109 research outputs found
The role of the reporting framework MIATA within current efforts to advance immune monitoring.
No full textResponse definition criteria for ELISPOT assays revisited
No full textNo consensus has been reached on how to determine if an immune response has been detected based on raw data from an ELISPOT assay. The goal of this paper is to enable investigators to understand and readily implement currently available methods for response determination. We describe empirical and statistical approaches, identifying the strengths and limitations of each approach to allow readers to rationally select and apply a scientifically sound method appropriate to their specific laboratory setting. Five representative approaches were applied to data sets from the CIMT Immunoguiding Program and the response detection and false positive rates were compared. Simulation studies were also performed to compare empirical and statistical approaches. Based on these, we recommend the use of a non-parametric statistical test. Further, we recommend that six medium control wells or four wells each for both medium control and experimental conditions be performed to increase the sensitivity in detecting a response, that replicates with large variation in spot counts be filtered out, and that positive responses arising from experimental spot counts below the estimated limit of detection be interpreted with caution. Moreover, a web-based user interface was developed to allow easy access to the recommended statistical methods. This interface allows the user to upload data from an ELISPOT assay and obtain an output file of the binary response
Fragebogenentwicklung zur Lebensgestaltung
No full text"Die soziologische Forschung zum Wohlbefinden fragt nach der Bedeutung einzelner Bereiche des Lebens für die Zufriedenheit der Menschen. Dabei ist zum einen eine allgemeine Einschätzung der Zufriedenheit dieser Bereiche interessant, zum anderen auch die Gewichtung der Bereiche für diese Zufriedenheit. Diese Herangehensweise kann sich die Sozialpsychologie zunutze machen, indem sie solche Fragestellungen auf der Ebene des Individuums stellt. Der Fragebogen zur Lebensgestaltung zeigt eine Möglichkeit auf, wie die beiden Untersuchungsebenen der allgemeinen soziologischen Wichtigkeits-Einschätzung und der individuellen Gewichtung mithilfe eines einzigen Fragebogens sinnvoll erfasst werden können."[Autorenreferat]"Questionnaire Development: A Lifestyle Orientation Scale
Sociological research on well-being discusses the impact that the spheres of life have on people’s contentment. This concerns both an overall estimation of their well-being and the importance of these spheres for such a well-being. Social psychology may adopt this approach and apply it to the individual level. The Lifestyle Orientation Scale presents a way to cover the two fields of interest, the general sociological importance-ratings and the individual social psychological differentiation of these ratings, in one questionnaire."[author´s abastract
Metabolic Monitoring for Adults Living with a Serious Mental Illness on a Second-Generation Antipsychotic Agent: A Scoping Review
No full textPremature mortality in people living with a severe mental illness (SMI) is often attributed to multiple factors including the use of medicines such as antipsychotics. Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are known to cause metabolic syndrome which can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Practice guidelines have recommended regular physical health monitoring, particularly of metabolic parameters, however, metabolic monitoring for people living with SMI using antipsychotics remains suboptimal. Therefore, highlighting the need for ongoing research. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of current metabolic monitoring practices. We anticipate that this information will assist clinicians and policymakers and inform future research. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews (Wiley), APA PsycInfo (Ovid) and Scopus (Elsevier Science Publishers). The target group was adults (aged ≥ 18) diagnosed with SMI (including bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and psychotic disorders) and taking SGAs. In total, 44 studies from 14 countries were retrieved. Our findings highlighted that most studies conducted in hospitals did not report on metabolic monitoring practices. Additionally, the roles and responsibilities of healthcare professionals in metabolic monitoring for SMI were infrequently described and parameters such as waist circumference and BMI were often poorly monitored. The scoping review highlights that no streamlined approach towards metabolic monitoring currently exists. There is a need to stipulate and define the roles and responsibilities of all health professionals involved in metabolic monitoring in SMI to optimise care for these individuals. Moreover, there is a need for ongoing research, particularly in the community setting, to promote increased accessibility to metabolic monitoring for SMI.Full Tex
Tholerosoma monteithi Mesibov, 2006, n. sp.
