13,651 research outputs found
Dolichopoda margiolis Di Russo & Rampini 2018, n. sp.
No full text<i>Dolichopoda margiolis</i> Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. <p>(Fig. 3)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AC794442-78C6-4585-8E1C-BB9708BCBA92</p> <p> TYPE MATERIAL. — <b>Holotype</b>. Dodecanissos, Kinaros island, 1♂, 12.II.2016, A. Margiolis leg. (epigean) (MZUR).</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Kinaros is a small islet of 4.5 km 2, that lies east of Amorgos and west of Leros. The highest point of the islet is 296 m. The islet is long and narrow with steep, inaccessible shores. This small windswept island, along with the nearby Levitha, lies isolated in between Cyclades and eastern Aegean islands. Although zoogeographically it is related to the Cyclades (see below, Palaeogeography of the Cyclades), politically it belongs to Dodecanissos. The island is uninhabited, except for an elderly lady. No caves have ever been documented.</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. — The new species name refers to its collector, Alexandros Margiolis.</p> <p> DIAGNOSIS. — This species is similar to <i>D. kikladica</i> Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. and <i>D. naxia</i> differing mainly in the leg spinulation, the shape of the tenth tergum, showing two wide triangular lobes, and in the shape of the subgenital plate, which is strongly sclerotized on the external margins. The epiphallus is similar to that of <i>D. kikladica</i> Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. but its plica dorsalis differs, having strong denticles on the arched apical lobe.</p> <p>DESCRIPTION</p> <p> <i>Male</i></p> <p> Size relatively big. Body brown-yellowish. Legs elongated, femora unarmed. Fore tibiae armed with 2/4 spines on both sides of lower edge, 2/2 spines along upper edge and a pair of apical spurs of equal length. Mid tibiae with 2/2 short spines on both sides of upper edge, 3/4 spines along lower edge and two apical spurs similar to those of fore tibia. Hind tibiae with 17/18 spines of varying length on both sides of upper edge and 2/3 homogeneous spines along lower edge. Posterior edge of tenth tergum with two wide triangular lobes separated by a short concavity in the middle (Fig. 3A). Subgenital plate globular, with two rounded lobes, strongly sclerotized holding two thickened cylindrical styli (Fig. 3B, C). Epiphallus sclerotized having a cylindrical median process, acute at apex and similar to that of <i>D. kikladica</i> Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. (Fig. 3D, E). Plica dorsalis, on the whole, similar to that of <i>D. kikladica</i> Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. with a conical protuberance in the middle but differs in having strong denticles on the apical lobe (Fig. 3F).</p> <p>Length (mm): body 16.70; pronotum 3.6; fore femora 18.00; middle femora 17.50; hind femora 26.50; fore tibia 19.00; middle tibia 20.00; hind tibia 34.8; hind tarsus 11.8; hind basitarsomere 6.00.</p> <p> <i>Female</i></p> <p>Unknown.</p> <p>REMARK</p> <p>An amazing synchronicity of events led to the discovery of this new species, unfortunately related with the tragic death of three young men. In the first night hours of 12 February 2016, a military helicopter crashed on the uninhabited island of Kinaros, a few tenths of meters from the highest point. The three members of the crew, officers of the Greek Navy, were killed instantly and their bodies were hurled onto the rocky slope. Alexandros Margiolis, an experienced speleologist and a member of the Ypogaia Caving Group, was part of the Special Unit of Hellenic Fire Service that flew in from Athens to recover the bodies. He was familiar with cave crickets, as in the previous months he had taken part in a few collecting trips in caves of mainland Greece, along with Sotiris Alexiou and Stylianos Zacharias. The rescuers had to spend one night on this inhospitable rock during which an unpleasant very humid air was blowing from the east. During the first after dark hours, Margiolis was fortunate enough to notice with his flashlight a cave cricket quickly moving on the rocky terrain, next to him. Being aware of the importance of his observation he collected the specimen, which was kindly given to the authors through Stylianos Zacharias.</p> <p> <i>Dolichopoda</i> are strongly cave dependant insects and only in the north part of their distribution range are they often encountered outside, in moist woods and ravines. Only one other record exists within Greece of an epigean <i>Dolichopoda</i> specimen, on Mt Athamanio, Epirus, where the moist woods of the outside environment and the climatic conditions, are significantly friendlier (Allegrucci <i>et al.</i> 2009; Di Russo <i>et al.</i> 2014). In regions like the Eastern Cyclades, phrygana is the common habitat type and forests are completely absent. The climate is very dry (especially during summer months) but the relative humidity of the air can be significant (Sfenthourakis 1996). More than that, no cave is known on Kinaros and according to the only</p> <p> inhabitant of the island (the elderly lady born and raised on Kinaros, pers. comm. with Margiolis) only a small rock shelter exists, around 200 m lower than where the specimen was collected. Thus, it is reasonable to assume that the population of <i>D. margiolis</i> Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. inhabits either an unknown subterranean hollow space or the network of fissures and crevices of Kinaros (or most likely both), where the relatively stable conditions of temperature and humidity allow for the successful conclusion of its life circle.</p>Published as part of <i>Russo, Claudio Di, Rampini, Mauro, Chimenti, Claudio & Alexiou, Sotiris, 2018, New species of Dolichopoda Bolívar, 1880 (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) from the Aegean Islands of Andros, Paros and Kinaros (Greece), pp. 469-479 in Zoosystema 40 (20)</i> on pages 472-475, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2018v40a20, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4336436">http://zenodo.org/record/4336436</a>
Dolichopoda christos-nifoni Di Russo & Rampini 2018, n. sp.
