197 research outputs found
Versuch einer Theorie der Phosphor-Intoxikation
No full textvorgelegt von Rudolf Tischner ; Referent: Privatdozent Dr. RickerUniversität Rostock, Dissertation, 190
Early responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to infection by Verticillium longisporum
No full textArabidopsis thaliana roots were infected with Verticillium longisporum conidia in a sterile hydroponic culture. The phosphorylation pattern of root and shoot proteins was transiently changed within 10 min after contact with the conidia. A transient burst of NO was observed in the root area and may be a signal transferred to the shoot. When tested at 50 min after the first contact with the pathogen, the expression of 732 genes in the roots and 474 genes in the shoot (change >2 fold, p-value < 0.05) was affected. Genes related to cell wall synthesis, proteolysis and transcription were induced in the roots. Genes linked to signaling, proteolysis and defense were up-regulated. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Interference with the citrulline-based nitric oxide synthase assay by argininosuccinate lyase activity in Arabidopsis extracts
No full textThere are many reports of an arginine-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity in plants; however, the gene(s) or protein(s) responsible for this activity have yet to be convincingly identified. To measure nitric oxide synthase activity, many studies have relied on a citrulline-based assay that measures the formation of L-citrulline from L-arginine using ion exchange chromatography. In this article, we report that when such assays are used with protein extracts from Arabidopsis, an arginine-dependent activity was observed, but it produced a product other than citrulline. TLC analysis identified the product as argininosuccinate. The reaction was stimulated by fumarate (> 500 microM), implicating the urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate lyase (EC 4.3.2.1), which reversibly converts arginine and fumarate to argininosuccinate. These results indicate that caution is needed when using standard citrulline-based assays to measure nitric oxide synthase activity in plant extracts, and highlight the importance of verifying the identity of the product as citrulline.Rudolf Tischner, Mary Galli, Yair M. Heimer, Sarah Bielefeld, Mamoru Okamoto, Alyson Mack and Nigel M. Crawfor
Reflections of Charles Taylor
No full textThe article pertains to those aspects of the philosophy of Charles Taylor that constitute his "religious reflections". At the onset Tischner considered the degree to which one may describe Taylor’s reflections as "post-secular". Subsequently, he outlined three domains of the philosophy of the author of A Secular Age: his conception of the language of epiphany and the parabola, which open up to a certain higher reality, analyses of experiencing agape/karuna, and, finally, descriptions of the phenomenon of kenoza/anatta. According to Tischner, Taylor wishes to indicate common points linking Buddhist tradition and Christianity. A summary recalls those religious thinkers with whom Taylor conducts a dialogue
"The Kingfisher" : almost a sonnet, not quite a theology
No full textArtykuł jest rozbudowaną interpretacją wiersza Adama Zagajewskiego "Zimorodek". Autor wskazuje na dialog poety z jednym z najsłynniejszych wiktoriańskich pisarzy religijnych - G. M. Hopkinsem, na co zwraca uwagę motto. Jak się okazuje, najważniejszym intertekstem dla polskiego poety jest jednak nie "As kingfishers catch fire…" (motto), lecz "Windhover", w którym metaforyka ognia łączy się z refleksją chrystologiczną. Tischner pokazuje, że Zagajewski nie aktywizuje teologii ukrytej w sonecie Hopkinsa, ale "Windhover" i własne doświadczenie obserwacji lotu zimorodka są zapalnikiem quasi-religijnego doświadczenia metanoi. Rekonstruując sensy ewokowane przez wiersz Zagajewskiego, Tischner wskazuje na zbieżności między opisem kontemplacji zimorodka i "uwagą" w rozumieniu Simone Weil. Zauważa też pokrewieństwo między rozumieniem poezji przez Zagajewskiego i Charlesa Taylora.The article is an extended interpretation of Adam Zagajewski’s poem "The Kingfisher". The author refers to the poet’s dialogue with one of the most important Victorian religious writers, G. M. Hopkins, from whom he took the motto. As it turns out, however, the most important intertext for Zagajewski is not "As Kingfishers Catch Fire…" (motto), but "Windhover", in which the metaphor of fire is combined with Christological reflection. Tischner shows that Zagajewski does not activate the theology hidden in Hopkins’s sonnet, but "Windhover" and his own experience of observing the flight of the kingfisher are the triggers for a quasi-religious experience of metanoia. Reconstructing the meanings evoked by Zagajewski’s poem, Tischner points to parallels between the description of the contemplation of the kingfisher and "attention" as understood by Simone Weil. He also notes the affinity between Zagajewski’s and Charles Taylor’s understanding of poetry