No full textTholerosoma monteithi n. sp. Figs. 3, 4, 5 A, 5 D, 5 E, 6 B; map Fig. 7 Holotype: Male, Downey Creek Road, Palmerston National Park, 17 ° 36 ’ 30 "S 145 ° 46 ’E, 30.xi. 1992 – 15.iv. 1993, R. & S. Raven, P. & E. Lawless, pitfall NQ 11 a, QM S 73973. Paratypes: 2 males, 1 female, details as for holotype, QM S 73974; 3 males, Bluewater Range, 45 km WNW of Townsville, 19 ° 12 ’S 146 ° 24 ’E, 600–700 m, 6–8.xii. 1986, G. Monteith, G. Thompson & S. Hamlet, QM S 73975; male, Bluewater Range, 45 km WNW of Townsville, 19 ° 12 ’S 146 ° 24 ’E, 750 m, 7.xii. 1986 – 16.ii. 1987, G. Monteith, G. Thompson & S. Hamlet, rainforest, pitfall traps, QM S 73976. Other material examined: QM: female, Upper Boulder Creek via Tully, 17 ° 50 ’S 145 ° 54 ’E, 900 m, 25–27.x. 1983, G. Monteith, D. Yeates & G. Thompson, QM S 73977; male, Mt Macalister area, Cardwell Range, 18 ° 18 ’S 145 ° 57 ’E, 900–1000 m, 18–19.xii. 1986, G. Monteith, G. Thompson & S. Hamlet, rainforest, QM S 73978; 2 males, Mt Graham, 8 km N of Abergowrie, 18 ° 25 ’S 145 ° 52 ’E, 600–700 m, 26–30.xii. 1986, S. Hamlet, rainforest, QM S 73979; female, stadium VII male, stadium VII female, Downey Creek, 25 km SE of Millaa Millaa, 17 ° 39 ’S 145 ° 47 ’E, 400 m, 7.xii. 1988, G. Monteith & G. Thompson, rainforest, sieved litter, QM berlesate 813, QM S 73980; female, Bartle Frere Track, 17 km W of Malanda, 17 ° 23 ’S 145 ° 47 ’E, 700 m, 8.xii. 1988, G. Monteith & G. Thompson, QM S 73981; 2 females, Upper Mulgrave Road, Kearneys Falls, 17 ° 14 ’S 145 ° 47 ’E, 100 m, 10.xii. 1988, G. Monteith & G. Thompson, QM S 73982; male, Lamb Range, 19 km SE of Mareeba, 17 °07’S 145 ° 34 ’E, 1100–1200 m, 11.xii. 1988, G. Monteith & G. Thompson, QM S 73983; female, 2 km SE of Mt Spurgeon, via Carbine, 16 ° 27 ’S 145 ° 12 ’E, 1100 m, 20–21.xii. 1988, G. Monteith & G. Thompson, ex QMS 18018, QM S 73984; female, Tully Falls Road, 10 km S of Ravenshoe, 17 ° 43 ’S 145 ° 31 ’E, 900 m, 8.xii. 1989, G. Monteith, G. Thompson & H. Janetzki, rainforest, sieved litter, QM berlesate 831, QM S 73985; 2 females, Mt Lewis Road, 25 km from highway, 16 ° 32 ’S 145 ° 17 ’E, 14.i. 1990, ANZSES personnel, QM S 73986; female, Mt Lewis Road, end, 10 km N of Mt Lewis, 16 ° 29 ’S 145 ° 15 ’E, 1100 m, 25.xi. 1990, G. Monteith, G. Thompson, D. Cook, R. Sheridan & H. Janetzki, QM S 73987; female, Pauls Luck, Carbine Tableland, 16 ° 26 ’S 145 ° 15 ’E, 1100 m, 28–30.xi. 1990, G. Monteith, H. Janetzki & D. Cook, pitfall traps, QM S 73988; male, Pauls Luck, Carbine Tableland, 16 ° 26 ’S 145 ° 15 ’E, 1100 m, 28–30.xi. 1990, G. Monteith, G. Thompson, D. Cook, R. Sheridan & H. Janetzki, QM S 73989; stadium VII male, Mt Halifax, summit, 19 °07’S 145 ° 23 ’E, 1050 m, 21.iii.– 10.v. 1991, D. Cook, pitfalls & intercepts, ex QMS 41245, QM S 73990; female, above Kearneys Falls, 17 ° 14 ’S 145 ° 47 ’E, 550 m, 12.x. 1991, G. Monteith, H. Janetzki & D. Cook, QM S 73991; female, Mt Halcyon, 16 °03’S 145 ° 25 ’E, 870 m, 22–24.xi. 1993, G. Monteith, D. Cook, H. Janetzki & L. Roberts, QM S 73992; male, Maalan State Forest on highway, 17 ° 35 ’S 145 ° 35 ’E, 850 m, 25.xi. 1994 – 10.i. 1995, G. Monteith & J. Hasenpusch, rainforest, intercept, QM S 38942; female, Josephine Falls, 17 ° 26 ’S 145 ° 51 ’E, 200 m, 19.iv. 1997, G. Monteith & Russell, QM S 40078; 3 females, Mt Lewis Road, 22 km from highway, 16 ° 33 ’S 145 ° 17 ’E, 1000 m, 29.xi. 1997, G. Monteith & D. Cook, sample 1668, QM S 35901; 2 stadium VII females, Mt Lewis Road, 29 km from highway, 16 ° 31 ’S 145 ° 16 ’E, 1210 m, 29.xi. 1997, D. Cook, rainforest, leaf litter, QM berlesate 964, QM S 35904. ANIC: female, 2 km N by E of Mt TipTree, 17 °03’S 144 ° 37 ’E, 800 m, 1.iv. 1984, A. Calder & T. Weir, rainforest, ANIC berlesate 950, ANIC 64 –000016; female, Mt Spec S 1, 19°00’S 146 ° 11 ’E, 875 m, 4.xi.– 1.xii. 1994, M. Cermak, pitfalls, ANIC 64 –000017; male, Mt Spec S 1, 19°00’S 146 ° 11 ’E, 875 m, 6.xii. 1994 – 10.i. 1995, M. Cermak, pitfall A 2, ANIC 64 -000018; female, Mt Spec S 1, 19°00’S 146 ° 11 ’E, 875 m, 9.iii.– 6.iv.. 1995, M. Cermak, pitfall A 2, ANIC 64 -000019; male, Mt Spec S 1, 19 ° 00’S 146 ° 11 ’E, 875 m, 9.iii.