No full textDolichopoda christos-nifoni Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. (Fig. 4) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3D83A120-FF73-457B-BF6C-BDAD795FC6FF TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Greece, Kiklades, Andros Isl., Aladinos, Aladinou Cave, 1 ♂, 02.XII.2015, S. Alexiou leg. (MZUR). OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 1 ♀, 02.XII.2015 (MZUR); 2 ♀, 7 nymphs, 18.VI.2015 (ZMUA). Same locality and collector as the holotype. TYPE LOCALITY. — Andros is the northernmost island of the Cyclades and with a size of 380 km 2, it is the second largest after Naxos. It lies close to the large island of the west Aegean, Evvia (Euboea), separated from the latter by the Kafireas Straits, a channel of 12 km. Mt Gerakones (680 m) is one of the four small mountains of Andros island, the highest being Mt Kouvaras (or Petalon), which reaches 994 m. Between these two mountains lies Messaria, the central valley of Andros. At the foot of northern slopes of Mt Gerakonas, facing Messaria, the cave Aladinou or Foros is located, at an altitude of 120 m a.s.l., near the village Aladinou and about 4 km from Chora. In contrast to most of the Cyclades, the rocks on Andros are mostly schists of various types (Snogerup et al. 2006). Limestone is found only in small areas, the most extensive being a row of low cliffs along the northwest flank of Mt Gerakones. The cave Aladinou is one of the biggest caves found in the Cyclades, filed 15 th in the official list of the Hellenic Speleological Society (HSS) of chronologically discovered caves in Greece. The cave was first explored in 1937 by Ioannis and Anna Petrochilou. In 1962, A. Petrochilou and S. Diakogiannis, as members of the H.S.S. were assigned to chart the cave. The results were published one year later (Petrochilou 1963). The cave has a size of about 500 m 2. Temperature inside the cave is 16-17° C and humidity is 75%. The cave has stalactites, stalagmites, helictites, hanging rocks, colorful limestone and gour formations. The cave is maintained by the Cultural Society of Aladinou ‘Agia Triada’ and a permit is needed to enter. A traditionally paved road a few hundred meters long, leads from the village to the cave, over an old bridge, that crosses the river. The entrance of the cave is artificially blocked, in order to prevent damage from visitors. Steps made of concrete lead to the main chamber and artificial light has been placed in this first part. There is no guano present on the floor and only one bat was observed, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774) entering obviously from a smaller natural entrance. ETYMOLOGY. — The new species name refers to one of the authors’ (SA) son, Christos-Nifon Alexiou, who at the age of 7, accompanied his father and actively took part in the collection of specimens from Andros. DIAGNOSIS. — The size is relatively small with the hind legs elongated. This species shows a combination of morphological characters that, in a way, appears similar to those of the Evvian Dolichopoda, while others are close to the Cycladic species. In particular, D. christos-nifoni Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. shares the bifurcate apex of the epiphallus and the shape of the female subgenital plate with D. makrykapa and D. ochtoniai from Evvia. On the contrary, it shares the tenth tergum and the plica dorsalis with the other species of the Cyclades (Paros, Naxos) and the species from Kinaros (Dodecanissos). DESCRIPTION Male Size relatively small. Body color yellow-brown with the posterior margins of the terga darker. Legs long, slender and yellowish in color with the femora unarmed. Fore tibiae armed with 5/6 spines on both sides of inferior edge, 4/5 spines on upper edge, a pair of spurs of equal length on apex. Mid tibiae with 3/7 short spines on both sides of upper edge, 4/6 spines on lower edge and two apical spurs similar to those of fore tibiae. Hind tibiae longer, with 21/23 spines of varying length on both sides of upper edge and 1/1 homogeneous spines on the lower edge. Posterior edge of the tenth tergum with two elongated triangular lateral lobes with an acute apex (Fig. 4A). Subgenital plate globular at bottom, with a large median incision that runs for half of total length; symmetrical lateral lobes triangular with rounded posterior edges, styli cylindrical and short (Fig. 4B, C). Epiphallus sclerotized showing a relatively short median process, with a bifurcated apex; from the side, median process slightly curved; basal processes quite well developed (Fig. 4D, E). Plica dorsalis similar to that of D. margiolis Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp., differing by being strongly sclerotized on the basal lobes and by having cylindrical protuberance occurring in the middle of apical part (Fig. 4F). Length (mm): body 13.5; pronotum 3.5; fore femora 13.8; middle femora 13.0; hind femora 21.4; fore tibia 14.4; middle tibia 14.6; hind tibia 24.8; hind tarsus 9.7; hind basitarsomere 5.7. Female Body length ranging between 12.3-14 mm (ovipositor excluded) and general form similar to male. Tergum IX not complete in the middle and covered by a wide extension of the tergite VIII. Subgenital plate trapezoidal (Fig. 4G), with the distal part more sclerotized, bilobate with an incision on the middle of the posterior margin. Ovipositor, uniformly curved, 9 mm length in average, showing a pointed apex curved upwards. Shorter inferior valves, slightly curved on the superior edge, with 15-17 denticles (Fig. 4H). REMARK The fauna of the Cave Aladinou is very poor and the population of D. christos-nifoni Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. seems to be sparse. On our first visit, no adult male could be traced and a second visit was needed in order to locate and collect adult males.Published as part of Russo, Claudio Di, Rampini, Mauro, Chimenti, Claudio & Alexiou, Sotiris, 2018, New species of Dolichopoda Bolívar, 1880 (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) from the Aegean Islands of Andros, Paros and Kinaros (Greece), pp. 469-479 in Zoosystema 40 (20) on page 475, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2018v40a20, http://zenodo.org/record/433643
Troglophilus (Troglophilus) ozeli Taylan, Di Russo, Cobolli, Rampini, sp. nov.
