19 research outputs found
Ear and nose involvement in systemic diseases
No full textA whole range of otolaryngeal manifestations may occur as complications or represent the first symptom and sign of a variety of systemic diseases. Otolaryngologists are often the first physicians to recognize that otolaryngeal abnormalities are symptomatic of a broader disease and mandate a systemic approach to the problem. In the present study, the authors focus primarily on ear, nose and throat manifestations that may occur in the context of systemic diseases, discussing clinical manifestations and reviewing the salient histologic, laboratory, and serologic features
Stress ossidativo e invecchiamento : l'inattivazione dell'istone-deacetilasi, chiave di volta nella resistenza agli steroidi in pazienti con broncopneumopatia cronica ostruttiva (BPCO)
No full textInflammatory lung diseases are characterized by increased expression of multiple inflammatory genes that are regulated by pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as nuclear factor-κB and AP-1. Gene expression is regulated by acetylation of core histones through the action of activators with intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity. Conversely gene repression is mediated via histone deacetylases and other corepressors. By contrast with patients with asthma, those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poorly responsive to the anti-inflammatory action of steroids and these drugs provide little clinical benefit. Steroids recruit histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC2) to the actively transcribing gene, which switches of inflammatory gene transcription. It is proposed that in patients with COPD, HDAC2 function is impaired by cigarette smoking and oxidative stress, leading to a pronounced reduction in responsiveness to corticosteroids. This proposal rises the possibility that novel therapeutic approaches might unlock this corticosteroids resistance, leading to more effective anti-inflammatory treatments for COPD and other severe inflammatory diseases
La Glibenclamide per via orale riduce acutamente la risposta coronarica alla adenosina in un sottogruppo di pazienti diabetici
No full textLa Glibenclamide per via orale riduce acutamente la risposta coronarica alla adenosina nell'uomo
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URARTIANS: A CIVILIZATION IN THE EASTERN ANATOLIA
No full textMÖ 9. yüzyıldan itibaren Tuşpa merkezli olarak ortaya çıkan Urartu Krallığı’nın kuruluş süreci kaynakların kısıtlı olması nedeniyle tam anlamıyla açıklığa kavuşturulmuş değildir. Bu dönem genellikle Assur yazıtlarında geçen ‘Uruatri’ ve ‘Nairi’ gibi birtakım tanımlamalarla açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. MÖ 13. yüzyıldan itibaren Assur kaynaklarında coğra? birtakım adlandırmalar olarak kullanılan bu terimlerden Uruatri’nin Urartu Krallığı ile ilişkisi ancak MÖ 9. yüzyıldan itibaren kurulabilir. Bu ilişkinin kurulabilmesinde ise Urartulu kralların Assur karşısında ciddi bir siyasi rakip haline dönüşmesi etkilidir. Urartular kendilerini en erken yazıtlarında Nairi Kralı olarak övmektedir. Assur yazıtlarında Nairi bölgesinin güney sınırı olduğunu bildiğimiz Yukarı Dicle Bölgesine ise Assur II. Aşurnasirpal döneminden itibaren yeniden hâkim olmaya başlamıştır. Assur kralları bu dönemde Nairi bölgesinde Nairi’li kitlelerin Assur kentine sürgün edilmesi, Nairi’li krallarının oğullarını ‘yetiştirmek üzere’ esir alınması gibi çeşitli faaliyetler gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Assur’un rakiplerine karşı uyguladığı bu uygulamalar sayesinde Assur kentlerinde çeşitli görevlerde bulunan kişi veya topluluklar bürokrasi, metal işçiliği ve yazı gibi birçok yeniliğin Urartu’ya taşınmasına öncülük etmiş olabilir. Assur belgelerinde ilk kez Urartu kralı olarak adı geçen Aramu’ya ait herhangi bir ?lolojik veya arkeolojik bulgu yoktur. Bilinen ilk Urartu yazıtları Lutipri oğlu Sarduri ile ortaya çıkmaya başlar. Bu dönemden itibaren başkent Tuşpa merkezli olarak gelişmeye başlayan Urartular yaklaşık 200 yılı aşkın bir süre Doğu Anadolu, Kuzeybatı İran ve Aras Havzasında etkili olmayı başarmıştır