– 6.iv.. 1995, M. Cermak, pitfall B 2, ANIC 64 -000020. Diagnosis: Distinguished from T. corrugatum by having anterior and posterior pairs of paramedian swellings on metatergites; distal portion of gonopod telopodite not curving towards base; and plate-like structures covering spiracle surface. Description: Male/female approximate measurements: length to 25 / 27 mm, maximum vertical diameter to 2.0/2.2 mm, maximum width across paranota to 2.6/3.0 mm. Ground colour in alcohol variable, tan to chestnut brown. Integument finely rugose on all surfaces carrying a coating of dirt. Head slightly wider than collum; vertigial sulcus well impressed to level of top of antennal sockets; sockets only slightly impressed ventrolaterally, separated by about one socket diameter; clypeus sparsely setose with long setae, vertex bare. Antenna (Fig. 5 D) relatively short; antennomeres 3–5 nearly equal in length and diameter; antennomere 2 longer, antennomere 6 longest and widest. Collum in dorsal view semicircular, corners bluntly rounded and tilted upwards; 6 small, low, rounded swellings near anterior margin, 2 larger paramedian swellings near posterior margin. Overall widths of rings 2–4 about equal to collum width; ring 5 wider, ring widths very slightly and gradually increasing to ring 17. Lateral, anterior margin of ring 2 metazonite produced slightly to form a partial collar for head. Waist pronounced, with deep longitudinal corrugations (Fig. 3 F). Prozonites with rough texture; at high magnification, covered with minute, blunt, processes pointed posteriorly (Fig. 3 D). Metazonite surface with cellular texture, thrown into small, sharp-edged, irregular folds (Fig. 3 E). Metatergites with 2 sets of paired paramedian swellings (Figs. 3 A, 3 B), one anterior and one posterior to faintly indicated transverse furrow; posterior swellings the largest, sometimes raised as thick “fins”, generally increasing very slightly in size from rings 2 to 17; small, low lateral swellings sometimes present on metatergites as well. Paranota (Figs. 3 A–C) on all rings wide, inflated, tilted slightly upwards; anterior and posterior corners thick, rounded and blunt; margin with variably pronounced median indentation. Spiracles large, protruding, the surface composed of minute, slightly separated plates overlying a dense mass of extremely minute, bluntly pointed processes (Fig. 6 B); anterior spiracle on diplosegments larger than posterior spiracle. Ozopore a simple pore opening ventrolaterally near posterior corner of paranotum; pore formula 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15–19. Sternites apparently bare, slightly wider than long, with only a faint transverse impression. Limbus minutely serrate. Legs (Fig. 5 E) long, slender; femur the longest podomere, tarsus about three-quarters femur length, claw small; leg setae mainly coarse and blunt. Pre-anal ring (Fig. 4 B) with a few long, thick setae; epiproct thick, blunt, rounded, extending well past anal valves; hypoproct trapezoidal; spinnerets (Adis et al. 2000) in square array. Male with gonopore on short cone medially and distally on leg 2 coxa, no process on leg 1 femur. Ring 5 sternal lamella (between legs 4) short, narrow with shallow marginal indentation, posterior surface bare with 2 large pores on slight eminences. Gonopods (Figs. 4 A, 5 A) in situ reaching leg 6 bases. Aperture only slightly constricted anteriorly by median tooth on rim. Gonocoxae fairly short, with broad indentation on anterior surface basally and a few long setae on anterior surface distally. Cannula prominent, inserting medially at base of telopodite. Basal portion of telopodite (“prefemur”) densely setose with long setae on posteromedial corner, a few shorter setae on posterodistal surface; triangular in shape in posterior view, the triangle base being the flat medial surface, the distal corner slightly overlapping base of distal portion of telopodite on posterior side. Distal portion bare, unbranched, subcylindrical, curving anterolaterally from slight medial shoulder at base, then posteromedially, bending abruptly laterally at about four-fifths of the telopodite height and curving 180 ° medially, then tapering, curving posteriorly and terminating in slightly expanded, flattened, forked tip. Prostatic groove following the curves and bends of the distal portion to the tip of the latter. Female without extension of rim of epigynum; cyphopods not examined. Distribution and habitat: Known from 23 sites in tropical rainforest from the Daintree area north of Cairns to the Bluewater Range near Townsville in north Queensland, an approximate linear range of 400 km and an elevation range of 100–1210 m. Sympatric with T. corrugatum in the Bluewater Range. Etymology: In honour of Geoff Monteith, Curator of Insects at the Queensland