91 research outputs found
Thalestrella psammophila, comb. nov.
No full textThalestrella psammophila (Wells, 1967) comb. nov. Karllangia psammophila Wells, 1967 Original description. Wells (1967): 292–294; Text-fig. 52. Type locality. Mozambique, Inhaca Island; Ilha dos Portuguesos (Elephant Isle); intertidal zone, clean sand. Notes. Karllangia psammophila was originally described as a distinct species (Wells 1967: 292) but subsequently relegated by Wells & Rao (1987: 132) to a subspecies of K. arenicola along with another form (K. arenicola bengalensis) they described from material collected in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Wells & Rao claimed that K. arenicola was identical to K. psammophila in every single aspect except for the lack in both sexes of an attenuated outer distal corner on the posterior margin of the first antennulary segment. However, Gee (2006) reinstated the latter and K. arenicola bengalensis to full species status based on significant differences in the armature of the swimming legs and the ornamentation of the anal operculum. The author also examined paratype specimens of K. psammophila, revealing oversights in Wells’s (1967) description of the antenna (abexopodal margin of allobasis with seta; ♀ exopod with two setae on exp-1 and one lateral and two distal setae on exp-2), mandible (basis with three setae; exopod small, with two setae) and maxilliped (syncoxa with one seta; basis with two setae on palmar margin), and suspected that similar corrections apply to K. bengalensis. Thalestrella psammophila shares the presence of only five elements on the female P5 exopod with T. obscura comb. nov. and T. bengalensis comb. nov., however, it differs from the former in the presence of well developed, denticulodigitate hyaline frills on the body somites and the presence of an inner seta on P1 exp-2, and from the latter by the attenuated outer corner of the proximal antennulary segment in both sexes, the second outer seta of the female P5 exopod being distinctly longer (vs shorter) than the proximalmost seta, and the proximal outer seta of the male P5 exopod distinctly shorter (vs longer) than the segment.Published as part of Huys, Rony & Mu, Fanghong, 2021, Johnwellsia, a new intertidal genus of Parastenheliidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Taiwan Strait, China, including a review of the family and key to genera, pp. 236-318 in Zootaxa 5051 (1) on pages 285-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5051.1.13, http://zenodo.org/record/557241
The Relationship of Breast Cancer Subtypes with the Event of Metastasis in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang
No full textBackground: One of the high mortality rates from breast cancer is related to the incidence of metastases. It is known that >90% of deaths in breast cancer are related to the incidence of metastases and the complications that follow. Breast cancer is divided into several subtypes based on the expression of receptor genes in breast cancer tissue, namely Luminal A, Luminal B, HER 2 and Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). This study aims to determine the relationship between breast cancer subtypes and the incidence of metastases in Dr. M. Djamil Padang.
Methods: This study used a retrospective case-control study to breast cancer patients with metastatic at Dr M Djamil Hospital, Padang from 2016-2021. The research subjects were 260 breast cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria. The study subjects were divided into 130 patients as the case group with metastases and 130 patients as the control group with no metastases. To determine the relationship between breast cancer subtypes and the incidence of metastases, the chi-square test was used. If the p value <0.05, it can be concluded that it is significant. Furthermore, analysis is continued to obtain an odds ratio (OR) in identifying risk opportunities with Cochran's and Mantle-Haenszel statistics common odds ratio estimate. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program.
Result: Characteristics of the subjects in this study can be seen that there is a relationship between hormonal contraception, T and N status with the incidence of metastasis (p <0.05). Patients with metastases were more common with breast cancer subtypes luminal B (61.5%), HER2+ (21.5%), TNBC (14.6%) and luminal A (2.3%). The most common locations for breast cancer metastases were lung (48.5%), bone (26.2%), liver (19.2%), brain (5.4%) and other places (0.8%). There was a relationship between breast cancer subtypes and the incidence of metastasis (p<0.038). The highest risk of metastases was in patients with TNBC subtype with OR = 7.74 (95% CI 1.72-34.79). There was no relationship between breast cancer subtypes with metastatic location (p>0.05) and breast cancer subtypes TNBC had a risk (OR) of 9.60 (95% CI 1.96-47.14) times increasing the risk of metastases in brain.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was a relationship between breast cancer subtypes and the incidence of metastasi
Theta synchronizes the activity of medial prefrontal neurons during learning
No full textCopyright, Learning & Memory Online by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press http://www.learnmem.org/This material is based upon work supported by NIMH grant R01MH-073610.The published version of this article is online at http://www.learnmem.org/cgi/doi/10.1101/lm.93240
The published research paper: is it an important indicator of successful operational research at programme level?