No full textTroglophilus (Troglophilus) ozeli Taylan, Di Russo, Cobolli, Rampini, sp. nov. Figs. 9–10 Type -locality. The Havran (İnönü) cave is situated in the Balıkesir Province but now, due to the construction of the Havran Dam, the cave is underwater. The cave is at a height of 115 m above sea level and located on the southern slope of Kaz Daġları Mountain, Turkey. Material examined. Holotype female: Turkey, Balıkesir, Havran, Havran (İnonu) cave 39 o 34 ’ 499 ’’ N; 27 o 10 ’ 336 ’’ E, 115 m, 0 1.11. 2008, E. Özel leg. Paratypes: 1 female, 2 nymphs, same date and collector. Diagnosis. The female of Troglophilus ozeli differs to that of the previous species by its large subgenital trapezoidal, minute the short ovipositor being almost enlarged, straight on the superior edge and rounded at apex. Male. Unknown. Description. Female (holotype). Body size 15–16 mm (ovipositor excluded); colour brown-yellowish. The subgenital plate is trapezoidal almost restricted, with two little rounded lobes at the posterior edges (Fig. 9). The ovipositor has an average length of 9 mm, rather enlarged at the base and in the middle (Fig. 10). The superior valves are straight on the superior edge and show a rounded apex. The inferior valves are narrow and sclerotized showing 12 strong denticles. Measurements. (in mm): body 15.2; pronotum 4.5; fore femur 8.0; middle femur 7.5; hind femur 15.0; fore tibia 7.8; middle tibia 7.2; hind tibia 18.0; hind tarsus 6.5; 1 st article of hind tarsus 3.5; ovipositor 9.0. Etymology. The new species is dedicated to Özel, the first collector of specimens. Depositories. Akdeniz University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Museum (AUZM).Published as part of Taylan, Mehmet Sait, Russo, Claudio Di, Cobolli, Marina & Rampini, Mauro, 2012, New species of the genus Troglophilus Krauss, 1879 (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae) from Western and Southern Anatolian caves, Turkey, pp. 33-40 in Zootaxa 3597 on page 36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20877
New species of Dolichopoda Bolívar, 1880 (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) from the Aegean Islands of Andros, Paros and Kinaros (Greece)
No full textIn this paper two new species of Dolichopoda Bolívar, 1880 from the Cyclades islands of Andros and Paros and one from the Dodecanissos island of Kinaros, are described, increasing the total number of Greek species to 32. The new species from Paros (D. kikladica Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp.) and Kinaros (D. margiolis Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp.) show strong similarities with D. naxia Boudou-Saltet, 1972 from Naxos forming an homogenous group limited to the central Aegean islands. On the other hand the species D. christos-nifoni Di Russo & Rampini, n. sp. from Andros shows a combination of morphological characters that partly resemble characters found in Evvian Dolichopoda, and partly in species from the Cyclades. Relationships among these three new taxa and the other adjacent Dolichopoda species are discussed on the basis of the paleogeological and paleoclimatic events that shaped the present geography of the Aegean area
Dolichopoda bakolitsasi Rampini, Di Russo, sp. n.
No full textDolichopoda bakolitsasi Rampini, Di Russo sp. n. (Figs. 2–6) http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:497883 Diagnosis. The size is relatively big, with the hind legs elongated. This species shows affinities with D. giachinoi, another species occupying caves at Aetolia-Acarnania, described from Megalo Spilio cave of Mountain Serekas, as well as to D. gaSparoi, D. paveSii and D. patrizii from the Southern Ionian Islands of Lefkada, Kefallonia and Petalas, respectively. It differs from them mainly by the tergum X of the male, which has two peculiar lobes, forceps-shaped distally, with the apex curved inwards. The subgenital plate of the female is also similar to the previously mentioned species, but differs in lacking a protuberance on the ninth sternite, which on the contrary is flattened and completely arched. Type locality. Dovrena Cave is situated in the Aetolia-Acarnania, near the town of Agrinio, N38°41.512’, E 21°17.191’. The entrance of the cave is at the elevation of 73 m a.s.l., on the South-Eastern slope of the Mountain Thiamon (or Petalas), near Lepenou village. The entrance to the cave is achieved through a narrow chasm and a descent with the use of ropes for about 15 m. Inside the cave, humidity (HR) and temperature resulted 71% and 14 °C respectively. Type material. Holotype male. Greece, Aetolia-Acarnania, Lepenou Vill. (Mt. Thiamon), Dovrena Cave, 20.02.2016, K. Bakolitsas leg. Paratypes: 1 male, 3 females and 1 female nymph; 2 males same data and locality C. Di Russo leg. 2 females same collector as for holotype, 13.02.2016, K. Bakolitsas leg. (MZUR, ZMUA, cSA). Description. Male (Holotype). Body colour uniformly brown-yellowish. Legs very long, slender, yellow-testaceous, with unarmed femora, only two short spines are present on both sides of their distal margins. Coxal apophisis pronounced. Fore tibia armed with 3/7 spines on both sides of the inferior edge and a pair of spurs of equal length on the apex. Mid tibia with both sides of the upper edge unarmed, 4/5 spines on the lower edge and two apical spurs similar to those of the fore tibia. The hind tibia is longer, with 16/20 spines of different length on both sides of the upper edge and 5/7 homogeneous spines on the lower edge. All the genicular lobes of the tibiae show a spine on both sides. Tenth tergum very sclerotized on the posterior edge with two elongated and flattened lateral lobes, lobes forceps-shaped at the distal parts, with their apex curved inwards (Fig. 2). The two lobes are separated by a large concavity