5,383 research outputs found
Corpus la Repubblica SSLMIT
No full textInterfaccia Web al corpus la Repubblica/SSLMIT, al momento della creazione il piu' grande corpus di italiano scritto liberamente interrogabile.
Vedi: M. Baroni, S. Bernardini, F. Comastri, L. Piccioni, A. Volpi, G. Aston, M. Mazzoleni. 2004. Introducing the "la Repubblica" corpus: A large, annotated, TEI(XML)-compliant corpus of newspaper Italian. Proceedings of LREC 2004
Dynamic filtering of static dipoles in magnetoencephalography
No full textWe consider the problem of estimating neural activity from measurements
of the magnetic fields recorded by magnetoencephalography. We exploit
the temporal structure of the problem and model the neural current as a
collection of evolving current dipoles, which appear and disappear, but whose
locations are constant throughout their lifetime. This fully reflects the physiological
interpretation of the model.
In order to conduct inference under this proposed model, it was necessary
to develop an algorithm based around state-of-the-art sequential Monte
Carlo methods employing carefully designed importance distributions. Previous
work employed a bootstrap filter and an artificial dynamic structure
where dipoles performed a random walk in space, yielding nonphysical artefacts
in the reconstructions; such artefacts are not observed when using the
proposed model. The algorithm is validated with simulated data, in which
it provided an average localisation error which is approximately half that of
the bootstrap filter. An application to complex real data derived from a somatosensory
experiment is presented. Assessment of model fit via marginal
likelihood showed a clear preference for the proposed model and the associated
reconstructions show better localisation
Data underpinning article "224-Gb/s Carrier-recovery-free Doubly Differential 2ASK-8PSK for Short-reach Optical Networks"
No full textWe propose and experimentally demonstrate a carrier-recovery-free 224-Gb/s dual-polarization doubly differential (DD) two-amplitude/eight-phase shift keyed (2ASK- 8PSK) signal for 100-km fiber transmission with coherent detection. An 11-tap multi-symbol DD (MSDD) decoding scheme helps reduce the penalty caused by two differential operations in conventional DD decoding, allowing an optical signal-to-noiseratio (OSNR) improvement of 3.7 dB for DD QPSK and 4.3 dB for DD 16QAM. By employing such decoding, a frequency offset (FO) tolerance of 16 GHz has been achieved in a DD 2ASK-8PSK system for a BER of ~1×10-3. Compared with a 224-Gb/s 16QAM system employing conventional carrier recovery algorithms, the proposed system is more robust to FOs, and the FO tolerance range is only limited by the effective receiver bandwidth
The Year's Work in Modern Language Studies... ed. for The Modern Humanities Research Association by S. C. Aston, vol. XV (1953), 1955
No full textR. M. The Year's Work in Modern Language Studies... ed. for The Modern Humanities Research Association by S. C. Aston, vol. XV (1953), 1955. In: Romania, tome 76 n°301, 1955. p. 126
The Aston Formation (? Proterozoic) on Prince of Wales Island, Arctic Canada
No full text Substantial exposures of a thick basal sedimentary sequence, the Aston Formation of Somerset Island, occur on eastern Prince of Wales Island and incorporate at least 2600 ft (793 m) of arkose, subarkose, and orthoquartzite, with minor dolostone, chert, and mudstone. The detrital sediments, derived from contemporary uplands on the site of the present Boothia Arch, accumulated in shallow marine to lagoonal environments. A thin, extensive, and distinctive stromatolitic dolostone in the two major exposures of the formation has an environmental and possibly a regional time–stratigraphic significance. Gabbro dikes and sills, some of them exceeding 1000 ft (305 m) in thickness, intrude the Aston Formation. </jats:p
Asioreicheia guenardi Balkenohl & Aston 2015, sp. nov.