Testing for terrestrial and freshwater microalgae productivity under elevated CO2 conditions and nutrient limitation
No full textAbstract Background Microalgae CO2 fixation results in the production of biomass rich in high-valuable products, such as fatty acids and carotenoids. Enhanced productivity of valuable compounds can be achieved through the microalgae’s ability to capture CO2 efficiently from sources of high CO2 contents, but it depends on the species. Culture collections of microalgae offer a wide variety of defined strains. However, an inadequate understanding of which groups of microalgae and from which habitats they originate offer high productivity under increased CO2 concentrations hampers exploiting microalgae as a sustainable source in the bioeconomy. Results A large variety of 81 defined algal strains, including new green algal isolates from various terrestrial environments, were studied for their growth under atmospheres with CO2 levels of 5–25% in air. They were from a pool of 200 strains that had been pre-selected for phylogenetic diversity and high productivity under ambient CO2. Green algae from terrestrial environments exhibited enhanced growth up to 25% CO2. In contrast, in unicellular red algae and stramenopile algae, which originated through the endosymbiotic uptake of a red algal cell, growth at CO2 concentrations above 5% was suppressed. While terrestrial stramenopile algae generally tolerated such CO2 concentrations, their counterparts from marine phytoplankton did not. The tests of four new strains in liquid culture revealed enhanced biomass and chlorophyll production under elevated CO2 levels. The 15% CO2 aeration increased their total carotenoid and fatty acid contents, which were further stimulated when combined with the starvation of macronutrients, i.e., less with phosphate and more with nitrogen-depleted culture media. Conclusion Green algae originating from terrestrial environments, Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae, exhibit enhanced productivity of carotenoids and fatty acids under elevated CO2 concentrations. This ability supports the economic and sustainable production of valuable compounds from these microalgae using inexpensive sources of high CO2 concentrations, such as industrial exhaust fumes
Kant i Tischner a problem zła. Kilka uwag krytycznych o Tischnerowskiej interpretacji filozofii zła u Immanuela Kanta
No full text Kant and Tischner and the question of evil. Several critical remarks concerning the Tischner’s interpretation of the philosophy of evil in I. Kant’s thoughtIn the paper “Kant, Tischner and the Problem of Evil” the author would like to draw the readers’ attention to the question of evil. It is the matter of fact that the problem of evil has become one of the most discussed in the contemporary philosophy. The role of I. Kant in this field is important, and many thinkers in 20th century considered the evil’s problem in relations to Kant, who coined the term ‘radical evil’. One of them was a Polish philosopher, J. Tischner. In the paper the author takes into consideration the arguments of Tischner about the Kant’s conception and critically discusses them. Kant and Tischner and the question of evil. Several critical remarks concerning the Tischner’s interpretation of the philosophy of evil in I. Kant’s thoughtIn the paper “Kant, Tischner and the Problem of Evil” the author would like to draw the readers’ attention to the question of evil. It is the matter of fact that the problem of evil has become one of the most discussed in the contemporary philosophy. The role of I. Kant in this field is important, and many thinkers in 20th century considered the evil’s problem in relations to Kant, who coined the term ‘radical evil’. One of them was a Polish philosopher, J. Tischner. In the paper the author takes into consideration the arguments of Tischner about the Kant’s conception and critically discusses them
The poet discovers sources (of the self) : Adam Zagajewski and Charles Taylor
