14,058 research outputs found
Improving control panel consistency of wizard of oz design and evaluation studies
No full textThis paper investigates how a Wizard of Oz (WoZ) control panel could be developed to improve ‘between-subject’ consistency. To achieve this we conducted a comparative study of two control panels. Both control panels were used by the experimenter to ostensibly facilitate the design and evaluation of a novel domestic planning application allowing members of a family to coordinate a range of social arrangements and tasks. Based on video analysis and semi-formal interviews, the control panels as reliable design and evaluation tools were assessed. Results suggested that the component-separated control panel could obviously improve operational effectiveness thus enhancing system consistency
Designing intelligent domestic applications using wizard of oz methodology
No full textIn this paper we consider how ‘smartness’ should be designed to enhance the communication in the home. We aim to evoke a rethinking of how smart technologies should be embedded in perspectives of user needs. Through a set of experimental studies, which employ a Wizard of Oz (WoZ) as design and evaluation methodology, we observe and analyse user interactions accordingly with the wizard’s simulations. Based on experiment results, our argument is, designing smartness for communication in the home should not heavily rely on invisibly distributed sensors and networks due to interaction design misunderstandings that a large number of sensors and networks can make ambient intelligence with few user understandings. The results also argue that, smartness can be realised by first improving the integration of personal information into the environments, which is closely relevant to social routines
Improving prototype consistence for wizard-of-oz simulations and evaluations
No full textIn this paper we describe a study of the technique of Wizard of Oz (WoZ) in perspectives of
maintaining the simulation consistence for domestic communication evaluations. This study employs evaluation methodologies such like heuristic evaluations and video analysis to compare and review the consistence during WoZ experiments. In specific, we address this consistence study through rapid prototype designs and iterative evaluations. Series of prototypes were developed based on our domestic communication platform and these prototype features were compared across iterative
evaluations. The consequences of our prototype development and experimental evaluations show that
the role of the wizard is vital to the effectiveness of WoZ studies, and variables which relate to the wizard’s operations such like personal preferences and interaction paces need to be carefully addressed to improve the consistence of system simulations. The conclusions of this study are based on comparisons of different control panel designs for the wizard, which indicate that simulation
consistence can be augmented through interfaces with specific flexibility and customisations
Designing intelligent domestic applications using wizard of oz methodology
No full textIn this paper we consider how ‘smartness’ should be designed to enhance the communication in the home. We aim to evoke a rethinking of how
smart technologies should be embedded in perspectives of user needs. Through a
set of experimental studies, which employ a Wizard of Oz (WoZ) as design and
evaluation methodology, we observe and analyse user interactions accordingly
with the wizard’s simulations. Based on experiment results, our argument is,
designing smartness for communication in the home should not heavily rely on
invisibly distributed sensors and networks due to interaction design
misunderstandings that a large number of sensors and networks can make ambient
intelligence with few user understandings. The results also argue that, smartness
can be realised by first improving the integration of personal information into the
environments, which is closely relevant to social routines
Improving the reliability and validity of wizard-of-oz methods
No full textWizard-of-Oz (WoZ) is a flexible, efficient and cost-economic method to the design and evaluation of interaction systems, particularly such of natural dialogue and smart systems. However, the literature review in the beginning of this research indicated that researchers struggled to implement WoZ and be able to gain reliable and valid experimental results in terms of system facilitation consistency; and WoZ has been criticised for a lack of systematic assessment of influence variables, especially when it was used to study new emerging information and communication technologies. Hence, this research aimed to understand and improve the reliability and validity of WoZ.
The research consisted of a series of empirical studies to incrementally deepen the understanding of influence variables. The main body of research comprised studies investigating (1) the impact of schema as WoZ study guidelines, (2) the impact of control panel in system facilitation, (3) the variables affecting evaluator’s interpretation of schema, control panel and subject activity, and (4) the differences in multiple evaluators’ system facilitation.
The results indicated that neither rigorous nor general schemas supported highly reliable system facilitation; rather, schemas should be accordingly proposed on the base of predictable or unpredictable user interactions. Also the results revealed the hidden relationships between control panel and system facilitation through identifying the control panel influence factors such like layouts and functions and their connections with system facilitation. Additionally, despite the difficulty of synchronising evaluators’ individual expertise and experiences was admitted, the research findings suggested practical measurements to address the individual differences at acceptable levels through applying additional assistance and constraints to evaluator’s system facilitation judgement and execution. And the results also provided secondary understanding towards smart system design for domestic communication and the development of WoZ system
Improving the Reliability and Validity of Wizard of-Oz Methods
No full textWizard-of-Oz (WoZ) is a flexible, efficient and cost-economic method to the design and evaluation of interaction systems, particularly such of natural dialogue and smart systems. However, the literature review in the beginning of this research indicated that researchers struggled to implement WoZ and be able to gain reliable and valid experimental results in terms of system facilitation consistency; and WoZ has been criticised for a lack of systematic assessment of influence variables, especially when it was used to study new emerging information and communication technologies. Hence, this research aimed to understand and improve the reliability and validity of WoZ.