No full textAsioreicheia guenardi sp. nov. Type material: Holotype ♂, with printed label "Locality: Lung Fu shan C.P., Hong Kong (Adjacent to Hong Kong University Campus)"; second printed label "Leg. Dr. Benoit Guénard & M. Wong. Hong Kong University"; blue handwritten label "1–2 of 25.xi.14 H.K.U. campus, alt 156 m HKG – winkler"; backside black printed "coll: B. Guénard Hong Kong, China"; second blue handwritten label "Clivini [sic!] sp I" backside black printed "Determined Paul Aston " (NMBE). Paratypes: 1 ♀: same data as holotype (CBB); 1 ♂, same data as holotype, but with blue handwritten label data "2 of 24.xi.14 HKU campus, HKG alt 295 m – winkler extractor"; backside black printed: "coll: B. Guénard Hong Kong, China "; second blue handwritten label " Clivinini sp I." backside black printed "Determined Paul Aston " (CAHK). Description (Figs. 1–4; habitus Figs. 1a, b) Measurements (n = 3): Body length 1.95–2.15 mm (X = 2.05 mm), width 0.70–0.77 mm (X = 0.72 mm), ratio length/width of pronotum 0.98–0.1.04 (X = 1.01), ratio length/width of elytra 1.53–1.55 (X = 1.55). Colour: Head, pronotum, dorsal and ventral surface middle to dark reddish brown. Vault of supraantennal plates, lateral teeth of clypeus light brown. Mandibles middle brown with carinae and apices darkened; mandibular and maxillar palpi yellowish-beige, transparent at apical tip; femora and tibiae yellowish red brown; tarsomeres, scapus and pedicellus light brown; antennomeres 3–11 yellowish-beige. Head (Fig. 2): A third narrower than pronotum. Clypeus and lateral teeth finely margined. Clypeus straight at anterior margin, lateral teeth moderately projecting, obtuse at tip, divided from supraantennal plates by indistinct obtuse-angular notches; clypeal field pentagonal, prolonged to frons as triangular elevation with sharp keel; frons moderately convex, with transverse rugae laterally to keel; clypeal field and frons with distinctly meshed reticulation. Supraantennal plates convex, smooth, laterally and posteriorly with distinct carina. Frontal furrows deep, diverging anteriorly and posteriorly of keel level. Anterior supraorbital setae situated at the end of supraorbital vault, the posterior ones at level of the end of genae; bilateral fovea bearing the clypeofrontal setae situated laterally and anteriorly to base of keel. Eyes reduced to a single convex to slightly globally protruding ommatidium, pointing anteriorly, surrounded by dark pigment; genae distinctly enlarged, higher than eyes, smooth. Labrum slightly trilobed anteriorly, with irregular reticulation, 5-setose. Mandible distinctly curved, acute at apex. Apical segment of maxillary palpomere slender, securiform, pointed at apex; apical segment of labial palpomere bottle-like, somewhat broadened, penultimate segment bisetose. Mentum bordered at base, lobes broadly rounded-off, apex of lobes with transverse rugae, median tooth not extending over lateral lobes; ligula with moderately long seta; antenna moderately long, extending up to posterior setigerous puncture of pronotum, scapus about as long as pedicellus, with one dorsoapical seta, third segment 1.5 times longer than wide, segments 4–10 moniliform, fully pubescent from segment 4 onwards. Pronotum: Outline subrectangular, in lateral view moderately convex, moderately to slightly convex to base. As wide as long, maximum width at middle. Lateral border slightly convex in middle part, convexity more distinct from posterior half to base. Reflexed lateral margin distinct, reaching from rounded anterior angles up to base, not joining anterior transverse line. Lateral channel narrow but distinct. Proepisternum tumid posterolaterally, well visible from above. Median line small, sharp, distinct, deeper at base, joining finely basal constriction (seen best at 140 x magnification), not joining anterior transverse line; anterior transverse line intimated, indistinct, visible in some specimens by its pigmentation; surface shiny, with irregular reticulation (seen best at 160 x magnification). Ring-like flange moderately convex (lateral view), constriction formed by row of rough foveae. Elytra: Moderately convex on disc, distinctly convex in basal third (lateral view). Outline regularly long-oval, maximum width at middle, margined from pedunculus to apex; margin serrate up to apical third, teeth of serration sharp basally, becoming indistinct apically; base nearly straight, with fine and smooth reflexed margin; humeral angle visible, obtuse; lateral channel broad from level of humerus to apex, narrow at middle, with fold-like carina near apex crossing lateral channel, with broad setigerous tubercles; setae robust, long. Suture at base somewhat impressed. Basal granula absent; basal setigerous puncture with distinct tubercle, situated in projected extension of first interval. No scutellar stria. Striae 1–3 consisting of partly connected punctures, 1–5 reaching base but not up to basal declivity, all becoming less impressed towards apex and laterally. First interval slightly to moderately convex, others flattened. Interval 3 with 10–12 and interval 5 with 7–8 fine setigerous punctures, located with nearly equal distance to each other but with irregular distance to striae, setae pili-like, short, fine, upright. Hind wings: Completely atrophied. Ventral surface: Submarginal furrow of proepisternum visible from level of anterior setigerous puncture to middle of pronotum where it is turning to the disc due to convexity of the proepisternum, surface with some fine transverse wrinkles. Furrow between prosternum and proepisternum narrow, distinct. Abdominal sternites nearly smooth; terminal segment with an indistinct and irregular reticulation in male (seen best at 160 x