No full textArtykuł wskazuje na związki Adama Zagajewskiego z myślą Charlesa Taylora. Tischner przekonuje, że dialog poety z filozofem nie ogranicza się do cytatów, bezpośrednich nawiązań, lecz ujawnia się także na głębszym poziomie. Na podstawie esejów oraz wywiadów Zagajewskiego udało się ustalić, że poeta studiował "Źródła podmiotowości" oraz "Etykę autentyczności", zapewne sięgał także do późniejszych prac dotyczących kondycji religii w odczarowanym świecie ("A Catholic Modernity?" oraz "A Secular Age"). Zagajewski zaczerpnął od Taylora wywód historyczny, mówiący o genealogii nowoczesnej tożsamości. Nawiązywał także do diagnoz filozofa mówiących o oświeceniowo-romantycznym rodowodzie współczesnego Europejczyka oraz do przekonania, że walka o bardziej wymagające formy życia duchowego wcale nie jest przegrana. Najwięcej bezpośrednich śladów rozmowy z Taylorem można znaleźć w esejach z "Obrony żarliwości". Tischner sugeruje, że Zagajewski nawiązuje do diagnoz Taylora także w wierszach (np. "Ziemia ognista", "Senza flash" oraz "Zimorodek"), w których pojawia się motyw duchowej lobotomii oraz epifanicznej mocy poezji.The article shows Adam Zagajewski's relationship with Charles Taylor's thought. Tischner argues that the poet's dialogue with the philosopher is not limited to quotations, and direct references but is also revealed at a deeper level. Based on Zagajewski's essays and interviews, the author concludes that the poet studied "Sources of the Self" and "The Ethics of Authenticity", and probably also drew on later works dealing with the condition of religion in a disenchanted world ("A Catholic Modernity?" and "A Secular Age"). Zagajewski borrowed from Taylor's historical argument about the genealogy of modern identity. He also alluded to the philosopher's diagnoses of the Enlightenment-Romantic lineage of modern Europeans and his conviction that the struggle for more demanding forms of spiritual life is preserved. The most direct traces of the conversation with Taylor can be found in the essays from "The Defense of Ardor". Tischner suggests that Zagajewski also alludes to Taylor's diagnoses in poems (e.g., "Tierra del fuego", "Senza flash", and "The Kingfisher"), in which the motifs of spiritual lobotomy and the epiphanic power of poetry appear
Ksiądz Józef Tischner - propozycja nie tylko dla katechetów
No full textThe text consists of three parts. The first one is devoted to the reading experience
of young Jozef Tischner, his fascination with literature, and the consequences that resulted
from this in his adulthood. The second part presents the author of Życie według
wartości (Life according to values) as a priest who implements a new model of the Holy
Mass for children. The well-thought-out incorporation of the youngest in the essence of
the Eucharist, teaching them how to consciously participate in the mass mystery, the
ability to conduct a dialogue — these testify further to his capabilities as a theologian
and philosopher. The third part shows Tischner introducing the young reader to the highland
landscape and folklore. The whole book concerns the least known form of creative
activity of the author of Filozofia po góralsku (The Highlander’s History of Philosophy)
related to the youngest addressee
Nitrate reductase from winter wheat leaves is activated at low temperature via protein dephosphorylation
No full textThe effect of short-term low temperature treatment on nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.6.6.1) activity, NR protein and NR transcript levels in excised leaves of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Sadovo-1) was investigated. NR activity, measured in the presence of Mg2+ (NRact), doubled within 2 h at 4degreesC, whereas NR activity, measured in the presence of EDTA (NRmax), did not respond to the cold treatment. Such an activation of NR occurred only if leaves were exposed to low temperature in the light but not in the dark. It was not affected by feeding cytoplasmic protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, or protein kinase inhibitor, staurosporin, but was completely prevented by okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases of the type 1 and 2 A. This inhibitory effect decreased gradually when okadaic acid-concentration in the nutrient solution was lowered below 1 muM and tended to disappear when leaves were fed with 10 nM okadaic acid. It was demonstrated that the cold-induced NR activation was dependent neither on cold-triggered calcium influx nor on high endogenous abscisic acid levels. The increased NRact in cold-exposed leaves was found to correlate with a higher level of NR transcript but not with an increased NR protein level. Feeding okadaic acid to these leaves prevented the cold-induced accumulation of NR mRNA. These data point to protein phosphatases of the type 2 A being involved in NR protein dephosphorylation and NR transcript accumulation as targets of activation by low temperature treatment
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