524 research outputs found
Musikstädte as real and imaginary soundscapes: urban musical images as literary motifs in twentieth-century German modernism
No full textPhDThis study examines German literary images of musical life as part of the wider sound identity of the modern German city at the turn of the twentieth century. Focussing on a forty-year period from 1890 to 1930, synonymous with the emergence of the modern German metropolis as an aesthetic object, the project assesses, compares and contrasts how musical life in the Musikstädte was perceived and portrayed by writers in an increasingly noisy urban environment. How does urban musical life influence and condition city writings? What are the differences and similarities between the writings on various musical cities? Can an urban textual sound identity be derived from these differences and similarities? The approach employed to answer these questions is a new, cross-disciplinary one to urban sound in literature, moving beyond reading the key sounds of the urban soundscape using urban musicology, sensorial anthropology and cultural poetics towards a literary contextualisation of the urban aural experience.
The literary motifs of the symphony, the gramophone and urban noise are put under the spotlight through the analysis of a wide range of modernist works by authors who have a special relationship with music. At the centre of this analysis are the Kaffeehausliteratur authors Hermann Bahr, Alfred Polgar and Peter Altenberg, the then Munich-based author Thomas Mann and the lesser known René Schickele. The analysis of these particular works is framed in the music-geographical context of the Musikstadt and literary underpinnings of this topos, ranging from Ingeborg Bachmann to Hans Mayer and, once again, Thomas Mann. In analysing these texts, the methodological approach devised by Strohm, who identifies the blending of a range of urban sounds as a definition of urban space and identity, is applied. His ideas combine historical literary
analysis, musical history and urban sociology. They are rarely used in the analysis of the auditory environment.Arts and Humanities Research Council
Westfield TrustWestfield Trust Studentship
Arts and Humanities Reseach Council (AHRC
The similarity-attraction paradigm in persuasive technology: effects of system and user personality on evaluations and persuasiveness of an interactive system
No full textThis paper presents a study that tests whether the similarity-attraction paradigm applies to persuasive technology. That is, the notion that similarity leads to more positive evaluations and persuasion of an interactive system was tested in an online study in which participants were provided with automated persuasive messages that had either a dominant or a submissive interaction style. The system with a dominant interaction style was expected to be more persuasive than the system with a submissive interaction style. Moreover, people with dominant personalities were expected to be persuaded more by a dominant system, while people with submissive personalities were expected to be persuaded more by a submissive one. Results showed that the dominant system was more persuasive than the submissive one, but also that the dominant system was perceived as less likeable than the submissive one. Expectations regarding the similarity-attraction paradigm were confirmed for people's evaluations of the system, but not for the system's persuasiveness. The current work could ultimately help creating technologies that adapt their persuasive messages to their users
Trends of Europeanization in social welfare politics. IHS Political Science Series 82, July 2002
Full text linkFritz W. Scharpf (2000 and 2002) defines the term Europeanization as the progressive shift of governmental tasks to the European level. According to this understanding he identifies four modes of Europeanization. Further, he recognizes the establishment of minimum standards and the open method of co-ordination as specific modes of Europeanization. This paper first relates the welfare political goals and problems of both named methods of Europeanization in social welfare politics, then describes the political processes which accompany them, and subsequently tests whether Scharpf’s analysis can be affirmed
Peter - Luther C. Peter
No full textA.B.; A.M., 1894; Sc.D., 1926; entered sophomore class; Phi Gamma Delta; Phi Beta Kappa. M.D., U. of P., 1894. Born Feb. 14, 1869, St. Clairsville. Son of J.P., ex,. 1864. Practicing Ophthalmology, Phila., since 1894; professor of diseases of the eye, Temple U., 1917- ; prof., Grad. Med. Sch. of U. of P., 1919- ; ophthalmologist to Samaritan, Garretson and Polyclinic Hospitals, etc. Sec., The Amer. Acad. of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology 1918-1926 and pres., same, 1927-28; sec., and treas., International Congress of Ophthalmology, Washington, D.C., 1922. Author: The Principles and Practice of Perimetry, 19116; The Extra-Ocular Muscles, 1927. Married June 20, 1916, Carrie C. Moser, Philadelphia. Address: Suite 1206,. 1930 Chestnut St., Philadelphia. Handwritten on back: ""Yours Truly, L. C. Peter, Class '91. Manheim, Pa."
