5,264 research outputs found
Grand challenges in global mental health.
No full textA consortium of researchers, advocates and clinicians announces here research priorities for improving the lives of people with mental illness around the world, and calls for urgent action and investment
Deferasirox (Exjade®) significantly improves cardiac T2* in heavily iron-overloaded patients with β-thalassemia major
No full textNoninvasive measurement of tissue iron levels can be assessed using T2* magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify and monitor patients with iron overload. This study monitored cardiac siderosis using T2* MRI in a cohort of 19 heavily iron-overloaded patients with β-thalassemia major receiving iron chelation therapy with deferasirox over an 18-month period. Overall, deferasirox therapy significantly improved mean ± standard deviation cardiac T2* from a baseline of 17.2±10.8 to 21.5±12.8 ms (+25.0percent; P=0.02). A concomitant reduction in median serum ferritin from a baseline of 5,497 to 4,235 ng-mL (-23.0percent; P=0.001), and mean liver iron concentration from 24.2±9.0 to 17.6± 12.9 mg Fe-g dry weight (-27.1percent; P=0.01) was also seen. Improvements were seen in patients with various degrees of cardiac siderosis, including those patients with a baseline cardiac T2* of 10 ms, indicative of high cardiac iron burden. These findings therefore support previous observations that deferasirox is effective in the removal of myocardial iron with concomitant reduction in total body iron. © The Author(s) 2009.Anderson LJ, 2006, ACTA HAEMATOL-BASEL, V115, P106, DOI 10.1159-000089475; Anderson LJ, 2001, EUR HEART J, V22, P2171, DOI 10.1053-euhj.2001.2822; Borgna-Pignatti C, 2004, HAEMATOLOGICA, V89, P1187; BRITTENHAM GM, 1994, NEW ENGL J MED, V331, P567, DOI 10.1056-NEJM199409013310902; Cappellini MD, 2006, BLOOD, V107, P3455, DOI 10.1182-blood-2005-08-3430; Daar S, 2009, HAEMATOL-HEMATOL J, V94, P140, DOI 10.3324-haematol.13845; ELEFTHERIOU P, 2006, HAEMATOLOGICA S1, V91, P999; Garbowski M, 2008, BLOOD, V112, P116; Kolnagou A, 2006, HEMOGLOBIN, V30, P219, DOI 10.1080-03630260600642542; Noetzli LJ, 2008, BLOOD, V112, P2973, DOI 10.1182-blood-2008-04-148767; PENNELL D, 2008, BLOOD, V112, P3874; Pennell DJ, 2008, BLOOD, V112, P3873; Porter J, 2008, EUR J HAEMATOL, V80, P168, DOI 10.1111-j.1600-0609.2007.00985.x; St Pierre TG, 2005, BLOOD, V105, P855, DOI 10.1182-blood-2004-01-0177; Taher A, 2009, EUR J HAEMATOL, V82, P458, DOI 10.1111-j.1600-0609.2009.01228.x; Vichinsky E, 2007, BRIT J HAEMATOL, V136, P501, DOI 10.1111-j.1365-2141.2006.06455.x; Westwood M, 2003, J MAGN RESON IMAGING, V18, P33, DOI 10.1002-jmri.10332; Wood JC, 2004, BLOOD, V104, p111A; Wood JC, 2008, BLOOD, V112, P3882; Wood JC, 2006, TRANSL RES, V148, P272, DOI 10.1016-j.trsl.2006.05.005; ZURLO MG, 1989, LANCET, V2, P2719222
De watercyclus: Daar zit wat in!
No full textCongresbundel ‘De Watercyclus; daar zit wat in!’ van de 65ste Vakantiecursus Drinkwater en Afvalwater (VC2013), gehouden op 11 januari 2013 te Delft. Uitgave van de Sectie Sanitary Engineering van de Faculteit Civiele Techniek en Geowetenschappen van de TU Delft.Water ManagementCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Huis verduurzamen maar geen idee waar te beginnen?: Daar weet deze klimaatpsycholoog alles van
No full textKlimaatpsycholoog Gerdien de Vries werkt aan de TU Delft en doet al 10 jaar onderzoek naar het gedoe dat mensen ervaren als ze hun woning willen verduurzamen. Ze liep er zelf ook tegenaan, en dus deed ze nog maar even niks. Maar het is tijd 'to put your money where your mouth is'. Haar eigen woning moet van het gas af. De komende maanden neemt ze ons in haar blog mee op weg naar een gasvrije woning.Organisation & Governanc
Understanding Iron Metabolism: Lessons from Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia
No full textCITATION: Al-Khabori, M. & Daar, S. 2018. Understanding iron metabolism : lessons from transfusion-dependent Thalassemia. Oman Medical Journal, 33(1):1-2, doi:10.5001/omj.2018.01.The original publication is available at http://omjournal.org/OMJ_Archives.aspxNo abstract availablehttp://omjournal.org/OMJ_Issue.aspx?jId=1048Publisher's versio
Health in transition : translating developmental origins of health and disease science to improve future health in Africa
No full textCITATION: Macnab, A., Daar, A. & Pauw, C. 2020. Health in transition : translating developmental origins of health and disease science to improve future health in Africa. Stellenbosch: SUN PReSS, doi:10.18820/9781928357759.The original publication is available at https://africansunmedia.store.it.si/za"At STIAS, the ‘Health in Transition’ theme includes a programme to address the epidemic rise in the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity, coronary heart disease and stroke in Africa. The aim is to advance awareness, research capacity and knowledge translation of science related to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) as a means of preventing NCDs in future generations.