The research consisted of a series of empirical studies to incrementally deepen the understanding of influence variables. The main body of research comprised studies investigating (1) the impact of schema as WoZ study guidelines, (2) the impact of control panel in system facilitation, (3) the variables affecting evaluator’s interpretation of schema, control panel and subject activity, and (4) the differences in multiple evaluators’ system facilitation.
The results indicated that neither rigorous nor general schemas supported highly reliable system facilitation; rather, schemas should be accordingly proposed on the base of predictable or unpredictable user interactions. Also the results revealed the hidden relationships between control panel and system facilitation through identifying the control panel influence factors such like layouts and functions and their connections with system facilitation. Additionally, despite the difficulty of synchronising evaluators’ individual expertise and experiences was admitted, the research findings suggested practical measurements to address the individual differences at acceptable levels through applying additional assistance and constraints to evaluator’s system facilitation judgement and execution. And the results also provided secondary understanding towards smart system design for domestic communication and the development of WoZ system
DFKI Oz User's Manual
No full textDFKI Oz is an interactive implementation of Oz, a high-level programming language designed for concurrent symbolic computation. DFKI Oz features a programming interface based on GNU Emacs, a concurrent browser, an object-oriented interface to Tcl/Tk, powerful interoperability features (sockets, C, C++), an incremental compiler, a garbage collector, and support for stand-alone applications. Performance is competitive with commercial Prolog and Lisp systems. DFKI Oz is available for many platforms running Unix/X, including Sun SPARC systems and 80x86 PCs running Linux. This document describes DFKI Oz from the user's perspective, giving information about the programming environment, efficiency issues, stand-alone applications, the interface to C and C++, and the installation of the system. This User's Manual corresponds to release 1.1 of the DFKI Oz system
An 8-bit 800 MS/s Voltage and Time Domain Hybrid ADC Design
No full textThe main goal of this work is to have a suitable ADC design that is going to be used as the unit converter in a time interleaved ADC structure for higher conversion rates. To keep the input capacitance at minimum while preserving high conversion speed, a hybrid structure of time based ADC and a flash ADC conversion scheme is utilized. A new time to digital converter (TDC) with free running oscillator as time domain quantizer is introduced instead of using a conventional voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to relax the oscillator design constraints. Several circuit techniques are introduced to minimize the non-ideal effects coming from the voltage and time domain converter discrepancy.
A proof-of-concept test chip of 8-bit 800 MS/s ADC circuit is designed and taped out in TSMC 65nm CMOS technology node with 1.2V supply voltage. The chip measurements point to some design flaws that are addressed and noted to be corrected for a possible improved second version of the chip to be taped out.The main goal of this work is to have a suitable ADC design that is going to be used as the unit converter in a time interleaved ADC structure for higher conversion rates. To keep the input capacitance at minimum while preserving high conversion speed, a hybrid structure of time based ADC and a flash ADC conversion scheme is utilized. A new time to digital converter (TDC) with free running oscillator as time domain quantizer is introduced instead of using a conventional voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to relax the oscillator design constraints. Several circuit techniques are introduced to minimize the non-ideal effects coming from the voltage and time domain converter discrepancy.
A proof-of-concept test chip of 8-bit 800 MS/s ADC circuit is designed and taped out in TSMC 65nm CMOS technology node with 1.2V supply voltage. The chip measurements point to some design flaws that are addressed and noted to be corrected for a possible improved second version of the chip to be taped out
ORO staining of brains following clearing protocols
No full textWe wanted to assess lipid content in cryosections, in control brains and following clearing treatments.We show raw images of ORO-stained sections, arranged in folders by the clearing treatment. An excel spreadsheet show the calculated intensity of each image, normalized to control group per experiment. Representative images presented in Data in Brief are all from experiment #1.Cryosections (mounted on microscope slides) were immersed in 0.3 % ORO in 60 % isopropanol (cat #: O0625, Sigma-Aldrich) and incubated 12 hrs at RT, then washed three times in PBS
Fred Krebs as L. Frank Baum, author of The Wizard of Oz
No full textFred Krebs performs an historical impersonation of L. Frank Braun (1856-1919), author of the book, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. This event was sponsored by the Kansas Humanities Council
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