1,721,182 research outputs found
Liposomi in terapia genica e nanoparticelle polimeriche nel targeting cerebrale; possibili approcci nanotecnologici nel direzionamento dei farmaci
No full textSoo state relazionate le nuove applicazioni delle nanotecnologie farmaceutiche al direzionamento di farmaci al cervello e al tumor
Nanoparticelle per il ripristino della funzione neuronale nella malattia di Huntington
No full textApplicazioni delle nanotecnologie per la cura e le innovazioni terapeutiche nella Corea di Hungtignto
Applicazione della microscopia confocale nella veicolazione e nel direzionamento dei farmaci
No full textNel workshop l'intervento ha puntualizzato le possibilità applicative della microscopia confocale nella valutazione del rilascio in vivo e in vitro di farmaci da sistemi nanoparticellari, microparticellari e liposomiali
Nanotechonology for drug delivery
No full textThe delivery of active substances is currently one of the most stimulating challenge due to the inability of conventional medicine to apply effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of brain pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors and HIV-related dementia as well as the application to other cancer diseases or leukemia. The use of nanodevices (ND), such as liposome (Lp) and nanoparticles (Np) have a long-time application as drug delivery systems. Regarding brain delivery, it is notable that these systems, if not engineered, are totally unable to cross the healthy state BBB; thus, the role of ND surface engineering surely represents the milestone for a promising future application in difficult-to-treat brain pathologies. These ND can be modified with specific ligands or, more generally, substances, able to increase their ability to cross BBB by means of specific mechanisms, such as absorptive-mediated transcytosis or receptor-mediated endocytosis. It is the case of specific peptides which have been conjugated with polymeric or lipidic nanodevices to allow a more selective drug delivery across the BBB, giving pharmacological evidences of the increase activity.Regarding other liposomes application, these lipidic non viral vectors have deserved considerable attention, as they have been shown to efficiently incorporate a large variety of drugs, as well as of different biologically active molecules, such as proteins, plasmids, and siRNA/ODN (see background section). Additionally, the modification of the liposome surface with hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene-glycol (PEG) does not only improve chemical stability of circulating drug-liposome formulations, but it also provides a natural support to conjugate specific ligands (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) on the nanocarrier surface and selectively direct the so-called immunoliposomes towards target cells. Considering the active role of the chronic infection in the development of cancer, the nanotechnological approach can be usefully applied to oncologic medicine, in particular to set up innovative strategies for the treatment of pathogen-associated diseases
Nanoparticelle polimeriche nel targeting attivo al SNC
No full textSi sono affrontate le problematiche di attraversamento della barriera ematoencefalica con conseguente fallimento delle terapie, nonchè i possibili approcci nel targeting cerebrale utilizzando nanoparticelle modificate in superficie
Liposomi cationici e DNA plasmidico: efficacia di complessazione ed efficienza di transfezione in diverse linee cellulari
No full textStudio di transfezione in diverse linee cellulari: impiego di liposomi cationici quali vettori per DNA plasmidico
PLA microparticles for nimesulide prolonged release: effect of the preparative variables.
No full textPLA microparticles for nimesulide prolonged release: effect of the preparative variables
Nanomedicine: the future for advancing medicine and neuroscience
No full textConsidering the last half century, the delivery of pharmacologically active substances, such as synthetic drugs, natural compounds, gene material and many other pharmaceutical products, has been widely studied and investigated [1]. Scientists working on the field of pharmacological active substances easily understood that the main problem of such molecules is represented by their wide and non-specific biodistribution once administered in the human body. This reflect in an increase in toxicity and contemporaneously in both a decreased patient’s compliance and decreased benefit-risk ratio. Another critical issue consists of the tremendous difficulty of such drugs and active molecules in crossing biological barriers [2]. In this view, the development of drug delivery systems (DDS) is aimed to create carriers able to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of drugs. Along with this purpose, the carriers could protect the body from the exposure of a great amount of drugs thus decreasing the circulating doses. Taken together, these aspects surely represent one of the most innovative improvement of the last decade of pharmaceutical research. This strategy took the smart name of “Nanomedicine”, mainly based on the use of lipid-based (liposomes, LPs), polymer-based (nanoparticles, NPs) nanocarriers or metal-based nanovectors. The last example of nanocarriers (i.e. super-paramagnetic nanoparticles) are currently applied in medicine in order to improve the quality and the specificity of body/cell imaging and diagnostic. These carriers are usually made of gold or iron, featured by a core-shell able to be visualized in body depth, thus allowing the physician to obtain better defined contrast and diagnostic images. Some examples are Resovist ® (Shering, Berlin, Germany) and Endorem/Lumirem ® (Advanced Magnetics, Guebert, France) used for liver tumor imaging. Considering the drug delivery and drug targeting aim deputed to Nanomedicine, the main advantages of nanocarriers rely on the protection of the active molecule from the metabolism and degradation, the possibility of governing the drug release over time and the ability in reaching target site (mainly organ or tissue) by using passive-route. Despite these applications, which encourages highlights from the researches, the main limits that may hamper the development of such nanocarriers could be recognized in the lack of selectivity and specificity of DDS. Thus, in order to maximize the therapeutic effect, the new “smart” DDS need to be further engineered to obtain “stable and ultra-selective” carriers able to deliver the drugs not only to the target organ or tissue but also to the target cell. In fact, in the last 10 years, the research in Nanomedicine strongly focused on the use of specific ligands (antibodies, peptides, substrates of receptors, and many others) to be conjugated onto the surface of NPs and LPs, thus enabling nanocarriers to specifically target cell population or to cross virtually impermeable barriers, as the Blood Brain Barrier [2].Some important focuses should be considered when approaching to Nanomedicine, such as its development in comparison with other innovative approaches (i.e. personalized medicine) and its application to the most difficult-to-treat diseases (i.e. neurodegenerative and neurological disorders)
Brain targeting with polymeric nanoparticles: which administration route should we take?
No full textPolymeric nanoparticles (NPs) represent one of the most studied carriers for drug delivery, due to their ability in overcoming problems related to the instability of drugs and their widespread biodistribution as well as for the possibility of targeting cells or organs [1].
In particular, drug delivery to the brain is a challenge for scientists, since the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) allows the entrance of specific and selected molecules, but it hampers the passage of a remarkable number of pharmacologically active molecules.
A plethora of strategies aims to create, characterize and test in vitro and in vivo NPs able to cross the BBB, in health or diseased state, i.e. with physiological or enhanced permeability [2]. Nearly all the strategies involved are based on moieties, as surfactants, antibodies, ligands for receptors and peptides [3-7] linked on the NPs surface (engineered NPs).
Beside the “BBB crossing aim”, NPs targeted to the Central Nervous System (CNS) have to be planned considering their “journey into the body” [8], as the biodistribution of the nanocarriers and the route of administration is another aspect to be taken into account
Microsfere di gelatina reticolata con le microonde: studio del caricamento e del rilascio del farmaco
No full textMicrosfere di gelatina reticolata con le microonde: studio del caricamento e del rilascio del farmac
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