showing an elevated ridge on the posterior margin. Subgenital plate globular at the bottom, with a wide median incision that runs for half of the total length; symmetrical lateral lobes triangular with rounded posterior edges finely haired, styli cylindrical and short (Fig.3). Epiphallus sclerotized, its median process relatively long, slender, finely haired, with a strongly acuminated apex; from the side, the median process is uniformly curved; the basal processes are rather well developed (Figs 4 a–4b). The accessory apparatus is slightly sclerotized, trilobate, with a conical median lobe. Measurements. Length (mm): body 18.52; pronotum 3.93; fore femur 18.00; middle femur 19.04; hind femur 26.72; fore tibia 19.65; middle tibia 19.71; hind tibia 34.10; hind tarsus 12.60; 1st article of hind tarsus 6.40. Female. The length of the body ranges between 17.66–20.44 mm (ovipositor excluded) and the general form of the female is similar to the male. Urotergum IX wide and with the posterior margin strongly arched. Subgenital plate triangular (Fig. 5), with a protuberance sclerotized and thickened, slightly bilobate, on the middle of the posterior margin. The uniformly elongated ovipositor has an average length of 12.5 mm, distally it appears narrower with a pointed apex, curved upwards. The shorter inferior valves, enlarged at the base and little curved on the superior edge, have 12 denticles (Fig. 6). Etymology. The species name refers to our friend, biospeleologist Konstantinos Bakolitsas (Agrinio), who collected the first specimens of the new species during his research activity in the western Greece.Published as part of Russo, Claudio Di, Alexiou, Sotiris & Rampini, Mauro, 2017, A new species of Dolichopoda (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae; Dolichopodainae) from Western Greece, pp. 380-384 in Zootaxa 4290 (2) on pages 381-382, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4290.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/82914
Dolichopoda apollinea Di Russo and Rampini, sp. nov.
No full textDolichopoda apollinea Di Russo and Rampini sp. nov. (Figure 8) Type material Holotype J: Calabria, Pollino Massif, Cassano allo Ionio, Sant ̍ Angelo cave complex, 260 m asl., 14 December 2021, Di Russo and Rampini leg. (MZUR). Other material examined Same locality, date and collector as the holotype: 4J, 3♀, 1 nymph. Calabria, Pollino Massif, Cerchiara Calabra, Serra del Gufo cave, 15.06.2019 F. Larocca leg. 2 nymphs; Pollino Massif, S. Lorenzo Bellizzi, Conoide cave, 04.07.2019 F. Larocca leg. 1J; Pollino Massif, Francavilla Marittima, Caprio cave, 20.10.2019 F. Larocca leg. 1♀, 2 nymphs. Type locality The Sant̍ Angelo cave complex is a group of 16 more or less developed caves located at the base of the karst hill named ′il muraglione̍. Two of these, situated at 260 m asl, are more than 1000 m long (Larocca 2003). Etymology The name of the new taxon refers to the ancient appellation of the Pollino Massif as Apollo Mountain. Diagnosis The new taxon is different from the other Calabrian species in the smaller size of the males, the more squared lobes of the tenth tergum that are strongly haired, and the median process of the epiphallus characterised by a prominent carina extending from the base for more than half its length. On the contrary, the females appear quite similar to D. palpata and D. calabra in the shape of the subgenital plate and the denticulation of the inner valvae of the ovipositor. Description Male. Relatively small in size; not uniform in body colour, thorax and abdomen brownish dorsally while paler ventrally. Legs long, uniformly yellowish, with the posterior edge darker. Femora unarmed. Fore tibia armed with 5–6 spines on sides of the lower edge, 3/5 spines on the upper edge. Mid tibia with 5/7 short spines on both sides of the upper edge and 3/4 spines on the lower edge. The hind tibia is longer, with 19/21 spines of varying length on both sides of the upper edge and 3 homogeneous spines on the lower external edge. Tenth tergum with two almost squared lateral lobes, strongly haired (Figure 9 (a)). The lobes are separated by a large median depression holding two pronounced conical tubercles. The subgenital plate is globular and deeply incised in the middle; lateral lobes are triangular with two prominent cylindrical styli (Figures 9 (b,c)). The median process of the epiphallus is almost slender, with a triangular basis. In the middle, a prominent carina occurs from the basis to almost the second half of the total length. In lateral view it is uniformly curved. Narrow basal process with the anterior lobes more developed than the posterior ones (Figures 9 (d,e)). Plica dorsalis membrane semicircular in shape. Length (mm): body 15.00; pronotum 4.00; fore femur 15.00; mid femur 15.00; hind femur 24.00; fore tibia 17.00; mid tibia 18.00; hind tibia 30.00; hind tarsus 11.00; 1st article of hind tarsus 6.00. Female. Relatively larger than male (16–24 mm). Sternites VII, VIII and IX are well developed, showing a prominent posterior edge. Subgenital plate sclerotised, globular and semicircular (Figure 9 (f)). Ovipositor uniformly curved (12 mm) with the apex of the external valvae strongly acuminated and curved upward. The inferior valvae, with the base almost round, have 17–20 denticles (Figure 9 (g)).Published as part of Di Russo, Claudio, Allegrucci, Giuliana & Rampini, Mauro, 2023, Molecular and morphological analyses disclose the existence of three species of Dolichopoda (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae) in the Calabria region (Italy), pp. 372-394 in Journal of Natural History 57 (5 - 8) on pages 382-387, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2186277, http://zenodo.org/record/779973
Enoplolaimus variispiculum Pastor & Russo 2021, sp. n.