Museum, 1978–2006. Remarks: This species varies considerably in overall size over its geographical range, e.g. male length 18–25 mm. The pattern of curves in the gonopod telopodite is constant in the specimens examined, but in some males the terminal curve (after the abrupt lateral bend) lies in a plane perpendicular to the telopodite long axis, while in other males the terminal curve spirals distally. There is also substantial variation in size and prominence of the metatergite swellings, in how much the paranota are inflated, and in the prominence of the indentation in the paranotal margin. Variation in these metazonite features is often obscured by the coating of dirt, but there seems to be a geographical trend, with metatergite swellings larger in the south of the T. monteithi range. In a male from the Mt Macalister area (QM S 73978), the paranota are relatively thin, deeply indented marginally and elevated at ca. 45 °, but the gonopod is typical. In a male from Mt Graham (QM S 73979), the marginal indentation in the ring 5 sternal lamella is barely detectable.Published as part of Mesibov, Robert, 2006, Dirt-encrusted and dragon millipedes (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae) from Queensland, Australia, pp. 31-44 in Zootaxa 1354 on pages 38-41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17457
Bajauana acuminata Locker, sp. nov.
No full textBajauana acuminata Löcker, sp. nov. (Figs 2, 12) Types. Holotype 3, AUSTRALIA, Qld: 26 km up Tinaroo Ck Rd via Mareeba, 29.ix.– 11.xi. 1983 (Storey & Brown) (QM T. 156363, originally from QDPI). Paratypes, Qld: 1 Ƥ, Kuranda Range State Forest, 20.iv. 1967 (D.H. Colless) (ANIC); 1 Ƥ, Lambs Head (East End), 17 º02’S 145 º 40 ’E, 1180 m, pyrethrum, trees & logs, 29.xi. 1993 (Monteith & Janetzki) (QM); 1 Ƥ, Massey Ra., 6 km NW of Bellenden Ker, 17 º 14 ’S 145 º 48 ’E, 1150 m, pyrethrum, 11.x. 1991 (Monteith & Janetzki) (QM); 1 Ƥ, Crawford’s Lookout, Palmerston Nat. Pk., 1.iv. 1976 (I.D. Galloway) (QDPI); 1 Ƥ, GS 1 Mt Haig, 17.06 S 145.36 E, 1150 m, malaise trap, 29.ix.– 31.x. 1995 (L. Umback) (ANIC). Etymology. The Latin term ‘ acuminatus ’ means ‘pointed’. Named after the pointed tips of the flagellum. Colour. Head light brown to mid brown, carinae paler, apex of rostrum dark brown. Pro- and mesonotum light brown to mid brown, carinae paler. Forewings hyaline with numerous brown marks scattered over forewing, mainly along veins; veins and tubercles concolorous with cells; pterostigma light brown, sometimes with brown marks. Abdominal sternites mid to dark brown. Legs light brown. Morphology. Body length: 3 4.2 mm; Ƥ 4.3–4.8 mm. Head: Vertex 2.0 times wider than long; with indistinct median carina, covering 3 / 4 of length of vertex. Frons 1.1 times longer than wide; median carina incomplete, covering more than 3 / 4 of length of frons. Thorax: Forewing 2.5 times longer than wide; with 28–29 tubercles on costa; position of crossvein R-M basad of fork MA-MP. Hind leg: 2 nd tarsomere with 7 apical teeth and three very fine setae. Male genitalia: Anal tube as in Figs 12 C, D. Genital styles as in Figs 12 E, F. Ventromedian process of pygofer triangular as in Fig. 12 E. Aedeagus as in Figs 12 A, B. Phallotheca ventrally with long, straight spine (a) inserted at apex of phallotheca. Flagellum with several, more or less sclerotised, pointed tips.Published as part of Löcker, Birgit, Fletcher, Murray J. & Gurr, Geoff M., 2010, Taxonomic revision of the Australian Eucarpiini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) with the description of nine new species, pp. 1-31 in Zootaxa 2425 on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19460
Understanding Physiotherapy student’s opinions on the importance of pharmacology and style of pharmacology assessments in preparation for future practice
No full textData source: Supplemental material, https://www.tandfonline.com/action/downloadSupplement?doi=10.1080%2F10833196.2025.2452056&file=yptr_a_2452056_sm0145.docxBackground: Physiotherapy students study pharmacology in early years of their tertiary education to understand how drugs may positively or adversely affect rehabilitation of patients during clinical education and in future clinical practice. Physiotherapy students find learning pharmacology challenging due to complexity of terminology, integration of content with prior physiology knowledge, interdisciplinary nature of the content and the clinical application of pharmacology concepts.
