieved robust fat suppression even at 50% of maximum B₁ strength, while the HS pulse required > 75% of maximum B₁ strength. Compared to the standard 3D TSE-STIR with HS pulse, the FOCI pulse achieved uniform fat suppression (P < 0.05), better nerve visualization (P < 0.05), and minimal shading artifacts (P < 0.01) in brachial plexus at 3T.
DATA CONCLUSION: The FOCI pulse has increased robustness to B₀ and B₁ inhomogeneities, compared to the HS
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1.
TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Scienc
Characterization of supercooled liquid Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub> and its crystallization by ultrafast-heating calorimetry
No full textDifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is widely used to study the stability of amorphous solids, characterizing the kinetics of crystallization close to the glass-transition temperature Tg. We apply ultrafast DSC to the phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) and show that if the range of heating rates is extended to more than 104 K s-1, the analysis can cover a wider temperature range, up to the point where the crystal growth rate approaches its maximum. The growth rates that can be characterized are some four orders of magnitude higher than in conventional DSC, reaching values relevant for the application of GST as a data-storage medium. The kinetic coefficient for crystal growth has a strongly non-Arrhenius temperature dependence, revealing that supercooled liquid GST has a high fragility. Near Tg there is evidence for decoupling of the crystal-growth kinetics from viscous flow, matching the behaviour for a fragile liquid suggested by studies on oxide and organic systems
Audiovisual biofeedback improves the correlation between surrogates and tumour motion for lung cancer
No full text
Starfish saponin part LVI. Three new asterosaponins from the starfish Goniopecten demonstrans
No full textThree new steroidal sulfate pentaglycosides (asterosaponins), goniopectenosides A-C (1-3), were isolated from the polar extract of the starfish Goniopecten demonstrans. The pentasaccharide moiety linked to C-6 of 3 beta -sulfated steroidal aglycones, consists of D-xylose, D-fucose, D-quinovose, and the unprecedented 3-O-methyl-D-quinovose. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR experiments as well as chemical evidence. The isolated asterosaponins have been found to significantly inhibit the settlement of the biofouling marine brown macroalga Hincksia irregularis
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