124 research outputs found
Aberrant expression of the Th2 cytokine IL-21 in Hodgkin lymphoma cells regulates STAT3 signaling and attracts T-reg cells via regulation of MIP-3 alpha
No full textThe malignant Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are derived from mature B cells, but have lost a considerable part of the B cell-specific gene expression pattern. Consequences of such a lineage infidelity for lymphoma pathogenesis are currently not defined. Here, we report that HRS cells aberrantly express the common cytokine-receptor gamma-chain (gamma(c)) cytokine IL-21, which is usually restricted to a subset of CD4(+) T cells, and the corresponding IL-21 receptor. We demonstrate that IL-21 activates STAT3 in HRS cells, up-regulates STAT3 target genes, and protects HRS cells from CD95 death receptor induced apoptosis. Furthermore, IL-21 is involved in up-regulation of the CC chemokine macrophage-inflammatory protein-3 alpha (MIP-3 alpha) inHRScells. MIP-3 alpha in turn attracts CCR6(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)CD127(lo) regulatory T cells toward HRS cells, which might favor their immune escape. Together, these data support the concept that aberrant expression of B lineage-inappropriate genes plays an important role for the biology of HL tumor cells
A new broccoli × broccoli immortal mapping population and framework genetic map: tools for breeders and complex trait analysis
Get PDFA unique broccoli x broccoli doubled haploid (DH) population has been created from the F-1 of a cross between two DH broccoli lines derived from cultivars Green Duke and Marathon. We genotyped 154 individuals from this population with simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers to create a B. oleracea L. var. italica 'intra-crop' specific framework linkage map. The map is composed of nine linkage groups with a total length of 946.7 cM. Previous published B. oleracea maps have been constructed using diverse crosses between morphotypes of B. oleracea; this map therefore represents a useful breeding resource for the dissection of broccoli specific traits. Phenotype data have been collected from the population over five growing seasons; the framework linkage map has been used to locate quantitative trait loci for agronomically important broccoli traits including head weight (saleable yield), head diameter, stalk diameter, weight loss and relative weight loss during storage, as well as traits for broccoli leaf architecture. This population and associated linkage map will aid breeders to directly map agronomically important traits for the improvement of elite broccoli cultivars
Chromosomal rearrangements involving the BCL3 locus are recurrent in classical Hodgkin and peripheral T-cell lymphoma
No full textIn a recent issue of Blood, Mathas et al suggested elevated BCL3 expression to be functionally important in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). The authors reported strong BCL3 protein expression in the vast majority of cHLs and a subset of PTCLs.1 These results corroborated similar immunohistochemical findings by Canoz et al.
Mathas et al reported chromosomal gains of the BCL3 locus in chromosome band 19q13 as a potential cause of BCL3 upregulation in 3 of 6 cHL cell lines and 8 of 37 PTCLs. Here, we provide evidence that not only chromosomal gains but also translocations affecting the BCL3 locus are recurrent in cHL and PTCL. [beginning of text
General runner removal and the Mullineux map
No full textAbstractWe prove a new ‘runner removal theorem’ for q-decomposition numbers of the level 1 Fock space of type Ae−1(1), generalising earlier theorems of James–Mathas and the author. By combining this with another theorem relating to the Mullineux map, we show that the problem of finding all q-decomposition numbers indexed by partitions of a given weight is a finite computation
On the structure of cyclotomic Nazarov–Wenzl algebras