The scaffold protein p140Cap limits ERBB2-mediated breast cancer progression interfering with Rac GTPase-controlled circuitries
No full textThe docking protein p140Cap negatively regulates tumour cell features. Its relevance on breast cancer patient survival, as well as its ability to counteract relevant cancer signalling pathways, are not fully understood. Here we report that in patients with ERBB2-amplified breast cancer, a p140Cap-positive status associates with a significantly lower probability of developing a distant event, and a clear difference in survival. p140Cap dampens ERBB2-positive tumour cell progression, impairing tumour onset and growth in the NeuT mouse model, and counteracting epithelial mesenchymal transition, resulting in decreased metastasis formation. One major mechanism is the ability of p140Cap to interfere with ERBB2-dependent activation of Rac GTPase-controlled circuitries. Our findings point to a specific role of p140Cap in curbing the aggressiveness of ERBB2-amplified breast cancers and suggest that, due to its ability to impinge on specific molecular pathways, p140Cap may represent a predictive biomarker of response to targeted anti-ERBB2 therapies
Nationwide assessment of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles gambiae populations from Zimbabwe.
No full textBACKGROUND: The scale-up of malaria interventions in sub-Saharan Africa has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in insecticide resistance in Anopheles spp. In Zimbabwe resistance to pyrethroid insecticides was reported in Gokwe District in 2008. This study reports results of the first nation-wide assessment of insecticide susceptibility in wild populations of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) in Zimbabwe, and provides a comprehensive review of the insecticide resistance status of An. gambiae s.l. in southern African countries. METHODS: World Health Organization (WHO) insecticide susceptibility tests were performed on 2,568 field collected mosquitoes originating from 13 sentinel sites covering all endemic regions in Zimbabwe in 2011-2012. At each site, 24-hour mortality and knock-down values for 50% and 90% of exposed mosquitoes (KD50 and KD90, respectively) were calculated for pools of 20-84 (mean, 54) mosquitoes exposed to 4% DDT, 0.1% bendiocarb, 0.05% λ-cyhalothrin or 5% malathion. Susceptibility results from Zimbabwe were compiled with results published during 2002-2012 for all southern African countries to investigate the resistance status of An. gambiae s.l. in the region. RESULTS: Using WHO criteria, insecticide resistance was not detected at any site sampled and for any of the insecticide formulations tested during the malaria transmission season in 2012. Knock-down within 1 hr post-insecticide exposure ranged from 95% to 100%; mortality 24 hours post-insecticide exposure ranged from 98% to 100%. Despite the lack of insecticide resistance, high variability was found across sites in KD50 and KD90 values. A total of 24 out of 64 (37.5%) sites in southern Africa with reported data had evidence of phenotypic insecticide resistance in An. gambiae s.l. to at least one insecticide. CONCLUSION: Despite a long history of indoor residual spraying of households with insecticide, up to 2012 there was no evidence of phenotypic resistance to any of the four insecticide classes in An. gambiae s.l. collected across different eco-epidemiological areas in Zimbabwe. Results reinforce the need for careful monitoring over time in sentinel sites in order to detect the potential emergence and propagation of insecticide resistance as insecticidal vector control interventions in Zimbabwe continue to be implemented
Correction: Author Correction: The scaffold protein p140Cap limits ERBB2-mediated breast cancer progression interfering with Rac GTPase-controlled circuitries
No full textNature Communications 8: Article number: 14797 (2017); Published online 16 March 2017; Updated 30 March 2018 In the original version of this Article, the affiliation details for Anna Sapino were incorrectly given as Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy instead ofCandiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str.</jats:p