No full textIs a published research paper an important indicator of successful operational research at programme level in low-income countries? In academia, publishing in peer-reviewed scientific journals is highly encouraged and strongly pursued for academic recognition and career progression. In contrast, for those who engage in operational research at programme level, there is often no necessity or reward for publishing the results of research studies; it may even be criticized as being an unnecessary detraction from programme-related work. We present arguments to support publishing operational research from low-income countries; we highlight some of the main reasons for failure of publication at programme level and suggest ways forward
The 2012 world health report 'no health without research': the endpoint needs to go beyond publication outputs.
No full textLe thème du Rapport de la Santé Mondiale 2012 est «pas de santé sans recherche» et est un appel à l’action pour combler les lacunes mondiales dans la recherche en santé. Combler l’écart entre les «nanti »et les «démunis» est vital si nous voulons être à la hauteur de l’appel de ce thème et utiliser la recherche pour apporter des améliorations sur le terrain. Les nombres absolus de publications scientifiques et des publications par habitant ont été utilisés comme les principaux indicateurs pour évaluer la capacité mondiale de la recherche et identifier les zones à lacunes. A l’échelle des pays, nous estimons que cela reflète un seul côté de la médaille. Bien que l’absence de stratégies nationales de recherche en santé empêche une allocation optimale des ressources, une réalité toute aussi importante sur le terrain est la transcription inadéquate des résultats de la recherche dans la politique et la pratique, l’autre côté de la médaille
Penicillicaris penicillata Huys & Mu, 2021, sp. nov.
No full textPenicillicaris penicillata sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0C7D1809-6DBA-49D8-8330-188442A571E2 Microthalestris littoralis Sars, 1911 f. penicillata Willey, 1935 Since Willey (1935) expressly gave his material infrasubspecific rank, and the content of his work unambiguously reveals that the name “ penicillata ” was proposed for a form, it is deemed to be infrasubspecific and therefore not regulated by the Code (Art. 45.6.4). Since it was not adopted by another author for a species or subspecies before 1985 it remains permanently unavailable. Willey’s (1930) form is here elevated to species rank and established as a new name with the current authorship and date. Original description. Willey (1935): 82–83; Figs 119–120, 122–126. Type material. The dissected female specimen illustrated by Willey (1935: Figs 119–120, 122–124) is here designated as the holotype of P. penicillata sp. nov. (ICZN Arts 16.4 and 72.5.6). The species can be differentiated by the characters mentioned in the diagnosis below and those discussed and illustrated by Willey (1935) (ICZN Art. 13.1). Type locality. Bermuda, Trunk Island, Harrington Sound; washings of black seaweeds. Differential diagnosis. Penicillicaris. Body length 500–700 μm in ♀, 400–500 μm in ♂. Antennule 8-segmented in ♀. Antennary exopod and mouthparts unconfirmed. P1 exp-3 with two penicillate spines, one geniculate seta and one well developed non-geniculate seta. Relative length of P1 enp-1 unconfirmed. P2–P3 endopods ♀ with enp-2 and enp-3 more often very imperfectly separated, without mobile articulation between them (when distinctly 3- segmented no spur at inner distal corner); P4 endopod ♂ with armature pattern [1.1.021] (both inner setae of ♀ not expressed in ♂). Armature pattern of ♀ P2–P4: P3 endopod ♂ 3-segmented, with apophysis on enp-3, armature pattern [1.1.02 + apo]. P 5 ♀ with six elements on exopod; shape and length of exopod and endopodal lobe unconfirmed. P5 exopod ♂ 1-segmented, oval; with seven elements. P5 endopodal lobe ♂ extending to insertion point of proximal inner seta of exopod; with two elements. Caudal ramus setae IV– V of ♀ inflated near base (forcipate type). Etymology. The species named is derived from the Latin penicillus, meaning paintbrush, and refers to the presence of penicillate elements on the antennary endopod and both rami of the first swimming leg. Notes. Willey (1935) inadvertently used two different spellings for his new form which he introduced as pencillata (p. 82) but was cited later in the paper on three occasions as penicillata. Unfortunately, some authors (e.g. Krishnaswamy 1957: 33) adopted the incorrect spelling