426 research outputs found
Towards a framework for the evaluation of policies of cluster upgrading and innovation
No full textIn the current scenario, a large and growing number of policies for local development and cluster upgrading explicitly incorporate the idea of innovation as a systemic process, embedded in specific socio-cultural and institutional contexts and intermingled with international challenges, opportunities, and strategies. These policies bring new challenges to the activities of analysis and evaluation: despite the diffusion of a systemic approach both in innovation thinking and in innovation policies, a proper system-based framework for the analysis and evaluation of these policies is far from being achieved (Bellandi and Caloffi, 2010). Trying to advance our reflection on this field, we propose some exemplifications on a quite delimited set of contexts, i.e. those of industrial districts (Italian, in particular), characterized by SMEs clusters facing contemporary globalization challenges. Focusing on innovation policies aimed at supporting functional upgrading of districts and clusters soaked in changing international filières and value chains, the paper discusses the meaning of evaluation of industrial policies when a systemic perspective is considered. On such premises a couple of exemplifications are illustrate some features of appropriate evaluation methods. Finally, some methodological aspects concerning the design process of evaluation activities are discussed.Evaluation of policies; systemic approaches to evaluation; innovation and cluster policies; industrial districts
Data Fusion and Graph Analysis in Fraud Transaction Detection: walkthrough of a case study
No full textThe use of data acquisition and fusion techniques allow to generate event graphs in support of criminal investigations. In this paper, an anonymized real case study will be presented to identify undue transactions through graph analysis. All the steps of an investigation protocol are illustrated by describing how the tools adopted in this paper allow to semi-automatically analyze huge amounts of data coming from different nature, identifying suspicious transactions with high precision
An NLP-based statistical reporting methodology applied to court decisions
No full textNatural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms
have significantly advanced the capabilities of understanding,
processing and generating human language. However, one persis-
tent challenge in NLP is the problem of uncertainty, due e.g. to the
inherent complexity of human language, variations in language
usage across different contexts and domains, and the presence of
noisy or incomplete data. In this work we take in consideration
this problem for statistics derived from court documents by NLP
systems
Maestro delle Madonne di marmo, Madonna col Bambino, Rocca San Casciano, S. Maria delle Lacrime
No full text
Gender Discriminatory Language Identification with an Hybrid Algorithm based on Syntactic Rules and Machine Learning
No full textIn the last years, gender discrimination in textual documents has emerged as an open problem and is undergoing analysis. The difficulty of identifying sentences in which this discrimination is present is linked to the context used and the formalisms adopted. This work describes an exploratory activity linked to the context of regulations and official documents of Italian public administrations. A hybrid algorithm based on syntactic rules and machine learning is therefore proposed, capable of identifying a specific subset of possible gender discrimination
A Service Architecture for AI-based Legal Knowledge Extraction
No full textThe paper presents a reference service architecture for legal knowledge extraction based on a combination of Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning techniques/services. A case-study as well as experimental results are presented based on a pilot dataset of civil court decisions in the framework of the NGUPP project funded by the Italian Ministry of Justice
Advanced localization of mobile terminal
No full textToday's pervasive collaboration environments, together with the recent technical enhancements of sensing technologies have boosted the development of a new branch of online services whose functionalities are based on their users' physical position. Many new services are being planned which conveniently exploit the knowledge of users' location, determined thanks to the mobile devices (e.g. cell phones) users carry on them. Specifically, geolocation of mobile terminals relies on the cellular network infrastructure and protocols to provide a reliable and accurate estimate of mobile terminals position, without the need of global positioning systems, such as GPS. In this paper, we present a novel lookup table correlation technique for geolocation, with multiple position estimation and optimal location techniques. Our approach provides high precision in location and tracking, thanks to the usage of advanced propagation models for mobile radio networks design, and to the querying of GIS (Geographical Information Systems), in conjunction with Kalman predictive filtering
Le politiche di supporto all'upgrading dei cluster e distretti con specializzazione in industrie mature: una rassegna di esperienze europee
No full textL'obiettivo di questo lavoro è una rassegna della letteratura sull'upgrading dei cluster a specializzazione tradizionale o tipica (matura) con particolare attenzione alle politiche di supporto dei cambiamenti strutturali in corso nelle economie.
La letteratura sui cluster è molto ampia, con attenzione particolare ai settori high tech (ad alto contenuto di tecnologia), generatori d’innovazioni che possono avere un impatto su tutto il resto dell’economia. Nonostante questa ampiezza di analisi, molte questioni di ricerca rimangono ancora oggi senza una risposta. La definizione stessa dei cluster non è univoca. Se l’importanza dei legami tra attori, che permette la trasmissione delle conoscenze, in un clima di fiducia e capitale sociale alto è stata messa in evidenza, le ragioni precise per cui un cluster ha successo rispetto ad un altro non sono chiare. Un cluster può nascere e svilupparsi in una regione e non in un’altra, anche se le due regioni sono simili dal punto di vista delle risorse tangibili e intangibili, del capitale sociale, della struttura industriale. L’evidenza sulle politiche a favore dei cluster è mista, in parte a causa delle incertezze menzionate sopra, che implicano una mancanza di raccomandazioni di politiche a livello teorico, ma anche perché non esiste un’evidenza empirica sistematica. La letteratura sviluppa soprattutto analisi di casi di cluster la cui generalizzazione è difficile.
La rassegna della letteratura e l’analisi di casi specifici realizzati in questo lavoro permettono di mettere in evidenza alcuni parametri importanti da considerare nella formulazione di politiche di upgrading dei settori maturi. Ad esempio, sembra importante non puntare su un solo settore ma su diversi settori, nel senso di mirare, a livello regionale, su diversi cluster, attraverso la creazione di nuovi cluster a partire da una base esistente e l’upgrading di cluster esistenti, per basare la competitività regionale sulla diversità e evitare la vulnerabilità legata alla specializzazione eccessiva. Un altro aspetto riguarda le potenzialità di incontro tra basi di conoscenza dei vari attori, in particolare tra imprese dei settori maturi, imprese high tech e università. Inoltre, la creazione di ‘facilitatori’ o ‘organizzatori’ dei cluster come la SFG in Styria appare molto importante. Il lavoro mostra le linee generali delle politiche di successo, perché gli strumenti specifici devono essere scelti e combinati tenendo conto delle caratteristiche dei territori
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