12,180 research outputs found
Implementation of ROSA radio occultation data handling into EUMETSAT and GRAS SAF processing
No full textTopic of the GRAS-SAF Visiting Scientist activity 16 has been the implementation of ROSA radio occultation data handling into EUMETSAT and GRAS SAF processing tools. ROSA data referred to observations taken on-board OCEANSAT-2 mission. Even if we are talking of standard Radio Occultation data, the format of raw binary data is peculiar, and processing chains already implemented for other Radio Occultation missions, should be adapted to this further format. Moreover, ROSA antennas, ROSA coverage, ROSA sampling rate, etc. are different from GRAS or COSMIC data. Main goals of this VS activity have therefore been the implementation of ROSA processing into the EUMETSAT YAROS prototype (in order to produce excess-phases, amplitudes and bending angles over impact parameter) and into the GRAS SAF ROPP processor (for the processing into bending angle, refractivity and higher level atmospheric profiles), dealing mainly with data interfacing issues. The first part of the activity was carried out in EUMETSAT, where the YAROS prototype has been adapted to handle ROSA data. Before doing that, an in-depth analysis has been done in order to identify all the ROSA data characteristics and issues. In particular, the Thales Alenia Space "decoding" software has been completely review, in order to understand how these data were formatted inside the native binary ROSA data stream coming from the OCEANSAT-2 telemetry, and inside the standard Level1 Engineered data file available for users. This preliminary analysis allows the definition of several ROSA data structures that could be easily implemented directly inside the YAROS prototype. At the end of this first part, two different releases of the EUMETSAT prototype were available: the first one able to manage only the scientific ROSA engineered data, containing the basic observables for Radio Occultation purposes (the Level 1a data, the one normally made available for users); the second one which implements ad-hoc data structures where all the data generated by the ROSA receiver (and contained in the raw binary format, the Level 0 data) are stored. About thirty hours of ROSA observations, for which orbit and clocks were already available, were used as input to the adapted YAROS/ROSA prototype and completely analyzed. Only the YAROS prototype adapted to ROSA Engineered Level 1 format was used. A quality check of L1 and L2 basic observables (mainly L1 and L2 Excess-Phase and Signal-to-Noise ratio profiles) contained in the Level 1a YAROS output file has been performed. Even if a complete ROSA dataset is available for one entire month of observations, the production of all the necessary POD products for the entire month was not undertaken. Its in-depth analysis will be carried out in the future, when the Memorandum of Understanding between Italian Space Agency and EUMETSAT for the ROSA data processing will be signed. During this activity we preferred to concentrate the work on the YAROS prototype adaptation to ROSA data, making the prototype ready to handle all the ROSA data available, and not only the one contained in the Level1 Engineered data normally available to the user. In order to let these NetCDF Level1a YAROS/ROSA output files to be further processed into higher Radio Occultation products, a converter from NetCDF 4.0 to NetCDF 3.0 file (with the required data structures correctly set for the GRAS-SAF ROPP processing). This was performed during the second part of the Visiting Scientist activity at DMI, where YAROS/ROSA Level 1a files were both processed to bending angles, to refractivity and higher level products. Analysis of the bending angle and refractivity data against ECMWF and collocated radio occultation data were also performed, in order to have a preliminary idea on the quality of the final atmospheric products that can be achieved analyzing ROSA data. Moreover, YAROS/ROSA Level 1a files were also processed into Level 1b products (bending angle profiles) using the L1a2L1b YAROS code and compared with the correspondent forward modelled ECMWF collocated data. As a general comment on the ROSA data quality it has to be noted that, even thought L1 data are in line with that observed by the other Radio Occultation instruments, L2 data shows some problems. Problems which are mainly related to OCEANSAT-2 issues. ROSA on-board OCEANSAT-2 was equipped only with the Velocity Radio Occultation antennas, therefore only rising events can be recorded. Moreover local multipath on-board OCEANSAT-2 is very strong because of solar panels and because of the scatterometer antenna which both are moving. In particular this local multipath was not modelled or measured on ground, since an in-orbit platform manoeuvre was made necessary and created a permanent and unexpected yaw bias on the platform. And these problems mainly impact L2 tracking, which basically starts too high in atmosphere and which is affected by long data gaps. Only for a small number of events L2 is available in troposphere. In these cases, the quality of atmospheric profiles retrieved using the GRAS-SAF ROPP processing chain is in line with that obtainable from other Radio Occultation missions. But, for all the other cases for which L2 is available higher in the atmosphere, modifications to the L2 extrapolation/interpolations and different Statistical Optimization setting are probably necessary to adapt the GRAS-SAF ROPP_PP Processor to such bad data. From the other point of view, YAROS software correctly handle such ROSA data, even if a high number of rejected profiles are seen with respect what normally happens in processing data from other Radio Occultation observation
GRAS-1 function in limiting early prophase I chromosome movement is regulated by phosphorylation.
