3 research outputs found
Measurement invariance of body image across the adult life span : can we compare across age and gender with body image measures?
No full textThe issue of body image has been widely discussed in the literature as it pertains to
adolescents and young adults; however, body image issues among older individuals, and
especially among older men, have been largely ignored. Many of the instruments used to
measure the theoretical construct of body image have largely been developed with younger
populations. However, before these instruments can be applied to older populations, they must
exhibit adequate cross-group equivalence. The hypotheses that the Multidimensional Body-
Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), the Appearance Schemas Inventory-Revised (ASI-R),
and the Body Image Quality of Life Inventory (BIQLI) can be used to make cross-age and
gender comparisons was examined in a sample of 422 men (185 young, 131 middle-aged, 106
older) and 840 women (364 young, 267 middle-aged, 209 older). The results of the
measurement invariance tests (i.e., configural, metric, and scalar) for the subscales of the
MBSRQ clearly illustrate that the multidimensional nature of body image is perceived quite
differently across the age and gender groups and thus the applicability of these subscales
depends on both the characteristics of the sample and the goals of the study. The results for the
ASI-R revealed that all groups, except for the older women, met requirements for all three
levels of invariance tested and that comparisons may be conducted across age group for men
and across gender for young and middle-aged adults. Results for the BIQLI indicated that
comparisons may be conducted across all age and gender groups. The inferences that may be
made at each level of configural, metric, and scalar invariance are highlighted. For those scales
exhibiting scalar invariance, appropriate comparisons are conducted and discussed.Education, Faculty ofEducational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department ofGraduat
Going beyond muscularity : developing a multidimensional measure of male body concerns
No full textUntil recently, concern with body shape and image has primarily been considered a female domain and body image concerns among men were all but ignored. Researchers are now beginning to address this gap in the literature, as evidenced by the rapid rise in the number of studies pertaining to male body image. However, there are currently only a limited number of body image measures available that attempt to tap male body image concern, with these measures predominantly focusing only on the drive for muscularity. As a result, these measures are likely excluding other aspects important to men’s body image.
The purpose of the current dissertation was to develop a multidimensional measure of male body image, named the Multidimensional Male Body Concerns Questionnaire (MMBCQ), and determine whether it yields reliable scores and valid interpretations. This purpose was achieved through a series of three studies. The first study consisted of a qualitative investigation that identified nine major aspects of men’s bodies and appearance that are most important to their body image. The second study developed items to assess these nine dimensions. A pilot test then reduced the original 55 items to a total of 39 items, which assessed the dimensions of muscularity, body fat, youthfulness, body hair, and penis. The third study refined the MMBCQ to a total of 35 items and provided additional reliability and validity evidence for the MMBCQ subscales. This new measure will allow researchers to extend their understanding of the male body image construct beyond muscularity alone. Through the use of a mixed methods approach and a combination of CTT and IRT, this dissertation uses modern validity theory to provide a comprehensive model of test development and validation.Education, Faculty ofEducational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department ofGraduat
A Study of Direct Author Subvention for Publishing Humanities Books at Two Universities: A Report to the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation by Indiana University and University of Michigan
No full textThis report was produced as the main deliverable from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Grant 41400692, “A Study of Direct Author Subvention for Publishing Humanities Books at Two Universities.” The Indiana University team led by PI Carolyn Walters, consisted of Jason Baird Jackson, Scott Smart, Nick Fitzgerald, Gary Dunham and Shayna Pekala. The University of Michigan team led by PI James Hilton consisted of Paul Courant, Sidonie Smith, Meredith Kahn, Charles Watkinson, Jim Ottaviani, and Aaron McCollough. Lead authorship of the different sections in this report is indicated in the opening paragraphs.This white paper presents recommendations about how a system of monographic publication fully funded by subventions from authors’ parent institutions might function, based on research activities supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation at Indiana University and the University of Michigan. While the contributors present a strong argument for implementing such an “author subvention” system, they describe a number of challenges and potential unintended consequences. Particular issues discussed include how to determine which publishers would be eligible for support, how best to support untenured faculty, and how to avoid disenfranchising scholars at less well-funded institutions.Andrew W. Mellon Foundationhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113671/1/IU Michigan White Paper 09-15-2015.pdfDescription of IU Michigan White Paper 09-15-2015.pdf : White pape