The good, the bad, and the ugly: Esping-Andersen's regime typology and the religious roots of the Western welfare state
Full text linkEsping-Andersen's 'Three World of Welfare Capitalism' has been the most influential contribution of recent years to the comparative welfare state research literature. According to Esping-Andersen, the welfare state basically comes in three variants: as a social-democratic, a conservative, or as a liberal regime. Yet, at a closer look particularly the conservative regime type proves to be a highly problematic category. The article claims that major problems of the 'three worlds'-typology originate from Esping-Andersen's sole focus on the class conflict, whereas he only very selectively accounts for the importance of religious cleavages. Major empirical problems of his approach vanish once we take into account not only the impact of the Catholic social doctrine on the development of the welfare state, but consider also the influence of social Protestantism, especially that of reformed, 'free', disestablished or dissenting Protestantism. The paper substantiates this claim with data-analysis for the early formative period of welfare state formation (1890-1920) and for its times of growth and crisis (1960s-1990). -- Folgt man dem einflussreichsten Beitrag zur vergleichenden Wohlfahrtsstaatsforschung der letzten Zeit, Esping-Andersens 'Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism', so tritt der entwickelte westliche Sozialstaat in drei Varianten auf: entweder als sozialdemokratisches, oder als konservatives, oder als liberales Wohlfahrtsstaatsregime. Ein genauerer Blick zeigt jedoch, dass Esping-Andersens Typenbildung und Länderzuordnungen insbesondere im Fall des konservativen Regimes problematisch sind. In diesem Papier argumentiere ich, dass gravierende Probleme daherrühren, dass seine Theorie vornehmlich den Klassenkonflikt, nur sehr selektiv aber den Einfluss konfessioneller Faktoren in den Blick nimmt. Wesentliche empirische Unstimmigkeiten seines Ansatzes lassen sich lösen, wenn man neben der Bedeutung der katholischen Soziallehre für den institutionellen Entwicklungspfad des entwickelten Wohlfahrtsstaates auch den Einfluss des Protestantismus, und hier insbesondere den Einfluss der reformierten protestantischen Strömungen, in den Blick nimmt. Der Beitrag zeigt dies mit vergleichenden Daten sowohl für die Frühphase (1890-1920) als auch für die Hochzeit des entwickelten Wohlfahrtsstaats (1960-1990).
Stopping distance for a robot approaching two conversating persons
No full textIn recent years, much attention has been given to developing robots with various social skills. An important social skill is navigation in the presence of people. Earlier research has indicated preferred approach angles and stopping distances for a robot when approaching people who are interacting with each other. However, an experimental validation of user experiences with such a robot is largely missing. The current study investigates the shape and size of a shared interaction space and evaluations of a robot approaching from various angles. Results show an expected pattern of stopping distances, but only when a robot approaches the middle point between two persons. Additionally, more positive evaluations were found when a robot approached on the side of the participant compared to other participant's side. These findings highlight the importance of using a smart path planning method for robots when joining an interaction between users
Does a friendly robot make you feel better?
No full text\u3cp\u3eAs robots are taking a more prominent role in our daily lives, it becomes increasingly important to consider how their presence influences us. Several studies have investigated effects of robot behavior on the extent to which that robot is positively evaluated. Likewise, studies have shown that the emotions a robot shows tend to be contagious: a happy robot makes us feel happy as well. It is unknown, however, whether the affect that people experience while interacting with a robot also influences their evaluation of the robot. This study aims to discover whether people's affective and evaluative responses to a social robot are related. Results show that affective responses and evaluations are related, and that these effects are strongest when a robot shows meaningful motions. These results are consistent with earlier findings in terms of how people evaluate social robots.\u3c/p\u3
Ambient persuasion needs goal-striving: the effect of goal activation on the persuasive power of subliminal feedback
Full text linkNo abstract
PETER THE GREAT REVISED: ON THE HISTORY OF THE TEXT OF ALEXEY TOLSTOY’S NOVEL
No full textThe paper was written at the A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the support of the grant of the President of Russian Federation for young Russian scientists and scholars with a PhD title (МК-9079.2016.6). Abstract: The article examines Alexey Tolstoy’s incomplete revisions (1944– 1945) of the first book of his novel Peter the Great. These revisions were taken into account in the course of the text’s preparation for the first Collection of Complete Works (1946) compiled and edited after Tolstoy’s death. On the one hand, the revisions of 1944–1945 continued the main line of Tolstoy’s work on his previous editions (general tendency to conciseness, elimination of colorful epithets, cuttings, clarification of images and historical realities). On the other hand, Tolstoy returned to those images what he had repudiated when preparing one of the first drafts of the text (as for example, the image of Nikita Pustosvyat). Besides, according to A. V. Alpatov, the author cut out the “erroneous moments” related to the mention of Germans and German influence on Peter in the novel (“the elements of idealization in the depiction of Kukuy”). One of the main directions in the author’s revisions had to do with the image of the main character, Peter the First. Tolstoy idealized Peter by cutting the descriptions of his disease and seizures and by correcting the scenes representing his wrath and mad, explosive temper. Thus, in 1944–1945 Tolstoy seriously reworked his novel including its contents
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