No full textEnoplolaimus variispiculum sp. n. (Figure 1B, 2, 3; Table 1, 2) Measurements. See Table 1. Description. Males: Body cylindrical, slender, anteriorly narrow, weakly tapering posteriorly. Cuticle finely striated. Head rectangular and set off, with three lips (one dorsal and two ventrosublateral), without striations and separated by clefts, 8 µm high. Each lip bearing two inner labial sensilla, 0.2 corresponding body diameters in length. Cephalic glandular organ was observed on ventrosublateral lips. It is straight in males and arched in females. Six outer labial sensilla, 2.1 corresponding body diameters in length, inserted at level of posterior margin of cephalic capsule. A second crown of four cephalic setae 1.8 corresponding body diameters in length. A third crown of six subcephalic setae 1.4 corresponding body diameters in length. Three crowns of cervical setae in dorsosublateral, lateral and ventrosublateral position. First crown with 6 setae, 0.6 corresponding body diameters in length, second crown with 6 setae, 0.5 corresponding body diameters in length, third crown with 4 setae, 0.5 corresponding body diameters in length. Body with dispersed somatic setae, 8–10 µm long. Cephalic capsule well developed. Posterior margin of cephalic capsule with deep incisions accommodating the first crown of outer labial setae, cephalic setae and subcephalic setae. Three broad, arched, mandibular plates with pointed tips projecting into stoma. Mandibular plates slightly curved and thin and with two small projections located laterally, at level of mandibular ring, 1 µm long. Three onchia, one dorsal and two ventrosublateral, equal in size, at the base of each mandible. Amphids and excretory pore not observed. Metanemes not observed. Pharynx cylindrical, slightly englobed anteriorly and with outer wall crenated posteriorly. Reproductive system diorchic, anterior testis outstretched, posterior one reflexed. Spicules paired, asymmetrical, longest spicule (left) arcuate, cephalated (1.7 cloacal body diameters in length), with pointed distal end. The other spicule (right) short and straight, slightly cephalated with sharp distal end, 0.8 cloacal body diameters in length. Gubernaculum present, plate-like, triangular, without any structures, 0.5 cloacal body diameters in length. One preanal supplement present. One setae observed before cloaca. Tail 4.2 cloacal body diameter long. Three caudal glands and spinneret were observed. Females: Similar to male in general body shape, but usually larger. It differs in head shape and outer labial and cervical setae number. Six labial sensilla 0.2 corresponding body diameters in length, six long outer labial sensilla 2.1 corresponding body diameters in length and four short cephalic setae 1 corresponding body diameter in length, inserted at posterior margin of cephalic capsule. One crown of four cervical setae 0.4 corresponding body diameters long. Lateral mandibles and onchia slightly smaller than in males. Three arched, mandibular plates with pointed tips projecting into stoma. Mandibular plates slightly curved and thin. Three onchia, one dorsal and two ventrosublateral, equal size, at the base of each mandible. Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic, ovaries reflexed. Vagina with thick walls and well developed sphincter muscles. Tail 4 anal body diameters in length, without setae. Material examined. Holotype Male, CNP-NEM N° 27798, collected on 1/4/2006 at “El Límite” beach (lat. 45º59’38”S, long. 67º35’31”W), during mid tide. Collector: Catalina Pastor. Paratypes two males and one female, same data as holotype, mounted on slide numbers CNP-NEM N° 27849, 27888, 27601. Type locality and habitat. “El Límite” beach, 1/4/2006, mid tide 30 cm deep in sediment; salinity = 38 psu; temp. = 13.2–14.5 ºC. Characteristics of surface sediment layer: mean particle size Q2 (50%) = 0.2; FF (%) = 0.8–1.2; SO index = 0.7–0.8; SK index = 1.0–1.2. Organic matter content/ 100g sediment = 1.2–1.5 mg. Etymology. “ variispiculum ” from Latin word “variis” = various and “spicules” referring to the different size and shape of spicules. Differential diagnosis. E. variispiculum sp. n. is characterized by having asymmetric spicules, different in size, shape and distal tips. It is the only species with this characteristic in the whole genus. It also has the shortest inner labial sensilla than all the species without an apophysis on the gubernaculum and with short tail (group 6, Fadeeva & Zograf, 2010) plus the species added in this paper, nine species in total. In Table 2 we show the comparison of the diagnostic morphological characters of those nine species. E. variispiculum sp. n. is related to E. enatus Hopper, 1962, E. lenunculus Wieser, 1959, E. mus Inglis, 1964 and E. paralitoralis Wieser, 1959. E. enatus has similar outer labial sensilla length, onchia and gubernaculum length in cloacal body diameter, and de Man’s ratio “b”. But it differs in length of inner labial sensilla (5 µm vs 10–11 µm), cephalic setae length (35.7 µm vs 19–20 µm), cephalic capsule height/width (0.3 vs 2.4), mandible height/width (2.5 vs 1.2), spicule length in cloacal body diameter (two different 1.7 and 0.8 vs 1.3) and tail length in cloacal body diameter (3.9 vs 5.0–6.0). E. lenunculus has similar general size, outer labial sensilla, de Man’s ratio “a, b, c” and tail length. But it differs in length of inner labial sensilla (5 µm vs. 12-15 µm), length of cephalic sensilla (35.7 µm vs 22.0 µm), mandible height/width (2.5 vs 1.2), and spicule length in cloacal body diameter (two different 1.7 and 0.8 vs 1.3). E. mus has similar “b” and “c” de Man’s ratios, gubernaculum and tail length in cloacal body diameter. But it differs in total body length (4700 vs 2540), inner labial, outer labial and cephalic sensilla length (17 vs 5 µm; 105 vs 50 µm; 55 vs 35.7 µm), mandible H/W (1.2 vs 2.5), and onchia length (27 vs 8 µm). E. paralitoralis has similar “b” and “c” de Man’s ratios, cephalic sensilla and tail length. But it differs in total length (1670 vs 2540 um), in inner labial and outer labial sensilla length (10–12 vs 5 µm; 62–66 vs 50.7), in cephalic capsule H/W (0.7 vs 0.3), and in mandible H/W (5.8 vs 2.5).Published as part of Pastor, Catalina & Russo, Virginia Lo, 2021, Two new species of Enoplolaiminae (Enoplida: Thoracostomopsidae) from Río Negro and Chubut, Argentina, pp. 337-351 in Zootaxa 5020 (2) on pages 341-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/522335
Mesacanthoides flagellatum Pastor & Russo 2021, sp. n.