Purpose: There is limited information on student’s opinions on the importance of studying pharmacology and preference for assessment methods.
Methods: A two-part survey was delivered to 137 s-year Physiotherapy students. Survey 1 focused on student’s attitudes towards studying pharmacology and their preference between undertaking an assignment (a pharmacology education article) or an examination. Survey 2 focused on student’s attitudes about pharmacology after completing the assignment and whether they felt prepared for their future career.
Results: Most students (60%, of 92 respondents) agreed that studying pharmacology was important or very important for their future career despite reporting low confidence (76%) in knowledge of medications prior to undertaking the course. Students preferred to demonstrate pharmacology knowledge through an assignment (75%, 81 of 108) and 59% (64 of 108) reported that the assignment would better prepare them for their career as opposed to an examination. After undertaking the assignment, 70% (76 of 108) said it helped prepare them for their future career.
Conclusion: Students reported development of written communication, research, and critical thinking skills upon completion of the assignment. The educational assignment authentically prepares Physiotherapy students for clinical practice
Gippsicola lineata Giroti & Brescovit, 2017, new species
No full textGippsicola lineata new species Figures 8–9, 11 Type material. Male holotype from Massey Range, 4km W of Centre Bellenden Ker (17°16'S; 145°49'E), Queensland, Australia, 9–11.X.1991, Monteith, Janetzki & Cook leg. (QM S 91041). Paratypes: ♀ from Mount Hemmant (16°07'S; 145°25'E), Queensland, Australia, 25–27.XI.1993, Monteith, Cook, Janetzki & Roberts leg. (S 44778); ♂ same data of the holotype (IBSP 168327, ex-QM S 91041); ♀ from Mount Finnegan [15°49'06.4”S; 145°17'12.8”E], Queensland, Australia, 9.IX.1974, L. R., J. C., V. E. D. leg. (IBSP 168328, ex-QM S 91018). Additional material examined. AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Mount Hartley, southwest slope (15°46'S; 145°19'E), 1♂, 8.XI.1995 – 16.I.1996, Monteith, Cook & Roberts leg. (QM S 41325); Mount Sampson (15°48'S; 145°12'E), 1♀, 26–28.XII.1990, ANZSES Exp. leg. (QM S 37448); Mount Finnegan, Top Grid (15°49'30”S; 145°17'30”E), 1♀, 25.XII.1991, K. McDonald & ANZSES Exp. leg. (QM S 19410); Mount Finnegan [15°49'06.4”S; 145°17'12.8”E], 37km south of Cooktown, 1♀ 2 imm., 19–22.IV.1982, Monteith, Yeates & Cook leg. (QM S 91010; QM S 91011); Mount Finnegan [15°49'06.4”S; 145°17'12.8”E], 3♀ 1 imm., 9.IX.1974, L. R., J. C., V. E. D. leg. (QM S 91018); Mount Finnegan, top (15°49'30"S; 145°17'30"E), 1♀, 26.XII.1991, KRM'D/ ANZSES Exp. leg. (QM S 19415); Mount Boolbun South (15°57'S; 145°08'E), 1♂, 4–6.XI.1995, Monteith, Cook & Roberts leg. (QM S 41072); Mount Pieter Botte (16°04'S; 145°24'E), 2♂, 21.XI–8.XII.1993, Monteith, Janetzki, Cook & Roberts leg. (QM S 47076); Thornton Peak, via Daintrec [16°09'51”S; 145°22'27”E], 1♀, 27.IX.1984, G. B. E. S. R. Monteith leg. (QM S 91027); Mount Windsor National Park, Windsor Tbld. (16°13'S; 144°59'E), NW open, 1♀, 23–24.XI.1997, Monteith, Cook & Burwell leg. (QM S 63016); Mount Windsor National Park, Windsor Tbld. [16°13'S; 144°59'E], 28km NNW Mount Carbine, 2♀, 15–18.IV.1982, Monteith, Yeates & Cook leg. (QM S 90981); Mount Windsor National Park, Windsor Tbld. [16°13'S; 144°59'E], Base Camp, 1♀ 1 imm., XII.1980, I. Fanning / ANZSES Exp. leg. (QM S 91020); 3.5km NNE Mount Spurgeon (16°24'S; 145°13'E), 