403 research outputs found
Biasing Amacrine Subtypes in the Atoh7 Lineage through Expression of Barhl2
No full textWithin the developing vertebrate retina, particular subtypes of amacrine cells (ACs) tend to arise from progenitors expressing the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, Atoh7, which is necessary for the early generation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). All ACs require the postmitotic expression of the bHLH pancreas transcription factor Ptf1a; however, Ptf1a alone is not sufficient to give subtype identities. Here we use functional and in vivo time-lapse studies in the zebrafish retina to investigate on the developmental programs leading to ACs specification within the subsequent divisions of Atoh7-positive progenitors. We find evidences that the homeobox transcription factor Barhl2 is an AC subtype identity-biasing factor that turns on within Atoh7-positive descendants. In vivo lineage tracing reveals that particular modes of cell division tend to generate Barhl2-positive precursors from sisters of RGCs. Additionally, Atoh7 indirectly impacts these division modes to regulate the right number of barhl2-expressing cells. We finally find that Atoh7 itself influences the subtypes of Barhl2-dependent ACs. Together, the results from our study uncover lineage-related and molecular logic of subtype specification in the vertebrate retina, by showing that specific AC subtypes arise via a particular mode of cell division and a transcriptional network cascade involving the sequential expression of first atoh7 followed by ptf1a and then barhl2
Experimental Manufacture and Performance Evaluation of Linear Switched Reluctance Motor with HTS Excitation Windings
No full textAbstractThis paper presents an experimental manufacture and performance evaluation of prototype linear switched reluctance motor with HTS excitation windings (HTS-LSRM). The Ag-alloy sheathed Bi-2223 tapes are used for HTS coils. We first present a structure of the prototype HTS-LSRM. Next, current-carrying properties of the HTS coils are measured. Furthermore, current and voltage waveforms are measured and we evaluation a control performance of the current and voltage
ChemInform Abstract: Factors Affecting the Formation of Cyclohexanone Intermediates in the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Phenols. Part 2. Effects of Alcoholic Solvents on the Formation of Cyclohexanones in the Hydrogenation of Phenols Over Pd-C Catalysts.
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