77 research outputs found
Indonesia against the trend? Ageing and inter-generational wealth flows in two Indonesian communities
No full textIndonesian family systems do not conform to the prevailing image of Asian families, the predominant arrangements being nuclear and bilateral, with an important matrilineal minority. This paper considers the strength of family ties in two communities, focussing particularly on inter-generational flows of support to and from older members. Data are drawn from a longitudinal anthropological demography that combines ethnographic and panel survey methods. Several sources of variation in family ties are detailed, particularly the heterogeneity of support flows - balanced, upward, and downward - that co-exist in both communities. Different norms in each locale give sharply contrasting valuations of these flows. The ability of families to observe norms is influenced by the effectiveness of networks and by socio-economic status
Intention and motor representation in purposive action
No full textAre there distinct roles for intention and motor representation in explaining the purposiveness of action? Standard accounts of action assign a role to intention but are silent on motor representation. The temptation is to suppose that nothing need be said here because motor representation is either only an enabling condition for purposive action or else merely a variety of intention. This paper provides reasons for resisting that temptation. Some motor representations, like intentions, coordinate actions in virtue of representing outcomes; but, unlike intentions, motor representations cannot feature as premises or conclusions in practical reasoning. This implies that motor representation has a distinctive role in explaining the purposiveness of action. It also gives rise to a problem: were the roles of intention and motor representation entirely independent, this would impair effective action. It is therefore necessary to explain how intentions interlock with motor representations. The solution, we argue, is to recognise that the contents of intentions can be partially determined by the contents of motor representations. Understanding this content-determining relation enables better understanding how intentions relate to actions
Differential impacts of migration on the family networks of older people in Indonesia: a comparative analysis
No full textDistance migration has long been familiar to Indonesians, given the country’s size and multi-island geography. Current transnational movement further extends this experience, as one of several movement options. Longitudinal demographic and anthropological study of three Indonesian communities provides comparative evidence of the structure and variation of movement, with particular reference to impacts of younger people’s migration on the older generation. The gradual expansion of network migration over ever-greater distances reveals local dynamics that underlie a more general historical process. The norm is one in which a network balance is struck between the activities of elders and their children, some of whom are living nearby, whilst others live at varying distances away. Significant material advantages of remittances and other support are more likely to accrue to members of higher socio-economic strata, and to those with more cohesive kin networks. In poorer strata, distance migration tends to provide one of a number of supports that enable families to survive, but not to improve their situation substantially. Remittances from transnational migrants, as with internal distance migration, are important chiefly as expressions of network solidarity. One of their principal requirements is usually the continuing role of elders’ own active network contributions
Inter-generational family support provided by older people in Indonesia
No full textMost social research on ageing in Asia has focused on the support provided by adult children to their parents, and thereby suggests that as a matter of course older people are in need of support. This paper offers a different perspective. Drawing on ethnographic and quantitative data from a village in East Java, it examines the extent of older people's dependence on others and highlights the material and practical contributions that they make to their families. It is shown that only a minority of older people are reliant on children or grandchildren for their daily survival. In the majority of cases, the net flow of inter-generational support is either downwards – from old to young – or balanced. Far from merely assisting with childcare and domestic tasks, older people are often the economic pillars of multi-generational families. Pension and agricultural incomes serve to secure the livelihoods of whole family networks, and the accumulated wealth of older parents is crucial for launching children into economic independence and underwriting their risks. Parental generosity does not generally elicit commensurate reciprocal support when it is needed, leaving many people vulnerable towards the end of their lives
Kehidupan dan perawatan lansia di Yogyakarta