1♂, 15– 20.X.1991, Monteith, Janetzki, Cook & Roberts leg. (QM S 20517); Black Mountain, 4.5km N of Mount Spurgeon (16°24'S; 145°12'E), 1♂ 4 imm., 17–18.X.1991, Monteith, Janetzki, Cook & Roberts leg. (QM S 59059); Mount Spurgeon [16°25'59.2”S; 145°12'01.5”E], 3 imm., 19–23.XI.1997, Monteith, Cook & Burwell leg. (QM S 77176); Mount Demi, North Peak (16°30'S; 145°19'E), 1♂, 17.XII.1995 – 25.I.1996, Monteith, Thompson & Ford leg. (QM S 43951); 5.5km north of Mount Lewis [16°34'59.6”S; 145°17'00.1”E], via Julatten, 1♂, 13.XI.1981, G. Monteith & D. Cook leg. (QM S 91024); Mount Lewis near Mount Molloy [16°34'59.6”S; 145°17'00,1”E], 1♂ 1♀, 7.XI.1975, Q. M. & F. Little leg. (QM S 91014); North Bell Peak [17°05'14.3”S; 145°52'59.3”E], 20km south of Cairns, 1♀, 15–16.IX.1981, G. Monteith & D. Cook leg. (QM S 91009); Bellender Ker Range [17°14'S; 145°52'E], Summit TV Stn, 1♀ 2 imm., 1–7.XI.1981, Earthwatch / Queensland Museum leg. (QM S 27750; QM S 30617); same locality and collector, 2♀ 10 imm., 25–31.X.1981 (QM S 27749); same locality, 1♀, 29.IV–2.V.1983, G. B. Monteith & D. K. Yeates leg. (QM S 27748); Bellender Ker Range [17°14'S; 145°52'E], Cable Tower 3, 1♀, 17– 24.X.1981, Earthwatch / Queensland Museum leg. (QM S 30616); Mount Bartle-Frere [17°23'S; 145°49'E], South Peak summit, 1♂ 6 imm, 6–8.XI.1981, Earthwatch / Queensland Museum leg. (QM S 30618; QM S 30620); Mount Bartle-Frere [17°23'S; 145°49'E], NW/ Centre Peak ridge, 1 imm., 7–8.XI.1981, Earthwatch / Queensland Museum leg. (QM S 30619); Mount Misery [20°21'40.9”S; 145°38'02.3”E], summit, 1 imm., 3.I.1991, ANZSES Exp. leg. (QM S 25859); Seanys Scrub, Cooloola National Park [25°59'02”S; 153°05'17.1”E], 1♀, 6.II.1976, R. Raven & V. E. D. leg. (QM S 90991). Etymology. The specific name is an adjective referring to the dark transversal bands present in the dorsal region of its abdomen. Diagnosis. Gippsicola lineata n. sp. differ from G. raleighi and G. minuta n. sp. by the presence of a sperm duct with one and a half convolutions, and from G. robusta n. sp. by having a piriform bulb, with a thinner embolus (Figs 9 A–B). Females present an anterior receptaculum longer than G. robusta n. sp., with thickened and irregular ventral entapophyses (Figs 9 C–D). This species present a greyish abdomen, with dark dorsal transverse bands interleaved with whitish ones (Figs 8 A–D). Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace and chelicerae reddish orange, with cephalic region darker (Fig. 8 A). Endites orange; labium dark orange. Sternum orange with darker margins (Fig. 8 B). Palps orange. Legs orange, with pairs I–II darker. Abdomen greyish and with dark spots ventrally (Fig. 8 B). Total length 10.0; carapace 4.8 long, 3.52 wide. Palps: tibia with dorso-ventral diameter slightly shorter than the bulb (Figs 9 A–B). Legs robust and clothed with setae. Leg formula: II-I-III-IV. Leg measurements: I femur 4.92, patella 1.76, tibia 4.6, metatarsus 4.68, tarsus 1.36, total 17.32; II 4.72, 1.92, 4.6, 4.76, 1.36, 17.36; III 3.76, 1.68, 3.6, 3.84, 1.24, 14.12; IV 4.12, 1.48, 3.4, 3.4, 1.08, 13.48. Leg macrosetae: I femur d0-1-0-2-1/2-2-0-2-0, p0-0-0-0-0/1-1/0-1-1-0; patella p1-0-1, r0-1-0; tibia p0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp0-1-0-1-0-1-0-1, v0-1-0-0-1-0-0-0, vr0-1-0-1-0-1-0-1, r0-1-0-1-0-1-0; metatarsus p0-1-0-0-0-0-0, vp0-1-0-1-0-0-0, v0-0-1-0-0-0-0, vr0-1-0-1-0-0-1, r0-1-0-0-0-0-0; II femur d0-1-1/2-2/1-1/0-2-0- 2-0, p0-0-0-0-1-0-1-1-0; patella p1-0-1, r0-1-0; tibia