1,721,017 research outputs found
Lateral Periodontal Cyst in a 10-year-old Child
No full textThe lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) is a relatively rare odontogenic non-inflammatory cyst that arises in the alveolar process in close proximity to the roots of vital teeth.LPC is considered to be an odontogenic cyst of developmental origin that arise in close proximity to the periodontal space of teeth, with the exclusion of an inflammatory pathogenesis.LPC is most frequently observed in the premolar region of the mandible, followed by the maxillary incisor region. It is preferentially diagnosed in individuals aged between 40 and 70 years, although it may be occasionally diagnosed in patients outside this age range.LPC is usually asymptomatic and it is usually found by a combination of a clinical finding of a gingival swelling in the facial or lingual aspect of a tooth and of a radiographic finding. The involved teeth are usually vital. The radiographic feature of LPC is a well circumscribed ovoid-round radiolucent area, usually with a less than 1 cm diameter.The aim of the present article is to present an unusual case of LPC in the molar region in a 10-year-old child, and to discuss its diagnosis and management
Simple bone cyst of the mandible
No full textSimple bone cysts (SBCs) are nonneoplastic intraosseous cavities without an epithelial lining, surrounded by bony walls and either empty or containing liquid and/or connective tissue: they were
first described in 1929 as a distinct entity of disease. The characteristic that distinguishes SBCs
from true cysts is the absence of epithelial lining, that allow us to regard SBCs as pseudocysts.
In the literature, SBCs have been referred to as solitary bone cysts, idiopathic bone cysts, unicameral cysts, traumatic bone cysts, hemorrhagic bone cysts, primary bone cysts, and extravasation cysts.
The pathogenesis of SBC remains uncertains. Radiographically, SBCs usually present as isolated unilocular radiolucencies with well-defined borders. When SBC extends to the interdental
bone, the characteristic radiographic “scalloping effect” can be observed. The differential diagnosis includes apical periodontitis, odontogenic keratocyst, central giant cell granuloma, ameloblastoma, odontogenic myxoma, and central and neurogenic neoplasms.
Surgery (curettage) is the gold standard treatment as it allows both diagnosis and treatment
by generation of a blood clot in the vacant cavity of SBCs: bone usually regenerates progressively
within 6–12 months. Recurrence rate is almost negligible.
The aim of the present article is to present and discuss the diagnosis and management of a
case of SBC
Pathological and Molecular Features of Odontogenic Myxoma: A Systematic Review
No full textOdontogenic myxoma (OM) is an intraosseous benign mesenchymal odontogenic neoplasm. It is slow-growing and it may determine an extensive and painless expansion of the bone. The aim of the present article is to review the literature regarding the pathological features of OM as well as the genetic, pathogenetic, and molecular aspects of this neoplasm. An electronic search of the search terms "oral myxoma" and "odontogenic myxoma" was performed in the PubMed and Scopus databases for articles published between January 1990 and July 2024. Based on the abstracts of the articles, the articles were included or excluded in the review. Finally, data were extracted from the selected articles. Demographic data, number of patients, localization of OMs, and pathological features were extracted from the studies. The systematic review showed that OM affects patients at an average age of 8.1-40.1 years, with a female and mandibular predilection. Most study populations have a mean age within the 20-29 years and the 30-39 years decades. Most of the case series presented conventional microscopic findings, including stellate to spindle-shaped cells in a loose mucoid and/or myxoid extracellular stroma with sparse collagen fibrils. Most of the included articles confirmed the positivity to vimentin and SMA, the negativity to GFAP, keratin, NSE, and S-100. The invasive behavior of OMs has not been clarified yet. Further studies about biomarkers related to OM development and invasiveness are needed, in order to develop new therapeutical conservative approaches for this locally aggressive neoplasm
Calcifying odontogenic cyst in a 91-year-old man
Full text linkBackgroundCalcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is a developmental odontogenic cystic lesion that is Lined by ameloblastoma Like epithelium, that includes focal ghost cells. COC is rare, representing less than 1% of odontogenic lesions. COCs are diagnosed at all ages and they have a mean age of about 30 years with a similar male and female genders distribution. The purpose of the present article is to present and discuss the diagnosis and management of a 91-year-old man affected by COCs.Case presentationA 91-year-old male subject was referred for a swelling in the left body of the mandible. Intraoral examination revealed a hard blueish swelling in correspondence of the lingual side of the left mandibular body, extended to the oral floor. It was decided to perform a CT scan, that revealed a well-defined, unilocular, radiolucent lesion extending from the lingual corticle of the left mandibular body to the oral floor. Under local anesthesia, the cyst underwent en bloc enucleation and curettage and was sent for pathological examination, that confirmed the diagnosis of calcifying odontogenic cyst.ConclusionsEnucleation with curettage still represents the treatment of choice for COCs. Resection may be considered in selected cases when an aggressive clinical behavior is observed or a high recurrence rate is suspected. A strict follow-up is advised to monitor eventual recurrences. In large lesions, or when the patient is affected by severe comorbidities, conservative treatments such as decompression and marsupialization may still be proposed
Perception of gross anatomy education and dental drawing by dental hygiene students
