48 research outputs found
Evaluation of transmission infrared spectroscopy and digital and optical refractometers to identify low immunoglobulin G concentrations in alpaca serum.
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the digital Brix and optical serum total protein (STP) refractometers for measuring concentrations of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) in alpacas and compare them to IgG concentrations measured by the reference method of radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay. The appropriate cutoff point for Brix and STP refractometers and the transmission infrared (TIR) spectroscopy method was determined for low IgG concentrations (< 10 g/L). Serum samples were collected from alpacas (N = 169) and tested by both refractometers. The correlation between Brix % and STP was high [correlation coefficient (r) = 0.99]. However, the correlation coefficients between Brix % and STP with serum RID-IgG concentrations were only 0.56 and 0.55, respectively. Twenty-one (12.4%) of 169 alpaca serum samples had IgG concentrations of < 10 g/L. Using receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the optimal cutoff points for the TIR assay, digital Brix, and optical STP refractometers for assessing low IgG (RID < 10 g/L) were 13 g/L, 8.8%, and 50 g/L, respectively. The TIR assay showed higher sensitivity (Se = 95.2%) and specificity (Sp = 96.8%) than either the digital Brix (Se = 90.5% and Sp = 65.5%) or optical STP (Se = 81% and Sp = 73.7%) refractometers for assessing alpacas with low IgG. In conclusion, the Brix and STP refractometers lack accuracy in measuring alpaca IgG concentrations, but may be useful for screening animals for low serum IgG. However, the TIR assay with a cutoff point of 13 g/L was more appropriate for identifying low IgG than either refractometer. Another study that focuses on neonatal crias is recommended in order to evaluate the usefulness of these assays for field diagnosing of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI).journal article2017 Julimporte
La Tabula De ciuitate Dei dite de Robert Kilwardby : Problèmes d’attribution et tradition manuscrite
No full textDepuis le XVIIIe siècle, on attribue au dominicain Robert Kilwardby († 1279) la table alphabétique anonyme du De ciuitate Dei de saint Augustine présente, notamment, dans les manuscrits Paris, BnF, lat. 2073, 2074 et 2075. Cet article a pour objectif de rejeter cette attribution qui n'a à son compte aucun argument probant et d'établir la tradition manuscrite de l’œuvre en question, qui connaît une diffusion à l'échelle européenne. En outre, la pertinence de deux autres hypothèses d'attribution est discutée : certains manuscrits portent le nom d'Aimery de Plaisance, maître général des dominicains († 1327) ; et Léopold Delisle a autrefois, de manière très confidentielle, attribué cette table à Jean Bernier de Fayt, compilateur bénédictin prolifique († 1395).From the 18th century onwards, the Dominican friar Robert Kilwardby (d. 1279) has been considered the author of the anonymous alphabetical table on Augustine's De ciuitate Dei copied in manuscripts Paris, BnF, lat. 2073, 2074, 2075, among other codices. This paper intends both to disprove such an assumption, for which there is no scientific evidence whatsoever, and to establish the manuscript tradition of the work in question, which happens to be spread in the whole of Europe. Furthermore, two other hypothetical authors are discussed: Some of the manuscripts bear the name of Aymeric of Piacenza (d. 1327), master of the Dominican order, as that of the author, and Léopold Delisle once considered, although he was not followed by any scholar in this opinion of his, that the table was to be ascribed to Jean Bernier de Fayt, a very prolific Benedictine compiler (d. 1395)
Le Manipulus exemplorum : Un recueil d’exempla bénédictin à attribuer à Jean Bernier de Fayt († 1395)
No full textÀ l'occasion de recherches monographiques consacrées à l'abbé bénédictin de Saint-Bavon Jean Bernier de Fayt (ca 1320-1395), on a constaté que son Manipulus exemplorum, conservé par trois manuscrits, est généralement considéré comme un recueil anonyme du XVe siècle issu du milieu des croisiers. C'est en effet sous ces traits que l'avait dépeint Jean-Thiébaut Welter dans ses travaux pionniers sur l'exemplum, n'ayant recensé qu'un seul témoin du volumineux anecdotier latin. Dès lors, on n'a pas assez pris la mesure de ce que représente réellement le Manipulus exemplorum : il semble en effet que la vocation première de l’œuvre d'un bénédictin intéressé par l'anecdote plutôt que par la morale ne soit pas nécessairement l'usage homilétique.Whenever undertaking research on the topic of Saint Bavo's Benedictine abbot Jean Bernier de Fayt (ca 1320-1395), one can but notice that his Manipulus exemplorum, of which three manuscripts are preserved, is generally considered among scholars an anonymous work compiled in a 15th-century Crosiers convent. That is indeed the picture drawn by the pioneering studies on the exemplum genre Jean-Thiébaut Welter published in the Interbellum, the aforementioned scholar merely knowing one manuscript of the large Latin exempla collection. Therefore, the real nature of the Manipulus exemplorum is yet to be grasped: It seems the primary puropose of a Benedictine's work, its author more interested in anecdotes than in morals, might not be so straightforwardly understood as an homiletical one