No full text(A) Mass spectrometry fragmentation spectrum for GRAS-1::GFP peptide INSSTSVGTPQVTRL in the range 200–1400 m/z. The annotated spectrum shows fragment ion species matched between theoretical and measured values. “b-ions” are generated through fragmentation of the N-terminal peptide bond, and “y-ions” through the C-terminal. (B) Predicted MS fragmentation pattern and deviations (Δ Error). Analysis of b and y ions is consistent with the phosphorylation of the second serine (S#) in this peptide, corresponding to S233 of the GRAS-1 protein. (C) Schematic representation of the proteins encoded by the CRISPR-Cas9 engineered gras-1PD (phosphodead) and gras-1PM (phosphomimetic) mutants. A: alanine, D: aspartic acid. (D) Shown are the mean number of eggs laid (brood size) ± SEM, percentage of embryonic lethality, larval lethality, and males for the indicated genotypes. *p (E) Top, snapshot of live imaging of SUN-1::mRuby aggregates and their travelled paths in 60s in gras-1PD, gras-1PM, dhc-1;gras-1PD and dhc-1;gras-1PM leptotene/zygotene nuclei. Bottom, dot plot displaying the speed (nm/s) of SUN-1::mRuby aggregates and the distribution graph of the aggregates per speed for the indicated genotypes. Worms were grown in bacteria containing the empty-vector or dhc-1(RNAi) construct. ***p<0.0001, ns: not significant by Student’s t-test, n = 325, 343, 326, 245, 244, 195, 377 and 247 aggregates per genotype as shown in figure, from 9 to 13 gonads and at least two independent biological repeats. Error bars represent the mean ± SD.</p
S-GRAS score for prognostic classification of adrenocortical carcinoma: an international, multicenter ENSAT study
No full textObjective
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has an aggressive but variable clinical course. Prognostic stratification based on the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumours stage and Ki67 index is limited. We aimed to demonstrate the prognostic role of a points-based score (S-GRAS) in a large cohort of patients with ACC.
Design
This is a multicentre, retrospective study on ACC patients who underwent adrenalectomy.
Methods
The S-GRAS score was calculated as a sum of the following points: tumour stage (1-2 = 0; 3 = 1; 4 = 2), grade (Ki67 index 0-9% = 0; 10-19% = 1; ≥20% = 2 points), resection status (R0 = 0; RX = 1; R1 = 2; R2 = 3), age (<50 years = 0; ≥50 years = 1), symptoms (no = 0; yes = 1), and categorised, generating four groups (0-1, 2-3, 4-5, and 6-9). Endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The discriminative performance of S-GRAS and its components was tested by Harrell's Concordance index (C-index) and Royston-Sauerbrei's R2D statistic.
Results
We included 942 ACC patients. The S-GRAS score showed superior prognostic performance for both PFS and DSS, with best discrimination obtained using the individual scores (0-9) (C-index = 0.73, R2D = 0.30, and C-index = 0.79, R2D = 0.45, respectively, all P < 0.01vs each component). The superiority of S-GRAS score remained when comparing patients treated or not with adjuvant mitotane (n = 481 vs 314). In particular, the risk of recurrence was significantly reduced as a result of adjuvant mitotane only in patients with S-GRAS 4-5.
Conclusion
The prognostic performance of S-GRAS is superior to tumour stage and Ki67 in operated ACC patients, independently from adjuvant mitotane. S-GRAS score provides a new important guide for personalised management of ACC (i.e. radiological surveillance and adjuvant treatment)
Erosiebestendigheid van gras op klei taluds
No full textExperimenteel onderzoek naar de erosiebestendigheid van gras op klei. Proeven in de stroomgoot in Lith op de sterkte van een grasmat
Storia della Calabria (sous la direction de G. Cingari) ; I, La Calabria antica (sous la direction de S. Settis), 1987
No full textGras Michel. Storia della Calabria (sous la direction de G. Cingari) ; I, La Calabria antica (sous la direction de S. Settis), 1987. In: Revue des Études Anciennes. Tome 92, 1990, n°1-2. pp. 183-186
Mobile Mardi Gras
No full textRuling over Mardi Gras, King Elexis, Tommy S. Thompson Jr., crowns his queen, Felicie Bertille Hazeur
Mobile Area Mardi Gras Association
No full textIn this photo, Raymond Scott waves to crowds during a Mobile Mardi Gras parade as the 1946 Mayor of the Colored Carnival. Scott , was photographed in front of the former Mobile Gas Works Company at Davis Avenue (Now Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue) and Marmotte Ave. Founded in 1938, the Colored Carnival Association was formed to represent the African American community during the Mardi Gras season. It was later renamed the Mobile Area Mardi Gras Association during the 1970's
Título: Melange curieux des bons mots d'Henri IV. de Louis XIV. de plusieurs Princes & Seigneurs de la Cour, & autres personnes illustres
No full textDatos de ed. preceden a mención de parteSign.: []\p1\s, ¯a\p8\s, A-V\p12\s, X-Y\p4\sTexto con apost. mar
A study of CD8+ T cells specific for an immunodominant SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid epitope cross-react with selective seasonal coronaviruses. Lineburg et al.
No full textSupplemental Dat
Mobile Mardi Gras
No full textUndoubtedly posed for the occasion, masker Cecil Miller lies in a doorway, apparently having imbibed too much of Mobile Mardi Gras fun, ca. 1935
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