No full textFilm pendek ini menggambarkan realita perawatan lansia di Jawa, khususnya di Yogyakarta. Film ini merupakan hasil dari proyek penelitian etnografis komparatif tentang Jaringan Perawatan Lansia di lima wilayah di Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan kerjasama antara Universitas Katolik Atma Jaya di Jakarta dan Universitas Southampton, Oxford dan Loughborough di Inggris. Penelitian dipimpin oleh Associate Professor Elisabeth Schroeder-Butterfill (University of Southampton) dan Profesor Yvonne S. Handajani (Unika Atma Jaya) dan didanai oleh Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), Inggris
Intuitions about joint commitment
No full textIn what sense is commitment essential to joint action, and do the participants in a joint action themselves perceive commitment as essential? Attempts to answer this question have so far been hampered by clashes of intuition. Perhaps this is because the intuitions in question have mostly been investigated using informal methods only. To explore this possibility, we adopted a more formal approach to testing intuitions about joint action, sampling naïve participants’ intuitions about experimentally controlled scenarios. This approach did reveal patterns in participants’ responses which may hint at potential conceptual links between commitment and joint action. It did not however provide evidence to support the view that commitment is essential to joint action, at least not from the agents’ own perspective. We conclude that intuitions alone, even when drawn systematically from a large sample, may be a poor basis for theorizing about joint action
Kader dan home visit lansia di Yogyakarta
No full textFilm pendek ini menggambarkan nilai dan kontribusi yang diberikan oleh kader di Yogyakarta (Indonesia) terhadap kehidupan para lansia yang tidak dapat lagi keluar rumah untuk mengakses layanan kesehatan. Terdapat dua gambaran kegiatan dalam film ini. Gambaran pertama merupakan kegiatan Kader Home Visit di area intervensi percontohan yang merupakan bagian dari proyek penelitian tentang jaringan perawatan lansia di Indonesia, didanai oleh Economic and Social Research Council (Inggris). Gambaran kedua merupakan kegiatan Pendamping Home Care dari salah satu Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial (LKS) yang ada di Yogyakarta. Adapun penelitian tentang jaringan perawatan lansia di Indonesia dipimpin oleh Associate Professor Elisabeth Schroeder-Butterfill (University of Southampton) dan Professor Yvonne S. Handajani (Unika Atma Jaya). Kegiatan ini merupakan kerjasama antara Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jakarta; Universitas Southampton; HelpAge International; Universitas Oxford dan Universitas Loughborough
Towards a mechanistically neutral account of acting jointly : the notion of a collective goal
No full textAnyone who has ever walked, cooked or crafted with a friend is in a position to know that acting jointly is not just acting side-by-side. But what distinguishes acting jointly from acting in parallel yet merely individually? Four decades of philosophical research have yielded broad consensus on a strategy for answering this question. This strategy is \emph{mechanistically committed}; that is, it hinges on invoking states of the agents who are acting jointly (often dubbed ‘shared’, ‘we-’ or ‘collective’ intentions). Despite the consensus, enduring disagreement remains. The disagreement may be a consequence of the strategy; at least this is plausible enough to motivate considering the prospects for an alternative. Our aim is therefore to draw attention to a coherent alternative that is present in the literature but often overlooked. This alternative is \emph{mechanistically neutral}: it avoids invoking states of agents. Implementing the alternative, we introduce the notion of a collective goal and a characterisation of acting jointly which meets criteria standardly used in evaluating other accounts and may have some advantages over those accounts
On a puzzle about relations between thought, experience and the motoric
No full textMotor representations live a kind of double life. Although paradigmatically involved in performing actions, they also occur when merely observing others act and sometimes influence thoughts about the goals of observed actions. Further, these influences are content-respecting: what you think about an action sometimes depends in part on how that action is represented motorically in you. The existence of such content-respecting influences is puzzling. After all, motor representations do not feature alongside beliefs or intentions in reasoning about action; indeed, thoughts are inferentially isolated from motor representations. So how could motor representations have content-respecting influences on thoughts? Our aim is to solve this puzzle. In so doing, we shall provide the basis for an account of how experience links the motoric with thought. Such an account matters for understanding how humans think about action: in some cases, we have reasons for thoughts about actions that we would not have if we were unable to represent those actions motorically
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