magnification), with irregular transverse reticulation in female; two apical setigerous punctures distant. Legs: Protibia: Surface with distinct longitudinal reticulation; lateral upper spine ventrally curved. Movable spur smaller than spine, nearly straight, ventrally curved at apex. Praeapical lateral denticle robust, sharp, second one smaller. Hind legs: Tarsomere 1 longer than tarsomeres 2+3 (ratio 12:10). Male genitalia (Figs. 3a–c): Median lobe moderately sclerotized, shape in ventral view about rectangularly arcuate in middle part, slightly flattened in apical half, somewhat distorted, apex formed by asymmetric rounded small spatula. Oroficium half as long as lobe, closing lips less sclerotized. Endophallus with numerous wrinkles, no spines or bristles visible (seen best at 500 x magnification). Parameres asymmetrically, ventral one much more slender and one third shorter than dorsal one, dorsal one twisted, each with two long setae at apex arising closely together. Genital ring wide, closed, oval-shaped, slightly distorted. Female genitalia: Coxostylus slender (Fig. 4), dorsoventrally moderately broadened (oval-funnel like), distinctly curved apically, slightly carinate nearly up to apex; with two broader moderately long ensiform setae in middle part arising from knob-like tubercles, and one conspicuously long lateral ensiform seta at base; with two long and two medium sized nematiforme setae. Variation: In the three specimens examined, the anterior transverse line of the pronotum is more or less distinctly visible as a clear line. The punctures of the stria on the elytra show high variation in strenght of impression and also vary in position. Differential diagnosis: Asioreicheia guenardi sp. nov. differs from the most related species A. chinensis ( BULIRSCH, MAGRINI & JIA, 2013) by the character states provided in Tab. 1. Other Asioreicheia species differ from A. guenardi as follows: A. margolata (BALKENOHL, 2005) does not have setigerous punctures on interval 5 of the elytra, and has an ovate shaped elytra. In A. vietnamica BULIRSCH & MAGRINI, 2014 and in A. fedorenkoi BULIRSCH & MAGRINI, 2014, the pronotum is longer than wide. Laoreicheia bulirschi BALKENOHL, 2005 exhibits two pairs of paramedian setae on the pronotum, and the elytra are completely serrate. In Reicheia moritai BALKENOHL, 2005 the proepisternum is not visible dorsally, the pronotum is distinctly cup-shaped, and the lateral channel of the elytra is smaller. For further differences compare Balkenohl (2005) and Bulirsch & Magrini (2014). Etymology: The name is a patronym of Dr. Benoit Guénard, Hong Kong, who collected the specimens. Distribution: Known from the type locality in Hong Kong. Zoogeographic considerations: Between the records of A. chinensis and A. guernardi sp. nov. there are three geographic barriers formed by: (1) the Xi and Bei river sections, (2) the Pearl delta rivers, (3) the sea. The specimens were found on Hong Kong Island, historically separated from the mainland by the sea forming a very deep 1 km wide channel. However, during the last ice age the sea receded for 50 km (B. Guénard, personal communication), and we have to assume that during this period this channel would have been a deep river. Heishiding National Reserve (the record of A. chinensis) is located between the He, Xi, and Bei river. All the rivers to the west of and including the Xi and Bei river sections are deeply cut rivers and will not have moved in 100,000's of years except for the point where the Xi meets the Bei which is on the Pearl river flood plain. The Pearl delta rivers are all massive, and there are a lot of them. But as they are on a flood plain, they will have all moved back and forth. So, it is supposed to be unlikely for a flightless terricol species to extend its distribution across these barriers and the delta. Habitat: The specimens were collected by soil sieving in a mature disturbed secondary forest with closed canopy and very dense leaf litter at altitudes between 156 and 295 meters. Remark: According to the label of the holo- and paratype of A. chinensis, this species was collected by "sifting of moist leaf litter in the dried-up stream beds and along the streams in the primary lowland forest", and at an altitude of 190–260 meters.Published as part of Balkenohl, Michael & Aston, Paul, 2015, Asioreicheia guenardi sp. nov. (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Clivinini), a new peculiar species from Hong Kong, pp. 1-12 in Contributions to Natural History 31 on pages 3-10, DOI: 10.5169/seals-787079, http://zenodo.org/record/628392
Bayesian classification with Gaussian processes
No full textWe consider the problem of assigning an input vector to one of m classes by predicting P(c|x) for c=1,...,m. For a two-class problem, the probability of class one given x is estimated by s(y(x)), where s(y)=1/(1+e-y). A Gaussian process prior is placed on y(x), and is combined with the training data to obtain predictions for new x points. We provide a Bayesian treatment, integrating over uncertainty in y and in the parameters that control the Gaussian process prior the necessary integration over y is carried out using Laplace's approximation. The method is generalized to multiclass problems (m>2) using the softmax function. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method on a number of datasets
Insular volume abnormalities associated with different transition probabilities to psychosis
No full textBackground Although individuals vulnerable to psychosis show brain volumetric abnormalities, structural alterations underlying different probabilities for later transition are unknown. The present study addresses this issue by means of voxel-based morphometry (VBM).