p0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp0-0/1-0-1-0-1-0-1, v0-0-1-0-0-1-0-0, vr0-1- 0-1-0-1-0-1, r0-0-1-0-0-1-0; metatarsus p0-1-0-0-0-0-0, vp0-1-0-1-0-0-0, v0-0-1-0-0-0-0, vr0-1-0-1-0-0-1, r0-1-0- 0-0-0-0; IV femur d1-1/0-1-1-0-1-0-0, p0-0-0-0-1/0-1-0-0; tibia vp0-0-1-0-0-1-1, v0-1-0-1-0-0-0, vr0-0-0-0-0-0-1, r0-0-0-0-0-1-0; metatarsus p0-0-1-1-0-1-0, vp0-1-0-0-1-0-0-1, v0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0, vr metatarsal comb with 6/9 macrosetae, r0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0. Abdomen uniformly clothed with setae (Figs 8 A–B). Female (Paratype —QM S 44778). Coloration as in male (Figs 8 C–D). Total length 12.32; carapace 5.52 long, 4.12 wide. Leg formula: II-I-III-IV. Leg measurements: I femur 4.48, patella 2.0, tibia 3.84, metatarsus 3.4, tarsus 1.2, total 14.92; II 4.56, 2.08, 3.84, 3.36, 1.12, 14.96; III 3.92, 2.0, 3.2, 3.04, 1.04, 13.2; IV 4.12, 1.6, 3.28, 2.96, 1.12, 13.08. Leg macrosetae: I femur d0-1-1/0-1-0-1-0-2-0, p0-0-0-0-0-0-1-1-0; patella p1-0-1; tibia p1-1-1- 1-1-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1-0-1, v0-1-0-0-0-1-0-0, vr1-0-1-0-1-0-1-0-1, r1-0/1-1-0/1-1-1-1-1-0; metatarsus p0-0/1-0- 0-1-0-0, vp1-1-0-1-0-0-0, v0, vr1-1-0-1-0-0-1, r0-1-1-0-1-0-0; II femur d0-1-1/2-1-2-2/0-0-2-0, p0-0-0-0-0-0-1-1- 0; patella p1-0-1; tibia p1-1-1-1-1-1-0, vp0-1-1-0-1-0-1-0-1, v0-1-0-0-0-1-0-0, vr1-0-0/1-0-1-0-1-0-1, r1-0-1-1/0- 1-0-1-1-0; metatarsus p0-1-0-0-1-0-0, vp1-1-0-1-0-0-0, v0-1-0-0-0-0-0, vr1-1-0-1-0-0-1, r0-1-0-0-1-0-0; IV femur d1-1-1-1-0/1-0-1-0, p0-0/1-0-0-0-0/1-0-0, r0-0-0-0-0-0-1-0; tibia vp0-0-1-0-0-0-1, v0-1-0-1-0-0-0, vr0-0-0-0-0-0- 1, r0/1-1-0-0-0-1-0; metatarsus p0-0-0-1-0-0-0, vp0-1-0-0-1-0-0-1, v0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0, vr metatarsal comb with 11/ 12 macrosetae, r0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0. Abdomen as in male (Figs 8 C–D). Variation. Males (n=10): total length 6.56–11.8; carapace 3.52–5.6 long, 2.72–4.16 wide; femur I 3.76–5.12. Females (n=10): total length 10.72–16.72; carapace 4.4–7.76 long, 3.4–5.44 wide; femur I 3.44–6.16. Natural history. Gippsicola lineata n. sp. occur in silk tubes under rocks and in logs of mountain and sclerophyll rainforests found in the northeast of Queensland (Department of the Environment and Water Resources 2007). Distribution. Northeast of Australia (Fig. 11).Published as part of Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2017, Revision of the spider genus Gippsicola Hogg, 1900 (Araneae: Segestriidae), pp. 390-406 in Zootaxa 4227 (3) on pages 400-403, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4227.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/26835
Immune monitoring design within the developmental pipeline for an immunotherapeutic or preventive vaccine
No full textImmunotherapy is defined as the treatment of disease by inducing, enhancing, or suppressing an immune response, whereas preventive vaccination is intended to prevent the development of diseases in healthy subjects. Most successful prophylactic vaccines rely on the induction of high titers of neutralizing antibodies. It is generally thought that therapeutic vaccination requires induction of robust T-cell mediated immunity. The diverse array of potential or already in use immunotherapeutic and preventive agents all share the commonality of stimulating the immune system. Hence, measuring those vaccination-induced immune responses gives the earliest indication of vaccine take and its immune modulating effects
Entomobrya additae Jordana & Greenslade 2020, sp. nov.
