219 research outputs found
Supplementary_table_1_AL220518 – Supplemental material for Self-Reported Sensory Impairments and Changes in Cognitive Performance: A Longitudinal 6-Year Follow-Up Study of English Community-Dwelling Adults Aged ⩾50 Years
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_table_1_AL220518 for Self-Reported Sensory Impairments and Changes in Cognitive Performance: A Longitudinal 6-Year Follow-Up Study of English Community-Dwelling Adults Aged ⩾50 Years by Ann E. M. Liljas, Kate Walters, Cesar de Oliveira, S. Goya Wannamethee, Sheena E. Ramsay and Livia A. Carvalho in Journal of Aging and Health</p
An Investigation into the associations between lifestyle, the Mediterranean diet, and risk of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: Findings from multiple UK population-based cohort studies
No full textBackground
Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM), the co-existence of two or more cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), is an increasing public health challenge. An overall healthy lifestyle is known to associate with CMM in young and middle-aged populations, but the extent of its impact on cardiometabolic health in older adults remains less studied. Healthy diet is an integral component of healthy lifestyle, and Mediterranean diet is among the most well-examined healthy diets for cardiometabolic health. However, data are limited on the association of Mediterranean diet with CMM development and potential pathways through which it may affect CMM risk in the UK population.
Aims
To investigate and quantify the impact of a composite lifestyle on cardiometabolic health in older adults, and to specifically examine the role of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and potential modulation of an association with CMM by plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and blood lipids.
Methods
Data from five distinct UK population-based cohorts, ranging from 4,252 to 30,376 British adults, are used to investigate the associations, utilising Cox regression, multi-state modelling, and multinomial logistic regression. Baron and Kenny mediation analysis is conducted to examine the mediation effects.
Results
Living a composite healthy lifestyle is associated with an additional gain of 4 years of CMD-free life for older adults. Baseline adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower risks of a first CMD (FCMD) and the subsequent transition to CMM, with stronger associations observed during 10- and 15-year follow-up periods in preventing the transition from FCMD to CMM. This association is substantially mediated by circulating docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) [one of the n-3 PUFA] and triglycerides.
Conclusions
Adopting a healthy lifestyle increases year of life living without CMD in older adults. Additionally, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, through its influence on DHA and triglycerides, may be beneficial in preventing CMM development
Physical activity in older men: longitudinal associations with inflammatory and hemostatic biomarkers, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and onset of coronary heart disease and mortality
No full textObjectives: To examine associations between habitual physical activity (PA) and changes in PA and onset of coronary heart disease (CHD) and the pathways linking PA to CHD. / Design: British Regional Heart Study population-based cohort; men completed questionnaires in 1996 and 1998 to 2000, attended rescreen in 1998 to 2000, and were followed up to June 2010. / Setting: Community. / Participants: Of 4,252 men recruited from primary care centers (77% of those invited and eligible) who were rescreened in 1998 to 2000, 3,320 were ambulatory and free from CHD, stroke, and heart failure and participated in the current study. Measurements: Usual PA (regular walking and cycling, recreational activity and sport). Outcome was first fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction. Results: In 3,320 ambulatory men, 303 first and 184 fatal CHD events occurred during a median of 11 years of follow-up; 9% reported no usual PA, 23% occasional PA, and 68% light or more-intense PA. PA was inversely associated with novel risk markers C-reactive protein, D-dimer, von Willebrand Factor and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Compared with no usual PA, hazard ratios (HRs) for CHD events, adjusted for age and region, were 0.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.34–0.79) for occasional PA, 0.47 (95% CI = 0.30–0.74) for light PA, 0.51 (95% CI = 0.32–0.82) for moderate PA, and 0.44 (95% CI = 0.29–0.65) for moderately vigorous or vigorous PA (P for linear trend = .004). Adjustment for established and novel risk markers somewhat attenuated HRs and abolished linear trends. Compared with men who remained inactive, men who maintained at least light PA had an HR for CHD events of 0.73 (95% CI = 0.53–1.02) and men whose PA level increased had an HR of 0.86 (95% CI = 0.55–1.35). / Conclusion: Even light PA was associated with significantly lower risk of CHD events in healthy older men, partly through inflammatory and hemostatic mechanisms and cardiac function (NT-proBNP)
Reasons for Intentional Weight Loss, Unintentional Weight Loss, and Mortality in Older Men
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Frailty and increased risk of cardiovascular disease: are we at a crossroad to include frailty in cardiovascular risk assessment in older adults?
No full textHeight loss in older men: associations with total mortality and incidence of cardiovascular disease
No full textBackground Height declines with age, but the impact of height loss on health outcomes has been little studied. We examined the relationships between height loss over 20 years (starting at middle age) and subsequent total mortality and incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke in older men.
Methods A prospective study was performed on 4213 men whose height was measured between the ages of 40 and 59 years and again 20 years later between the ages of 60 and 79 years. The men were then followed up for a mean period of 6 years, during which 760 deaths occurred.
Results Height loss correlated significantly with initial age (r =3D 0.20) and weight loss (r =3D 0.20). Total mortality risk was higher in men with a height loss of 3 cm or more than in men with a height loss of less than 1 cm (age-adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-2.03). The excess deaths were largely attributable to cardiovascular and respiratory conditions and other causes but not to cancer. Adjustment for age, established cardiovascular risk factors, lung function, preexisting cardiovascular disease, albumin concentration, self-reported poor or fair health, and weight loss had a modest impact on the increased risk of total mortality (RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.15-1.82). The risk of major coronary heart disease events was increased only in men with a height loss of 3 cm or more even after adjustment (adjusted RR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.02-1.98; 3.0 cm vs <3.0 cm); no association was seen with stroke risk.
Conclusion Marked height loss (3 cm) in older men is independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and coronary heart disease
Significance of frequency patterns in ‘moderate’ drinkers for low‐risk drinking guidelines
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