pencillata. According to Willey (1935) the new species is unique in the morphology of the female P2–P3 endopods which seem to lack a functional articulation between enp-2 and enp- 3 in most specimens. His discovery of an additional hair-like seta on the distal exopodal segment of P3–P4 means that some caution should be exercised when using previously reported armature patterns to identify other species since some may be incorrect. Penicillicaris penicillata sp. nov. is so far the only member of the genus that displays sexual dimorphism on the P4 endopod with both inner setae of enp- 3 in the female not being expressed in the male, resulting in an armature pattern [1.1.021].Published as part of Huys, Rony & Mu, Fanghong, 2021, Johnwellsia, a new intertidal genus of Parastenheliidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Taiwan Strait, China, including a review of the family and key to genera, pp. 236-318 in Zootaxa 5051 (1) on pages 299-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5051.1.13, http://zenodo.org/record/557241
Digital government and the circular economy transition: An analytical framework and a research agenda
No full textThe transition from a linear economy towards a circular economy (CE), based on reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling existing materials and products, is one of the key priorities in pursuing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), where governments play a fundamental role, with the support of digital technologies.Despite the increasing global policy focus on CE, research on the role of digital government in initiating, implementing, and consolidating a transition towards a circular economy is surprisingly scarce and fragmented, and a systematic effort in digital government research is yet to emerge.To tackle this issue, this article sets out to answer the research question: what is the role of digital government in the transition towards a circular economy? Driven by this research question, we conduct a review on 88 empirical studies in the Information Systems (IS) and digital government fields and discuss existing research foci and gaps in relation to the types of digital technologies used, the types of stakeholders involved, the stages of the product life cycle, and the type of resources that governments draw on to advance the circular economy transition. In addition, we identify two types of transition styles, based on an analysis of the types of roles taken by the government in two cases of transition towards a circular economy.Based on these findings, we provide two contributions to establishing a new line of research in digital government and the circular economy: an analytical framework, including a static view, a longitudinal view, and a transition style view of the role of digital government in the circular economy transition; and a research agenda that builds on our framework, to guide future research on the role of digital government in the circular economy transition.Innovation Affair
Digital Government and the Circular Economy: Towards an Analytical Framework
No full textCircular economy is high on the political agenda, with governments at all levels setting ambitious goals to move away from traditional linear production models, where goods are used and disposed as waste, towards a future with less use of virgin raw materials, and where valuable materials at a product end-of-life are returned as raw materials or in an environmentally-friendly way to the biosphere. While circular economy is gaining a lot of attention on a policy level, the role that digital government can play to facilitate the circular economy transition is largely unexplored. We carry out a review of existing literature in the fields of digital government and Information Systems (IS) to identify the roles played by digital government in the circular economy. Based on an analysis of 54 empirical research articles, we identify foci and gaps in relation to the different types of roles played by government (nodality, authority, treasure, and organization), to stages of the Product Life Cycle (preuse, in-use, and post-use), and to types of digital technology focused on. Based on these findings, we present an analytical framework to guide future research on digital government in relation to the circular economy, and exemplify the use of the framework drawing on examples from circular economy initiatives in the automotive industry.Information and Communication Technolog
Pseudonychocamptus Lang 1944, comb. n.