No full textAbstractAriki, Mathas and Rui [S. Ariki, A. Mathas, H. Rui, Cyclotomic Nazarov–Wenzl algebras, Nagoya Math. J. 182 (2006) 47–134 (special volume in honor of Professor G. Lusztig)] introduced a class of finite dimensional algebras Wr,n, called the cyclotomic Nazarov–Wenzl algebras which are associative algebras over a commutative ring R generated by {Si,Ei,Xj∣1≤i<n and 1≤j≤n} satisfying the defining relations given in this paper. In particular, Ei2=ω0Ei for any positive integers i≤n−1. Note that Wr,n′s are quotients of affine Wenzl algebras in [M. Nazarov, Young’s orthogonal form for Brauer’s centralizer algebra, J. Algebra 182 (1996) 664–693]. It has been proved in the first cited reference above that Wr,n is cellular in the sense of [J.J. Graham, G.I. Lehrer, Cellular algebras, Invent. Math. 123 (1996) 1–34]. Using the representation theory of cellular algebras, Ariki, Mathas and Rui have classified the irreducible Wr,n-modules under the assumption ω0≠0 in their above-cited work. In this paper, we are going to classify the irreducible Wr,n-modules under the assumption ω0=0. We will compute the Gram determinant associated to each cell module for Wr,n no matter whether ω0 is zero or not. At the end of this paper, we use our formulae for Gram determinants to determine the semisimplicity of Wr,n for arbitrary parameters over an arbitrary field F with charF≠2
Aberrant expression of Notch1 interferes with the B-lymphoid phenotype of neoplastic B cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma
No full textPlasticity of committed mouse B cells has been demonstrated by inactivation of the B-cell commitment transcription factor PAX5, resulting in loss of the B-cell phenotype and differentiation into various hematopoietic lineages. Furthermore, mature mouse B cells could be reprogrammed into macrophages by overexpression of myeloid-specific transcription factors. Here, we report that aberrant activity of the transmembrane receptor, Notch1, interferes with the B-lymphoid phenotype of mature human germinal center-derived B cells in Hodgkin lymphoma, so called Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. They have lost the B-cell phenotype despite their mature B-cell origin. Notch1 remodels the B-cell transcription factor network by antagonizing the key transcription factors E2A and early B-cell factor (EBF). Through this mechanism, B lineage-specific genes were suppressed and B lineage-inappropriate genes were induced. We provide evidence that absence of the Notch inhibitor Deltex1 contributes to deregulated Notch activity in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. These data suggest that Notch activation interferes with dedifferentiation of neoplastic B cells in Hodgkin lymphoma
A Specht filtration of an induced Specht module
No full textAbstractLet Hn be a (degenerate or non-degenerate) Hecke algebra of type G(ℓ,1,n), defined over a commutative ring R with one, and let S(μ) be a Specht module for Hn. This paper shows that the induced Specht module S(μ)⊗HnHn+1 has an explicit Specht filtration
Some Generic Representations, W-Graphs, and Duality
No full textAbstractThis paper begins by generalising the notion of a "W-graph" to show that the W-graph data determine not one but four closely related representations of the generic Hecke algebra of an arbitrary Coxeter group. Canonical "Kazhdan-Lusztig bases" are then constructed for several families of ideals inside the Hecke algebra of a finite Coxeter system (W, S). In particular for each J ⊆ S we construct the left cell module corresponding to the "top" left cell CJ as a submodule of the Hecke algebra and give a precise description of its canonical basis. In the case of the symmetric group it is shown that every irreducible representation arises as a top cell representation. Finally, analogues of the representations considered are discussed for the case of an infinite Coxeter group
The pathogenesis of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma: a model for B-cell plasticity
No full textIt has been shown that differentiated lymphoid cells can display a broad developmental potential and might even differentiate into other cell types. Recent data implicate such processes in the pathogenesis of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). In the malignant, B cell-derived Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of HL the expression of B cell-specific genes is lost, and B lineage-inappropriate genes are up-regulated. Experimental evidence has been presented in recent years that functional disruption of the B lineage�specific transcription factor program contributes to this process. HRS cells might be reprogrammed into cells resembling undifferentiated progenitor cells, which might offer an explanation for the unique HL phenotype and demonstrate a high degree of plasticity of human lymphoid cells
Aberrantly expressed c-Jun and JunB are a hallmark of Hodgkin lymphoma cells, stimulate proliferation and synergize with NF-kappaB
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