3,367 research outputs found
Parte seconda: Riapprendere il proprio corpo. La relazione con sé e con gli altri, in F. D’Andrea, C. Mazzeschi, L. Laghezza, S. Bonucci, Corporeità e compresenza. Dalla psiche alla prossemia
No full textIl saggio vuole proporre una lettura trasversale di alcuni degli esiti più interessanti cui sono giunte le neuroscienze negli ultimi anni, sottolineando le affinità tra questi risultati e analoghe proposte formulate dalla filosofia e dalla sociologia. L’esigenza che il dialogo tra le diverse discipline che studiano il corpo si approfondisca e divenga prassi corrente appare sempre più urgente quando si esaminino le direttrici su cui si sta muovendo la cultura contemporanea: in particolare la sempre più marcata dicotomia tra reale e virtuale pone interrogativi cui tutti gli studiosi sono chiamati a rispondere.
Il primo punto su cui si concentra l’attenzione riguarda la stretta correlazione, scoperta da Damasio, tra le strutture più arcaiche del cervello, sede di quella che Goleman definisce «intelligenza emotiva», e la neocorteccia razionale per quanto riguarda l’elaborazione dello stesso pensiero razionale. La messa in evidenza di ciò che Damasio chiama «l’errore di Cartesio», ossia dell’impossibilità di un pensiero esclusivamente razionale, ha ricadute fondamentali sull’intera visione del mondo su cui la variante culturale dominante ha costruito il suo primato e sull’architettura stessa del sapere. In particolare, perde di senso lo stigma imposto alla sfera emotiva, mentre si rivelano i danni che esso ha causato.
Di ciò si occupa il secondo punto preso in considerazione. L’importanza della comunicazione non verbale (CNV) nei processi di apprendimento, socializzazione e relazione interpersonale, già constatata negli studi sociologici e della comunicazione, viene confermata da un gran numero di ricerche scientifiche e configurata in termini anche fisiologici, grazie alla scoperta di meccanismi mimetici inconsci e di apposite strutture neurali, come i neuroni-specchio. Questa componente concorre, assieme a quella culturale, a integrare ogni tipo di comunicazione ed entrambe sono state a lungo neglette dai modelli di comprensione e formazione a quella che chiamo «maestria interattiva», col risultato di diffondere una specifica ignoranza relazionale che sta rendendo sempre più fragile la trama della società.
Il problema più serio e al tempo stesso stimolante posto dall’elaborazione di un nuovo sapere della corporeità sta nella necessità che esso non sia soltanto razionale, ma integri in sé un livello imprescindibile di prassi, il recupero della forma estesa di propriocezione che apprezza e riconosce il proprio essere nello spazio, quel che Heidegger chiamava Dasein. Il saggio si chiude in un appello contraddittoriale al suo stesso superamento, in un’esortazione a rientrare in contatto con la realtà non mediata intellettualmente del corpo in movimento in un ambiente non artificiale. Si tratta della sola esperienza capace di rafforzare il discrimine tra reale e virtuale e consentire di resistere all’incanto delle sirene di quest’ultimo
Decentralisation, Pluralism, Indigenous Communities and Popular Power in Latin America between Unitary States and Federal States
No full textIn Latin American subcontinent, not only the federal State has distanced itself from the North American archetype, but also the unitary State has distanced itself from the Franco-Napoleonic model. In this context, the rigid separation between unitary State and federal State, which characterized the legal doctrine of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, can officially be considered obsolete. This is more evident if we analyze Latin American “federalisms” between popular power in the new “socialisms” of the 21st century, decentralization, pluralism and indigenous communities-nations
Decentramento, pluralismo, comunità indigene e potere popolare in America latina tra Stati unitari e Stati federali.