Method We investigated grey matter volume (GMV) abnormalities by comparing four neuroleptic-free groups: individuals with first episode of psychosis (FEP) and with at-risk mental state (ARMS), with either long-term (ARMS-LT) or short-term ARMS (ARMS-ST), compared to the healthy control (HC) group. Using three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we examined 16 FEP, 31 ARMS, clinically followed up for on average 3 months (ARMS-ST, n=18) and 4.5 years (ARMS-LT, n=13), and 19 HC.
Results The ARMS-ST group showed less GMV in the right and left insula compared to the ARMS-LT (Cohen's d 1.67) and FEP groups (Cohen's d 1.81) respectively. These GMV differences were correlated positively with global functioning in the whole ARMS group. Insular alterations were associated with negative symptomatology in the whole ARMS group, and also with hallucinations in the ARMS-ST and ARMS-LT subgroups. We found a significant effect of previous antipsychotic medication use on GMV abnormalities in the FEP group.
Conclusions GMV abnormalities in subjects at high clinical risk for psychosis are associated with negative and positive psychotic symptoms, and global functioning. Alterations in the right insula are associated with a higher risk for transition to psychosis, and thus may be related to different transition probabilities
20dB Net-Gain Polarization-Insensitive Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifier with >2THz Bandwidth
No full textA black-box polarization insensitive fiber optical parametric amplifier (PI-FOPA) is characterized for the first time using a commercial 127 Gb/s polarization-division multiplexed PDM-QPSK transponder within a multiplex of twenty-two equivalent DWDM signals across a 2.3 THz bandwidth portion of the C-band. The PI-FOPA employs a recently demonstrated diversity loop arrangement comprising two lengths of highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) with the parametric pump being removed after the first HNLF in both directions about the loop. This arrangement is named the Half-Pass Loop FOPA or HPL-FOPA. In total, a record equivalent 2.3 Tb/s of data is amplified within the HPL-FOPA for three different pump power regimes producing net-gains of 10 dB, 15 dB and 20 dB (averaged over all signals). For the latter two regimes, the gain bandwidth is observed to extend considerably beyond the C-band, illustrating the potential for this design to amplify signals over bandwidths commensurate with the EDFA and beyond. Under the 15 dB gain condition, the average OSNR penalty to achieve 10−3 bit error rate for all twenty three signals was found to be 0.5 ± 0.3 dB. Worst case penalty was 0.8 ± 0.3 dB, verifying the use of the architecture for polarization insensitive operation. The growth of four-wave mixing signal-signal crosstalk is additionally characterized and found to be gain independent for a fixed output power per signal. A simple effective length model is developed which predicts this behavior and suggests a new configuration for significantly reduced crosstalk
Legal Remedies for Victims of Unlawful Police Stops: European and Domestic Contexts (§ 6.2.2 The European Union Law; § 6.3.2 Italy),
No full textPolice stops, which may seem not too intrusive, especially if limited exclusively to identity checks, raise several important human rights issues, as well as ones relating to torts and administrative law. What is at stake is, of course, the right to personal liberty of the individual. Clearly, it should not be arbitrarily restricted, even if the time of the restriction is very limited. Moreover, as the ECtHR case law indicates, the right to privacy is another human right engaged by routine stops. Police stops, if used arbitrarily and excessively, may also endanger some other human rights and freedoms, such as freedom of assembly or speech.
This chapter will analyse legal remedies accessible to the individual whose rights were allegedly violated during a police stop. The topic is approached from the international and national perspective. Section 6.2 is devoted to legal remedies accessible within the European system of human rights protection. The ECHR, as interpreted by the ECtHR and EU law, are discussed as crucial elements of this system. In Sect. 6.3, systems of legal remedies for unlawful police stops in four European jurisdictions—Hungary, Italy, Poland, and England and Wales—are discussed. Conclusions are presented in Sect. 6.4. Since the domestic systems, as well as to some extent the international law, offer various legal remedies to the victims of unlawful stops, the focus in this chapter is limited to the ones that have a crucial significance in identifying violations of the rights of the individual
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