No full textMesacanthoides flagellatum sp. n. (Figure 1A, 4, 5; Table 1, 3) Measurements. See Table 1. Description. Males: Body cylindrical, tapering posteriorly and ending in a flagellate tail. Cuticle finely striated. Head rectangular in shape, not set off, with three lips (one dorsal and two ventrosublateral) with striations and separated by deep clefts, 18 µm high. The striations are delicate and can only be seen along the lips borders. Each lip bearing a small glandular area on the tips of the lips, and two inner labial sensilla, 0.3 corresponding body diameters in length. Six outer labial sensilla, 1.4 corresponding body diameters in length, inserted at the level of posterior margin of cephalic capsule. A second crown of four cephalic setae 0.6 corresponding body diameters in length. Two crowns of cervical setae in dorsosublateral and ventrosublateral position. First crown of 4 setae, 0.7 corresponding body diameters in length, second crown of 4 setae, 0.4 corresponding body diameters in length. Amphids not seen. Body with somatic setae scattered along anterior pharyngeal area. Cephalic capsule well developed, shorter than wide. Anterior margin at the base of the lips. Posterior margin with incisions accommodating the first crown of outer labial setae and cephalic setae. Cuticularized arch surrounding the setae insertion. Three arched, mandibular plates with anterior curved bar, to the extremes claws-like, with no conspicuous pointed tips, projecting into stoma. Mandibular plates with “v” shaped incision posterior to the anterior bar. Mandible surface is densely mottled, but sufficiently transparent to see the onchia. Three onchia, one dorsal and two ventrosublateral, equal in size, at the base of each mandible. Mandibular ring with three cuticularized semicircular structures between the mandibles, at level of half of the onchia length. Amphids, excretory pore and metanemes not observed. Anterior part of the pharynx around buccal cavity globose, then cylindrical. Reproductive system diorchic, anterior testis outstretched, posterior one reflexed. Spicules with diagonal reinforcement (4.2 cloacal body diameters in length), with pointed distal end. Gubernaculum complex, “s” shaped with a dorsal small apophysis, a dorsoventral knob and a distal cannula part ending in two small teeth. One precloacal supplement present. No setae or papillae were observed in pre and post cloacal area. Tail flagellate, 10.9 cloacal body diameter long. Females: Similar to male in general body shape, but much larger. No differences in shape and number of labial and cephalic setae. Six labial sensilla 4.3 corresponding body diameters in length, six long outer labial sensilla 1.2 corresponding body diameters in length and four short cephalic setae 2.5 corresponding body diameters in length, inserted at posterior margin of cephalic capsule. One crown of four cervical setae 3.7 corresponding body diameters in length. Three arched, mandibular plates with pointed tips projecting into stoma. Mandibular plates same in shape as in males and with mottled surface. Three onchia, one dorsal and two ventrosublateral, equal in size. Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic, ovaries reflexed. Vagina with thick walls and well developed sphincter muscles. Tail flagellate, 16.1 anal body diameters in length. Material examined. Holotype Male, CNP-NEM N° 1282, collected on 17/6/2006 at “Balneario San Antonio Oeste” (lat. 40 º 43’ 55”S, long. 64 º 56’ 52”W), during low tide. Collector: Catalina Pastor. Paratypes one male and one female, same data as holotype mounted on slide numbers CNP—NEM N° 1283‒1284. Type locality and habitat. “Balneario San Antonio Oeste”, winter, temperature = 9.6 °C, salinity = 33.5 psu. They were found 26 cm depth in sediment, at low tide. Characteristics of sediment: mean particle size Q2 (50%) = 0.4; VCS = 96.8%; SO index = 0.54; Organic matter / 100 g sediment = 4.1 mg. Etymology. “ flagellatum ” from latin word “flagellum”, in relation to the tail shape. Differential diagnosis. M. flagellatum sp. n. is characterized by high striated lips, with a striation only visible along the borders of the lips. The mandible texture is weakly cuticularized and mottled. Mandibular plates with pronounced “v” shaped incision posterior to the anterior bar. Cephalic capsule shorter than wide, with setae in posterior position. Males with long spicules, with “s” shaped gubernaculum, precloacal supplement and flagellate tail. M. flagellatum sp. n. is related to M. fibulatus Wieser & Hopper, 1967, M. psittacus Wieser & Hopper, 1967 and M. magna Coles, 1977. For more information see Table 3. M. fibulatus has similar body size, cephalic capsule proportions (height/width), spicules length in anal diameters. But it differs in having unstriated lips, different length of inner labial sensilla (14-16 µm vs 7 µm), cephalic setae length (73–80 µm vs 21 µm), mandible length (30.0–32.0 µm vs 18 µm), tail length (10.6–11.7 