Full text linkBackground: A complete and thorough understanding of head and neck anatomy by dental hygienists is fundamental for performing successful dental hygiene procedures in all clinical settings. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the opinion of a population of dental hygiene students about the educational methods, their perceptions of the tooth drawing module, and their opinion about the content of Anatomy curriculum in an Italian University. Material and Methods: A comprehensive survey about was developed and electronically distributed to the dental hygiene students. The questionnaire consisted of questions on the application of anatomical knowledge in clinical practice, opinions on the contents and methods of gross anatomy education, and opinions on the tooth drawing module. Results: The survey was completely answered by 63 respondents. According to most respondents, drawing exercises helped to better understand the anatomy of the teeth, to incorporate dental anatomy more effectively, and to improve their ability to visualize tooth anatomy. Most respondents reported that molars were the most difficult teeth to be drawn. The respondents gave the maximum importance to the anatomical knowledge of the mandible, the maxilla, the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint, the palate, the tongue, the salivary glands, the trigeminal nerve, and the facial nerve. Conclusions: Dental drawing exercises seem to be extremely important for Dental Hygiene Bachelor Degrees and they are well appreciated by students. Appropriate educational methods of anatomy should be used to improve the attention and the learning by dental hygiene students, thus finally hopefully resulting in the improvement of their clinical skills
Molecular pathways of odontogenic keratocysts: A systematic review
Full text linkObjective: This systematic review aims to identify the molecular aspects of odontogenic keratocysts that have been elucidated to date. Methods: The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) stands out as one of the most prevalent odontogenic tumors. Since its initial description, numerous studies have delved into various aspects of this lesion, aiming to unravel its distinctive biological behavior. Results: Recent investigations have speci cally focused on the molecular aspects of OKC, shedding light on its biological characteristics. Substantial differences at the molecular level between OKC and other odontogenic cystic lesions indicate a distinct biological origin. Genetic and molecular research in the realm of odontogenic tumors, particularly OKC, has contributed signi cantly to the growing knowledge and understanding of their physiopathological pathways. Conclusion: The molecular ndings may open non-surgical, pharmaceutical options for treatment
Oral and craniofacial features associated with neurofibromatosis type 1
No full textNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations affecting the skin, nervous system, bones, and oral cavity. This comprehensive review focuses on the oral and maxillofacial features of NF1, which are present in over 70% of patients and can significantly impact dental and skeletal health. Key oral findings include neurofibromas affecting both soft and hard tissues, dental anomalies, jaw deformities, malocclusion, and alterations in the temporomandibular joint. Radiographic anomalies such as enlarged mandibular canals and foramina are frequent. Although the relationship between NF1 and dental caries remains debated, patient education and preventive care are crucial. Early diagnosis through clinical signs such as café-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, and intraoral lesions is essential for appropriate management and genetic counseling
Kabuki Syndrome and oral health
No full textKabuki Syndrome (KS), also known as Niikawa-Kuroki Syndrome, is a rare congenital disorder first discovered in Japan in 1981. This disorder owes its name to the resemblance of patients’ facial features to the makeup of traditional theatre actors. The prevalence of KS in Japan is estimated at 1:32,000 live births. The live birth prevalence outside Japan presumably approximates that seen in the Japanese population. It has been calculated a minimum birth incidence of 1:86,000 in Australia and New Zealand. The presence of individuals with KS within the same family has suggested an autosomal dominant transmission. Although several chromosomal abnormalities have been associated with this syndrome, mutations in the KMT2D, MLL2 and KDM6A genes are considered to date, the main causes of Kabuki Syndrome. The current literature is poor in information regarding oral health findings in patients affected by KS. The aim of the present systematic review was to review the literature about oral health features associated with KS
CAD/CAM and Maxillary Obturators in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Review
No full textIntroductionObturator prostheses and removable prostheses still represent a valid option in head and neck cancer patients. The aim of the present article is to briefly review the current literature about the use of a digital workflow in the intraoral prosthetic rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients.MethodsThe review included articles in English published from January 2010 to February 2023. Articles regarding patients who had undergone head and neck cancer treatment and intraoral prosthetic rehabilitation by a CAD-CAM techniques in at least 1 of the prosthetic treatment stages (scanning, design, and/or fabrication) were included.ResultsNineteen articles with 72 described patients met the inclusion criteria and were included. Three types of removable prosthetic treatments were reported: 52 maxillary obturators, 19 provisional maxillary obturators, and 1 maxillary complete denture. As for 3-dimensional image capture, the most common method was intraoral scanner, followed by conventional CT scan. As for prosthetic procedures, all treatments incorporated at least a digital workflow in 1 of the stages, either in design or fabrication. Concerning the CAM phase, definitive cast printing was performed in 69 patients. Only 3 patient was rehabilitated by using a completely digital workflow.ConclusionsA completely digital workflow was rarely used in the intraoral prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with head and neck cancer. The reduced laboratory working time, the avoidance of the risk of aspiration of impression materials, and the possibility of performing an adequate digital impression in spite of the trismus are important advantages associated with the digital workflow
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