Application of DOHaD science is a promising avenue for prevention, as this field is identifying how health and nutrition from conception through the first 1 000 days of life can dramatically impact a developing individual’s future life course, and specifically predicate whether or not they are programmed in infancy to develop NCDs in later life.
Prevention of NCDs is an essential strategy as, if unchecked, the burden of caring for a growing and ageing population with these diseases threatens to consume entire health budgets, as well as negatively impact the quality of life of millions.
Africa in particular needs specific, focussed endeavors to realize the maximal preventive potential of DOHaD science, and a means of generating governmental and public awareness about the links between health in infancy and disease in adult life.
This volume summarizes the expertise and experience of a leading group of international scientists led by Abdallah Daar brought together at STIAS as part of the ‘Health in Transition’ programme. "International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and
Disease’s work at the Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study / Daar, A., Pauw, C. & Macnab, A.J.; Ensuring healthier trajectories that start in early life to assist non-communicable disease prevention in Africa: A life-course approach / Norris, S.A.; The implications of developmental origins of health and disease for Africa: What can be learnt from available data? / Byass, P.; Mapping of developmental origins of health and disease to ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ and implications for public health in Africa / Kajee, N., Daar, A., Macnab, A.J. & Sobngwi, E.; Relation between famine and health in future generations: Potential knowledge translation to Africa / Roseboom, T.J.; The fundamental importance of breastfeeding for health and development / Martin, R.D.; The challenges of breastfeeding in poor urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa / Kimani-Murage, E.W., Wekesah, F.M., Wanjohi, M., Nyamasege, C.K., Mutoni, S. & Macharia, T.; How environmental exposures early in life might influence
phenotypes of non-communicable diseases in Africa / Mandy, M., Lule, S.A. & Nyirenda, M.J.; Hyperglycaemia in pregnancy / Sobngwi, E.; Diabetes in pregnancy: lessons for developing countries / Yajnik, C.S., Wagle, S.S., Kumaran, K. & Krishnaveni, G.V.; Photo-essays: a creative format for effective communication / Stothers, L., Mukisa, R. & Macnab, A.J.; The World Health Organization’s ‘Health-Promoting School’ model: a potential avenue for developmental origins of health and disease education in Africa / Macnab, A.J.; An approach to reduce the blindness burden in sub-Saharan Africa: special focus on childhood blindness / Marmamula, S., Bharadwaj, S.R., Keeffe, J. & Balasubramanian, D.; School-based initiatives to reduce malaria morbidity and promote academic achievement in children / Macnab, A.J.; Intersectoral approaches to health and non-communicable
disease prevention in Africa / Oni, T.; Celebrity health promotion messaging: novel opportunities to engage youth in the developmental origins of health and disease / Macnab, A.J. & Mukisa, R.Publisher's versio
Direct Democracy and Bioethical Choices: Voting Life and Death at the Ballot Box
No full textDirect democracy, the political process that enables citizens to draft, circulate, and enact laws, has become the refuge for grassroots organizations seeking statutory validation in a legislative arena perceived to be unresponsive or unfriendly to their concerns. One group of citizens, advocates for physician-aid-in-dying, has recently emerged on the national scene, sponsoring state ballot initiatives in three states and pledging to continue their quest for legalization of physician-assisted death throughout the country. In this Article, Professor Daar examines the interplay between direct democracy and regulation of end-of-life decision making. This examination reveals that lawmaking by initiative, as seen through the campaigns to gain legalization of physician-aid-in-dying, is no less susceptible to the ravages of political wrangling than is representative democracy. Professor Daar argues that direct democracy is best utilized as a spur to legislative action rather than as a replacement for the study and compromise unique to legislating through representative democracy. In addition, the author advocates recognition of a constitutionally protected liberty interest in choices surrounding death, thus providing a threshold level of protection to all citizens, not just those whose lawmakers or citizens are motivated to codify this fundamental right
Review of Division 4, Part 3 of the Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002: face coverings and identification
No full textThis review examines whether new laws in New South Wales allow police to verify identification with appropriate regard to issues such as religious sensitivities.Executive summaryOn 1 November 2011 a new Division 4, Part 3 of the Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002 (LEPRA) was introduced, which authorised police to require that a person uncover their face when being identified. The Ombudsman was given the responsibility of scrutinising how police exercised their powers under this new law for the first year of its operation.Our review examined whether the new law allows police to perform a fundamental aspect of their work: verifying a person’s identification, with appropriate regard to issues such as religious sensitivities.For this review, we gathered information from the NSW Police Force, consulting relevant police records and individual officers; the Community Relations Commission (CRC); submissions received in response to our issues paper; other government agencies; and individuals and organisations whose members would be most affected by the new laws. We researched other laws in NSW concerning identification and non-compliance and reviewed relevant literature and media. A limitation of our review was the lack of quantitative data regarding uses of the power in the review period from which to draw any meaningful conclusions.Under the new law police can require that a person remove