c.b.d. vs 20 c.b.d.) and de Man’s ratio “a” (71.9–75.6 vs 57.3), “b” (6.1–6.4 vs 8.5) and “c” (6.8–7.2 vs 12.3). M. psittacus has similar cephalic capsule height/width (0.5 vs 0.4–0.5), mandible height/width (2.0), inner labial sensilla length (15.0 µm vs 14.0–16.0 µm), and cephalic setae length (30–32 µm vs 32.7 µm). But it differs in having unstriated lips, different de Man’s ratios “a, b, c”, spicule length in c.b.d (4.2–4.4 vs 1.0), gubernaculum length in c.b.d (0.4–0.5 vs 1.9) and tail length in c.b.d. (10.6–11.7 vs 5.0). M. magna has similar length of inner labial sensilla (10–15 µm vs 10.0–15.0 µm), outer labial sensilla (73–80 µm vs 50.0–100.0 µm), cephalic setae length (30–32 µm vs 40 µm), mandible length (30.0–32.0 µm vs 45.0–50.0 µm), onchia length (23.0–24.0 µm vs 25.0–27.0 µm) and De Man’s ratios “a” (71.9–75.6 vs 61.0–70.4) and “b” (6.1–6.4 vs 2.1–6.2). But differs in the small size (5750.0 –5900.0 µm vs 12200.0–15500.0 µm), in having unstriated lips, in spicule length in c.b.d. (4.2–4.4 vs 7.6–9.0), tail length in c.b.d (10.6–11.7 vs 2.0) and De Man’s ratio “c” (6.8–7.2 vs 69.7–83.8).Published as part of Pastor, Catalina & Russo, Virginia Lo, 2021, Two new species of Enoplolaiminae (Enoplida: Thoracostomopsidae) from Río Negro and Chubut, Argentina, pp. 337-351 in Zootaxa 5020 (2) on pages 346-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/522335
Troglophilus (Troglophilus) alanyaensis Taylan, Di Russo, Cobolli, Rampini, sp. nov.
No full textTroglophilus (Troglophilus) alanyaensis Taylan, Di Russo, Cobolli, Rampini, sp. nov. Figs. 1–4 Type-locality. The Dim cave is situated 11 km. from the Alanya on the road to Dim River (Antalya Province). The cave is at a height of 232 meters above sea level and on the western slope of Cebel Reis Mountain. Material examined. Holotype male. Turkey, Antalya, Alanya, Dim cave, 36 o 32 ’ 405 ’’ N; 32 o 06’ 549 ’’ E, 232 m, 30.08. 2009, M.S. Taylan, Ş.B. Taylan, S. Tan leg. Paratypes: 4 males, 6 females, 1 nymph, same date and collectors; 2 male, 1 female, 6 nymphs same locality, 16.12. 2007, M. Rampini and C. Di Russo leg. Diagnosis. The new species is close to T. gajaci but it differs from it and from all the other known species by the reddish brown body coloration the typical white thoracic stripe and the curved shape of ovipositor from basal to apex. The size is relatively small with the hind legs briefly elongated. The male tenth tergite shows two rounded lateral lobes separated in the middle, by a large concavity. In the female the subgenital plate is trapezoidal almost restricted with two rounded lobes on the posterior margin. Description. Male (holotype). Size relatively large (17.0 mm); colour reddish brown, with all the tergites finely spotted. Thorax with an evident median white line. Legs rather elongated, fore and mid femora unarmed. Hind femora armed with 3–5 spines on the inferior edge. Fore tibia bears 7–11 spines on both sides of the inferior edge. Mid tibia with 10 / 11 spines on both sides of the lower edge and 5 short spines on the upper edge. The hind tibia is longer with about 80 spines of varying length on both sides of the upper edge and 25–27 homogeneous spines on the lower edge. First article of hind tarsum laterally compressed and armed with 13 strong spines. Tenth tergite (Fig. 1), on the posterior edge, with two rounded lateral lobes separated in the middle, by a large concavity. Subgenital plate (Fig. 2) trapezoidal rather globular, the posterior edge show a moderate concavity slightly incised holding two prominent conical styli. Copulatory apparatus membranous. Measurements. (in mm): body 17.0; pronotum 5.0; fore femur 8.6; middle femur 7.3; hind femur 16.8; fore tibia 9.0; middle tibia 8.5; hind tibia 19.6; hind tarsus 7.0; 1 st article of hind tarsus 4.0. Female. The length of the body ranges from 19 and 20 mm (ovipositor excluded) and the general form of the female is similar to the male. The subgenital plate (Fig. 3) is trapezoidal almost restricted, with two evident rounded lobes at the posterior edges. The ovipositor has an average length of 11 mm, rather enlarged at the base and little curved on the superior edge (Fig. 4). The superior valves have a pointed apex and curves upwards, whereas the inferior valves are narrow and scleritized bearing 12–13 strong denticles. Etymology. The new species takes its name for Alanya County (Antalya district), Turkey. Depositories. Akdeniz University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Museum (AUZM); Museum of Zoology, University “La Sapienza” of Rome (MZUR).Published as part of Taylan, Mehmet Sait, Russo, Claudio Di, Cobolli, Marina & Rampini, Mauro, 2012, New species of the genus Troglophilus Krauss, 1879 (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae) from Western and Southern Anatolian caves, Turkey, pp. 33-40 in Zootaxa 3597 on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20877
Mesacanthion bifidum Russo & Pastor De Ward 2021, sp. nov.