No full textKey to the species of Pseudonychocamptus Lang, 1944 Lang (1944, 1948) proposed the genus Pseudolaophonte for four species previously allocated to the genus Laophonte Philippi, 1840: Laophonte koreni Boeck, 1873 (type by original designation), L. gracilis T. Scott, 1903, L. proxima Sars, 1908a and L. abbreviata Sars, 1920a. Noodt (1952) removed L. gracilis and designated it as the type (by original designation) of a new genus Pilifera Noodt, 1952 which has remained monotypic since its proposal. New species were added to Pseudonychocamptus by Lang (1965: P. paraproximus and P. spinifer), Hamond (1968: P. carthyi), Apostolov and Petkovski (1980: P. marinovi), Ceccherelli (1988: P. colomboi) and Apostolov (2008: P. kolarovi). Both Sars (1908a) and Wilson (1932) described Laophonte proxima on the basis of females only (the latter author from a freshwater locality!) whereas Klie (1929) provided the first illustrations of the male, including the P5 which he figured with one seta on the endopodal lobe. Lang (1965) distinguished the closely related Pseudonychocamptus proximus and P. paraproximus on the basis of morphometric differences in the distal segment of the P4 exopod and P5 baseoendopod in the female and the P5 exopod in the male. An additional differentiating character used in his key referred to the number of setae on the male P5 baseoendopod. Hamond (1968) and Ceccherelli (1988) followed Lang’s judgement, however Mielke (1975), in his redescription of the male of P. proximus, pointed out that the latter has two setae on the P5 baseoendopod (as in all other congeners), rendering the distinctiveness of P. paraproximus doubtful. Although we have followed Bodin (1997) and Wells (2007) in considering the latter a species of uncertain status (here ranked as species inquirenda), we have nevertheless included it in the key below, based on the interspecific differences displayed in the length/width ratio of the male P5 exopod (Table 2). Recently, Apostolov (2008) added a new species, P. kolarovi, based on two males collected from the Kavala beach (Greece) in the Aegean Sea. The author claimed that the species occupied an isolated position in the genus on account of the structure of the caudal rami and P1–P5. The 2-segmented P4 endopod (with one inner and two distal setae), the presence of 5 setae on the P5 exopod and the sexually dimorphic distal inner spine on the P2 endopod clearly exclude P. kolarovi from the genus Pseudonychocamptus and particularly the latter character unequivocally points to a relationship with the genera Paralaophonte Lang, 1944 and Loureirophonte Jakobi, 1953. The species is here formally placed in the genus Paralaophonte as Paralaophonte kolarovi, comb. n. (see below). The six valid species currently recognized in the genus, and the problematic species P. paraproximus, can be differentiated by the key below and the character states tabulated in Table 2. 1. P3 enp-2 with 4 setae in ♀ and 2 setae in ♁............................................... 2 – P3 enp-2 with 5 setae in ♀ and 3–4 setae in ♁........................................... 3 2. P5 exopod ♀ at least twice longer than wide, with 5 setae; P5 exopod ♁ with straight outer margin.................................................................... P. koreni a – P5 exopod ♀ about 1.3 times longer than wide, with 6 setae; P5 exopod ♁ with convex outer margin............................................................. P. spinifer 3. Caudal ramus longer than wide.................................................................. 4 – Caudal ramus wider than long................................................... P. marinovi 4. P5 exopod ♀ with 1 naked and 5 pinnate setae; P2 enp-2, P3 enp-2 and P5 exopod of ♁ with 4 setae............................................................................ 5 – P5 exopod ♀ with 6 naked setae; P2 enp-2, P3 enp-2 and P5 exopod of ♁ with 3 setae................................................................................. P. colomboi 5. Body elongate, length 3–4 times maximum width of cephalothorax; all setae of P5 exopod ♀ marginal............................................................................ 6 – Body short, length about 1.85 times maximum width of cephalothorax; P5 exopod ♀ with 4 marginal and 2 surface setae....................... P. abbreviatus 6. P5 exopod ♁ about 2.7 times longer than wide......................... P. proximus – P5 exopod ♁ about 3.25 times longer than wide................ P. paraproximusPublished as part of Huys, Rony & Lee, Wonchoel, 2009, Proposal of Marbefia, gen. n. and Inermiphonte, gen. n., including updated keys to the species of Pseudonychocamptus Lang, 1944 and Paralaophonte Lang, 1948 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontidae), pp. 1-38 in ZooKeys 23 (23) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.23.168, http://zenodo.org/record/57654
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