No full textEntomobrya additae sp. nov. (Figs 1A, 4A, 7 A–H) Holotype. Female on slide, 16–1, QLD, Lambs Head, 10 km W of Edmonton, 2 nd tower, - 17.023°S, 145.641°E, 1320m asl, pyrethrum spray, logs and trees, 11.xii.1989, G. Monteith, G. Thompson & H. Janetzki leg., [QLD Mus 16-1]. Paratypes. Five females. Same collection details as holotype but on mossy rock, various dates 1988, 10.xii.1989, [QLDMus 16–1, 16–2, 15–1, 15–2, 22–2]. Other material examined. QLDMus, QLD, Mt Lewis Rd. 16 km from Highway, - 16.571°S, 145.260°E, 900m asl, Dec 1989 to Jan. 1990, G. Monteith & G. Thompson leg; QLD, Pauls Luck, Platypus Creek, 13 km W. Mossman, - 16.447°S, 145.257°E, 1135m asl, moss, Jan. 1990 and 17.x.1981, G. Monteith & Janetzki leg; QLD, 4 km S. of Koombooloomba Dam, - 17.864°S, 145.867°E, 800m asl, rain forest, pitfalls, Dec 1989 to Jan 1990, G. Monteith, G. Thompson & H. Janetzki leg; QLD, O’Reilly’s, Dec 1988, - 30.497°S, 153.138°E, 935m asl PG leg.; SAMA, NSW, Styx River, Nothofagus forest, canopy fogging, various dates in 1990, 1991, - 30.497°S, 152.396°E, 1390m asl; 3 specimens with truncate unguiculus, specimens 2, 3 and 4, QLD, Lamington NP, Oct. 2006, - 30.497°S, 153.138°E, 935 m asl, pitfall, Kitching leg. [QLDMus 15–1, QLDMus 15–2, QLDMus 17, QLDMus 22–2]. Description. Size. Length 2.141 mm (n=7) Colour. Dorsally whitish yellowish with some dark blue bands in anterior and lateral parts of Th II (sometimes with a posterior band), Lateral bands on Th III, Abd I and Abd II, Abd III with lateral longitudinal stripes and a posterior band with or without a posterior triangular central spot, Abd IV with lateral, transverse irregular bands and a narrow stripe on posterior edge. Abd V and VI with lateral spots (Figs 1A, 4A). Body some specimens very similar in colour to E. varia. Head. The apical bulb of antennal segment IV bilobed. The labral papillae spinulate with one or two spines. Prelabral and labral chaetae 4/554. Prelabral chaetae clearly ciliated, labral chaetae smooth. Labial chaetae with MREL 1 L 2 Ciliated chaetae, R smaller than M. External labial process of papilla E reaching at the papilla end. Eyes G and H small and subequal. Ant / head=2.55 (n=7). Ratio Ant I:II:III:IV=1:2.3:2.0:2.43. Thorax and abdomen. Trochanteral organ with 17–20 smooth and spiniform chaetae. Unguis (Figs 7 A–B) with 4 inner teeth; paired teeth located approximately 29% (n=12) of inner unguis length, dorsal tooth basal. Two clear unpaired teeth on the internal edge of the unguis, first one at 66% on unguis 1 and 2, 75% of the basis of unguis 3, unguiculus long in leg 3 and shorter in leg 1, on both legs truncate and with a smooth external edge. Tenent hair expanded distally and longer than the unguis. Manubrial plate with 4 chaetae and 2 pseudopores. Mucro normal. Not ringed part of dens 2 times the mucro. Chaetotaxy. Dorsal head chaetotaxy at figure 7D; Mc An’ 0, A 6, A 7, S’ 0, S 1, always absent, S 0, S 2, S 4i, S 4 and S 5 present (S 4i present or absent); M 2 and M 4 present; Ps 2 absent, Ps 5 always present. Thoracic chaetotaxy with one Mc (m 1) on T1 area on Th II, T2 area with Mc a 5 and m 4 (Fig. 7E). Abdominal chaetotaxy reduced.Abd II with a 2 present only in three specimens from 11, Mc a 3 absent, m 3 and m 3e Mc present Abd III with m 3 (Fig. 7G). Abd IV with 12 central and posterior Mc A 3, A 5 –A 6, B 5 –B 6 and E 1 (Fig. 7H). Mucro with 16 µ (n=7) as Figure 7C. The chaetotaxy formula: 3,1,0,2(1),1a/1,2/0(1),2/0,0,1/0,2,0,2,2. Trichobothria on Abd IV at T2 and T6 location (0101). Measurements: Ant I–IV 117, 264, 233, and 272 µm respectively. Abd IV/III=4 (n=7). Remarks. A number of specimens incorrectly labelled as Entomobrya varia from different localities were similar in chaetotaxy and were found to be this new species. The new species is common in high altitude locations in northeast Queensland with some material from Nothofagus rainforest at Styx River in northern NSW. Its colour is similar to that of Type II E. varia Schött, 1917 but it has a truncate unguiculus on all legs, which separates it from Entomobrya varia. It is also similar to E. peregrina sp. nov. in that they both have a simplified chaetotaxic formula in some respects. The following Table separates the three species by 12 characters as well as by the colour difference. 1=presence; 0= absence; Acu = acuminate; LP=labral papilla; mult = multispinate, tria = triangular; se = serrate; sm = smooth; Tru = truncate; A= E. additae; P= E. peregrina, V= E. varia. Differences A/P=8; A/V=8 Characters; P/V=9 Characters Very few Entomobrya have the truncate unguiculus, a character that is usually associated with halophilic habits. Etymology. The species name signifies yet another new species in the genus.Published as part of Jordana, Rafael & Greenslade, Penelope, 2020, Biogeographical and ecological insights from Australasian faunas: the megadiverse collembolan genus, Entomobrya (Entomobryidae), pp. 1-104 in Zootaxa 4770 (1) on pages 17-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4770.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/379795
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