No full textMesacanthion bifidum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 62E01288-0803-428A-BB5E-D51B592D1591 Figs 2, 5D Etymology In reference to the proximal part of the gubernaculum that ends in two small pointed teeth, from the Latin word ‘bifidum’. Material examined Holotype ARGENTINA • ♂; Chubut, Nuevo Gulf, Puerto Madryn beach; 42°45′ S, 65°02′ W; 1 Mar. 2003; C. Pastor and V. Lo Russo leg.; high tide; fine sand sediments; CNP-NEM 936. Paratypes ARGENTINA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CNP-NEM 937 • 2 ♀♀; Chubut, Nuevo Gulf, Bahía Kaiser; 42°46′ S, 64°59′ W; 8 m b.s.l.; Oct. 1997; C. Pastor leg.; CNP-NEM 938 to 939. Description Measurements See Table 1. Male (holotype) Large and stout body. Cuticle smooth. Few short (about 9–12 µm long) somatic setae scattered along body. Cephalic region set-off with presence of cephalic capsule (17 µm in height). Cephalic capsule with same thickness throughout its rough surface. Anterior edge located at level of cephalic setae. Posterior end with no real incisions forming lobes but with slightly scalloped edge. Three rounded lips. Each lip carries two inner slender labial setae (9 µm long). Six outer labial setae (18 µm long) and four barely shorter cephalic setae (17 µm long) located at anterior of cephalic capsule, arranged in single crown. Immediately posterior to cephalic capsule four short subdorsal and subventral subcephalic setae (about 4 µm) and further posteriorly (about 30 µm after cephalic capsule), arranged in four subdorsal and subventral groups of two or three, larger cervical setae present (15 µm long). Amphideal aperture circular and amphideal fovea pouch-shaped, small (8% of cbd), laterally located just posterior to capsule end. Metanemes not seen. Funnel-shaped buccal cavity with wide opening widens at level of mandibles. Its armature consists of three mandibles, each composed of two vertical rods (16 µm) united by arcuate bar (7 µm), at top ending as left and right claws. Each mandible has tooth (13 µm). The three teeth equal in size. No ocellus nor pigment spots. Pharynx cylindrical with irregular contours, cardia not visible. Nerve ring lying at about 33% of pharynx length from anterior end. Excretory-secretory system not visible. Reproductive system diorchic, with opposed and outstretched testes in right position relative to intestine. One precloacal supplement, bar-shaped, located about 3 abd above cloaca. No precloacal setae present. Spicules paired, arcuate, with slight manubrium (1.4 abd). Gubernaculum small (26% of spicule, 0.4 abd), embracing spicule, two dorso-caudal apophyses present. The gubernaculum divided into two parts. Proximal part with two small pointed teeth, surrounds tips of spicules. Arched dense zone, shaped like ring, separates it from distal triangular part. Tail 3.4 abd long, conical with end part cylindrical (1 /5 approximately). Few short caudal setae can be seen. Caudal gland bodies in pre-anal region. Terminal setae not present. Cuticle around spinneret hardly englobed. Female Similar to males in general body shape, anterior sensilla, amphideal fovea and cuticle. Females longer and larger than males. Lips not rounded but pointed. Short somatic setae present all along body (9–12 µm) in greater quantity than in males. Reproductive system didelphic amphidelphic, with two antidromously reflexed ovaries, positioned left of intestine. Vulva and vagina conspicuous, with associated musculature. Vulva not sclerotized. Tail conical, ending in 1 / 5 cylindrical part, but this part less differentiated than in males. Caudal gland bodies in pre-anal region. Many short caudal setae. Terminal setae not present. Cuticle around spinneret englobed. Differential diagnosis Mesacanthion bifidum sp. nov. is characterized by its smooth cuticle, relatively short labial and cephalic setae, onchia of equal size, amphidial fovea pouch-shaped, spicule arcuate, gubernaculum with pointed tips at the proximal end and dorso-caudal apophysis, and tail conical-cylindrical without terminal setae. Following the key of Jeong et al. (2019), our new species is closely related to M. virile. Both species share some characteristics, such as spicules length less than 2 abd and gubernaculum with dorso-caudal apophysis and triangular shape with two parts. The male in M. bifidum sp. nov. has the outer labial setae less than 1 cephalic diameter in length, whereas in M. virile they are about 1.25 cephalic diameters. The position of the precloacal supplementary organ in M. virile is closer to the cloaca (1.1 spicule length distant from the anus) than in M. bifidum sp. nov. (2.7 spicule lengths distant from the anus) and the spicules of both species are quite different. M. virile has an L-shaped spicule with a mid-projection for muscle insertion, whereas M. bifidum sp. nov. has an arcuate spicule without projections. On the other hand, the gubernaculum also has differences in shape. Although in both species the distal part is rather similar, the proximal part is rod-like in M. virile, whereas in M. bifidum sp. nov. two-pointed structures surround the spicule tip in the posterior position.Published as part of Russo, Virginia Lo & Pastor De Ward, Catalina T., 2021, Three new species of Mesacanthion Filipjev, 1927 (Nematoda: Thoracostomopsidae) from Argentine coasts, pp. 17-31 in European Journal of Taxonomy 787 on pages 19-24, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.787.1611, http://zenodo.org/record/581793
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