an item covering their face, such as a motorcycle helmet or a niqab, which is a face covering worn by some Muslim women in NSW. Removal of such items allows police to view a person’s entire face and compare it to any photo identification. The new law requires that this process must be conducted quickly and in a way that provides reasonable privacy if the person requests it, as far as is reasonably practicable.Police recorded using the power on eight occasions during the review period. On seven of those occasions police were verifying the identification of a female driver who was wearing a niqab. We also received some information that suggested that the new law may have been used on a small number of other occasions, but was not officially recorded. Even with these occasions included, the new law was used infrequently. In our view the officers involved generally used the law appropriately.We requested submissions from organisations or members of the public in relation to how police use of the new law might impact on individuals who wear any type of face covering. As significant concerns or issues were only raised in relation to women who wear the niqab, and police also recorded exercising the law almost exclusively in relation to this group, we closely considered issues raised by the application of the new law to this group of women.Although the law was not used much during the first 12 months of its operation, with a growing Muslim population in NSW it seems more likely than not that police may need to use it more frequently in the future. Further, the importance of these kinds of interactions going smoothly should not be underestimated. The public controversy that followed the case that led to the new law – involving a lone male police officer and a woman driver wearing a niqab – demonstrates how one interaction can escalate and spark a wider community response. Our scrutiny of the efficacy of the new law was therefore focused on whether the people directly affected by it, and the officers who use it, had any concerns. A large number of our research activities involved consultations with community groups and officers.In our view, the law has enhanced the process of identification for police. However, we also found that officers would benefit from additional guidance regarding issues, such as how to afford privacy in circumstances involving a driver, and interacting with women who wear a niqab in these circumstances. As the new law has been applied only within certain Local Area Commands, and often by officers from Traffic and Highway Patrol Command, we have recommended that enhanced policy and information materials should be targeted to officers from these Commands. We have also recommended that all officers be reminded of the procedural requirements under LEPRA when applying the new law.For the group most affected by the new law, Muslim women who wear a niqab, we found that while they recognised the need to uncover their face to be lawfully identified, they were reluctant to have a male police officer view their face. Members of this group were also concerned that other males present or passing by might view their face during this process.After considering these views, similarities between the removal of a niqab for identification and the concept of a search, and related laws that apply to some other NSW public officials, we have recommended that LEPRA be amended so that a female officer is made available for women who wear a niqab, but only where this is reasonably practicable under the circumstances. Our recommended guidance for officers regarding simple methods for affording privacy, like having the person face away from any onlookers when they uncover their face, will also assist in addressing the issue of any male bystanders viewing a woman’s face.From the information available, it appears that women who wear a niqab have relatively little knowledge about the provisions of the new law, including those that give people the opportunity to seek further privacy when uncovering their face. In our view, the full benefits of these important elements of the law will only be properly realised in practice, if steps are taken to better educate and inform the community and police officers.The CRC has funded the development of a resource kit and delivery of information sessions regarding new laws that relate to face coverings. We have recommended that the NSW Police Force participate, where appropriate, in this and any other similar strategies.It was also suggested that Roads and Maritime Services disseminate information about the new law for motor registry customers at the time of enrolment and licence renewals. As most uses of the new law have involved traffic matters, the issuing of a new licence is recognised as a key moment when women who drive and wear the niqab could receive this information. We therefore recommended that Roads and Maritime Services develop public education materials, in consultation with the CRC and other relevant stakeholders.We will monitor the implementation of our recommendations, and have therefore made two further recommendations that both Roads and Maritime Services and the NSW Police Force provide us with information on their progress within 12 months of the tabling this report
Association between cardiac T2* magnetic resonance imaging values and endocrine function tests in patients with β-thalassemia major
No full text[No abstract available]Carpenter JP, 2011, CIRCULATION, V123, P1519, DOI 10.1161-CIRCULATIONAHA.110.007641; Kirk P, 2009, CIRCULATION, V120, P1961, DOI 10.1161-CIRCULATIONAHA.109.874487; Kirk P, 2010, J MAGN RESON IMAGING, V32, P315, DOI 10.1002-jmri.22245; Modell B, 2008, J CARDIOVASC MAGN R, V10, DOI 10.1186-1532-429X-10-42; Pennell DJ, 2013, CIRCULATION, V128, P281, DOI 10.1161-CIR.0b013e31829b2be6; Taher A.T., 2009, HEMOGLOBIN S1, V33, pS46; Westwood M, 2003, J MAGN RESON IMAGING, V18, P33, DOI 10.1002-jmri.10332; Wood JC, 2011, HEMATOL-AM SOC HEMAT, P443, DOI 10.1182-asheducation-2011.1.4430
Serum ferritin values between 300 and 800 ng/mL in nontransfusion-dependent thalassemia: A probability curve to guide clinical decision making when MRI is unavailable
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