No full textNel subcontinente latinoamericano lo Stato federale ha ormai preso le distanze dall’archetipo nordamericano, così come lo Stato unitario ha preso le distanze dal modello franco- napoleonico. In questo contesto, la rigida separazione tra Stato unitario e Stato composto, che ha caratterizzato la dottrina giuridica dell’Ottocento e del Novecento, può ufficialmente ritenersi superata, soprattutto se si analizzano i “federalismi” latinoamericani, tra potere popolare nei nuovi “socialismi” del XXI secolo, decentramento, pluralismo e comunità-nazioni indigene
Bluetongue outbreaks: Looking for effective control strategies against Culicoides vectors
No full textSeveral arthropod-borne diseases are now rising with increasing impact and risks for public health, due to environmental changes and resistance to pesticides currently marketed. In addition to community surveillance programs and a careful management of herds, a next-generation of effective products is urgently needed to control the spread of these diseases, with special reference to arboviral ones. Natural product research can afford alternative solutions. Recently, a re-emerging of bluetongue disease is ongoing in Italy. Bluetongue is a viral disease that affects ruminants and is spread through the bite of bloodsucking insects, especially Culicoides species. In this review, we focused on the importance of vector control programs for prevention or bluetongue outbreaks, outlining the lack of effective tools in the fight against Culicoides vectors. Then, we analyzed a field case study in Sardinia (Italy) concerning the utilization of the neem cake (Azadirachta indica), to control young instar populations of Culicoides biting midges, the vectors of bluetongue virus. Neem cake is a cheap and eco-friendly by-product obtained from the extraction of neem oil. Overall, we propose that the employ of neem extraction by-products as aqueous formulations in muddy sites close to livestock grazing areas may represent an effective tool in the fight against the spread of bluetongue virus in the Mediterranean areas. © 2017 Elsevier Lt
Erratum to: Effect of moderate red wine intake on cardiac prognosis after recent acute myocardial infarction of subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Diabetic Medicine, (2006), 23, 9, (974-981), 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01886.x)
No full textIn an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola.In an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola
Independent Association of Erectile Dysfunction and Low Testosterone Levels With Life Dissatisfaction in Men With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
No full textBackground: The loss of global functional independence, along with bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunctions, may contribute to psychological distress and life dissatisfaction after spinal cord injury (SCI). Aim: To explore the relationship of erectile function and androgenic status with life satisfaction, independently from confounders recognizable in spinal cord–injured men. Methods: 100 consecutive men (49 ± 17 years) admitted to a rehabilitation program because of chronic SCI (≥1 year) underwent clinical/biochemical evaluations, including the assessment of life and sexual satisfaction using the Life-Satisfaction Questionnaire-9 (LiSat-9), erectile function using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5), global and bowel-bladder functional independence using the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) and measurement of total testosterone (TT) levels. The free testosterone level was calculated using the Vermeulen formula. Outcomes: The outcomes include the relationship between sexual health and life satisfaction in men with SCI. Results: A LiSat-9 score <4, suggestive for life dissatisfaction, was exhibited by 49% of men. When compared with the life-satisfied group, a significantly higher percentage of them had sexual dissatisfaction and erectile dysfunction (ED); they also exhibited significantly lower levels of TT and calculated free testosterone (cFT) and a more severe impairment of bowel-bladder function. The life satisfaction degree correlated with sexual satisfaction degree, IIEF-5 score, TT, cFT, and bowel-bladder function degree. At the logistic regression model, including sexual LiSat-9 subscore and bowel-bladder SCIM subscore, only the former exhibited a significant negative association with life dissatisfaction. In a further logistic regression model, including the putative key determinants of sexual satisfaction, erectile function, and cFT levels, a higher odd of life dissatisfaction was independently associated both with a lower IIEF-5 score (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.98) and lower cFT levels (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.98, 0.99). Clinical Implications: In men with chronic SCI, assessment of erectile function and testosterone levels can help to predict life satisfaction. Strengths & Limitations: This is the first demonstration of the independent association of androgen deficiency and ED with life satisfaction in men with SCI. Prospective studies are warranted to clarify the cause-effect relationships. Conclusions: In men with SCI, ED and low testosterone levels exhibit a significant independent association with life dissatisfaction; longitudinal intervention studies could explore possible effects of their treatment in improving sexual and life satisfaction in this population. D'Andrea S, Minaldi E, Castellini C, et al. Independent Association of Erectile Dysfunction and Low Testosterone Levels With Life Dissatisfaction in Men With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury. J Sex Med 2020;XX:XXX–XXX
Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation in Homosexual and Heterosexual Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies
No full textIntroduction: Comparative studies on differences in sexual function outcomes between homosexual and heterosexual men are sparse and inconclusive. Aim: To systematically evaluate whether, and to what extent, a statistically significant difference exists in the odds of erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE) between homosexual and heterosexual men. Methods: A thorough search of Medline, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases was carried out to identify case-control studies comparing the prevalence of ED and PE in homosexual and heterosexual men. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Odds ratios (ORs) of reporting ED and PE were combined using random effect models. The Cochrane Q and I2 tests were carried out to analyze the between-studies heterogeneity. Funnel plots and trim-and-fill analysis were used to assess publication bias. Main Outcome Measures: The relationship between sexual orientation and odds of ED and PE was assessed by calculating pooled ORs with a 95% CI. Results: 4 studies included in the quantitative analysis collectively provided information on 1,807 homosexual and 4,055 heterosexual men. The pooled ORs indicated that homosexual orientation was associated with 1.5-fold higher odds of reporting ED (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.03–2.16; P =.04) and 28.0% lower odds of reporting PE in comparison to the heterosexual orientation (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.52–1.00; P =.05). However, a significant heterogeneity among the studies was observed. Funnel plots revealed a possible publication bias only for the ED analysis, where the trim-and-fill test detected a putative missing study. Nevertheless, even when the pooled estimate was adjusted for publication bias, there was a significantly higher risk of ED in the homosexual group (adjusted OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.10–2.30; P =.01). Clinical Implications: These findings can drive future studies on sexual needs and concerns of homosexual men, which might not exactly match those of heterosexual individuals. Strength & Limitations: This is the first meta-analysis exploring the differences in the prevalence of ED and PE between homosexual and heterosexual men. However, the results should be interpreted with caution, because their generalization could be hindered by the non-probabilistic nature of the samples, and a measurement bias could result from the use of different non-standardized indicators of sexual dysfunctions. Conclusion: Homosexual orientation is associated with higher odds of ED and lower odds of PE compared with heterosexual orientation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the clinical significance of these findings and whether they reflect differences in patterns of sexual lifestyle. Barbonetti A, D'Andrea S, Cavallo F, et al. Erectile Dysfunction and Premature Ejaculation in Homosexual and Heterosexual Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies. J Sex Med 2019;16:624–632
Sindacato
No full textL’inattuazione delle disposizioni costituzionali sul sindacato con personalità giuridica; la disciplina civilistica del sindacato come associazione non riconosciuta; gli statuti sindacali e le organizzazioni complesse; il recesso degli associati e le delibere dell’associazione; gli scopi del sindacato e il rapporto con i lavoratori non iscritti; il pluralismo sindacale e i modelli organizzativi; l’organizzazione sindacale dei lavoratori sul territorio; l’organizzazione dei lavoratori interna alle aziende; l’organizzazione sindacale dei datori di lavoro; gli enti bilaterali; la partecipazione dei sindacati a funzioni pubbliche; la concertazione sociale dell’economia: sono questi i profili esaminati nella voce enciclopedica riguardante il “sindacato”
Corpus Iuris Canonici. Decretales. Decretales
No full textTít. tomado del explicit del Liber secundus (h. 307v); en el del liber primus consta: "Explicit primus liber novelle"Perg.; cuadernos con nº variable de h.; signaturas y reclamos en la mayoría de los cuadernos; foliación moderna ; pautado a lápiz de plomo; caja de escr.: 339 x 220; espacio interlineal: 2 mmFaltan al menos las h. con sign. a\b1-2\s y a\b9-10\s; los reclamos de las h. 80 y 130 no coinciden con el inicio del texto del cuaderno siguienteInicial con miniatura historiada policromada y orla rodeando el texto en h. 164r; iniciales policromadas fitomórficas e iniciales a tinta roja y azul con rasgueos; calderones con tinta roja y azu
A Spatial Signal of Niche Differentiation in Tropical Forests
No full textExplaining diversity in tropical forests remains a challenge in community ecology. Theory tells us that species differences can stabilize communities by reducing competition, while species similarities can promote diversity by reducing fitness differences and thus prolonging the time to competitive exclusion. Combined, these processes may lead to clustering of species such that species are niche differentiated across clusters and share a niche within each cluster. Here, we characterize this partial niche differentiation in a tropical forest in Panama by measuring spatial clustering of woody plants and relating these clusters to local soil conditions. We find that species were spatially clustered and the clusters were associated with specific concentrations of soil nutrients, reflecting the existence of nutrient niches. Species were almost twice as likely to recruit in their own nutrient niche. A decision tree algorithm showed that local soil conditions correctly predicted the niche of the trees with up to 85% accuracy. Iron, zinc, phosphorus, manganese, and soil pH were among the best predictors of species clusters.Numerous organizations have provided funding, principally the National Science Foundation, and hundreds of field-workers have contributed.Peer reviewe
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