“How sweet are your strawberries?”: Predicting sugariness using non-destructive and affordable hardware
No full textGlobal soft fruit supply chains rely on trustworthy descriptions of product quality. However, crucial criteria such as sweetness and firmness cannot be accurately established without destroying the fruit. Since traditional alternatives are subjective assessments by human experts, it is desirable to obtain quality estimations in a consistent and non-destructive manner. The majority of research on fruit quality measurements analyzed fruits in the lab with uniform data collection. However, it is laborious and expensive to scale up to the level of the whole yield. The “harvest-first, analysis-second” method also comes too late to decide to adjust harvesting schedules. In this research, we validated our hypothesis of using in-field data acquirable via commodity hardware to obtain acceptable accuracies. The primary instance that the research concerns is the sugariness of strawberries, described by the juice’s total soluble solid (TSS) content (unit: °Brix or Brix). We benchmarked the accuracy of strawberry Brix prediction using convolutional neural networks (CNN), variational autoencoders (VAE), principal component analysis (PCA), kernelized ridge regression (KRR), support vector regression (SVR), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), based on fusions of image data, environmental records, and plant load information, etc. Our results suggest that: (i) models trained by environment and plant load data can perform reliable prediction of aggregated Brix values, with the lowest RMSE at 0.59; (ii) using image data can further supplement the Brix predictions of individual fruits from (i), from 1.27 to as low up to 1.10, but they by themselves are not sufficiently reliable
Comparação de métodos de avaliação da resistência em cana-de-açúcar ao Colletotrichum falcatum
No full textDiferentes metodologias foram comparadas para a avaliação de resistência à Colletotrichum falcatum em cana-de-açúcar. Avaliaram-se os efeitos da idade da planta e do período de incubação na manifestação da podridão vermelha nos colmos, e os resultados mostraram não haver grande influência da idade do colmo na época de inoculação e que o período de incubação não precisa ser superior a 60 dias. Avaliações de resistência de plantas de cana-de-açúcar a infecção foliar através de inoculações na nervura central mostraram que e possível separar classes de resistência em clones e variedades. O autor desenvolveu um índice de doença (IVD) baseado no volume do tecido atacado e o volume total do colmo. Determinaram-se as perdas de açúcar em colmos inoculados com C. falcatum de nove variedades de cana-de-açúcar, pela diferença de brix entre a parte sadia e doente do colmo. Avaliou-se também a correlação entre a resistência nas folhas e resistência nos colmos ao C. falcatum em clones e variedades de cana-de-açúcar. Os resultados mostraram não haver correlação entre as duas formas de resistência. Estimaram-se os prejuízos causados pela doença associando-se os valores obtidos da diferença de brix entre a parte sadia e doente com os valores de IVD. O resultado obtido nos permitiu uma melhor avaliação de cada variedade analisada. Foi testada a possibilidade de desenvolver variedades resistentes através da pré-seleção em folhas de plântulas, e os resultados indicaram que a metodologia da inoculação na folha pode ser utilizada em programas de melhoramentoDifferent methodologies of testing sugarcane resistance to red rot Colletotrichum falcatum were compared in plants inoculated in leaf and stem with different ages associated with period of incubation. The evaluation of plant age and period of incubation effect in disease development indicated that stem age was not so important and that the incubation period of sixty days was enough to evaluate the disease resistance in stems. ln the inoculation of leaf middle rib it was possible to select resistant sugarcane plants to red rot pathogen based upon the lesion size. The author developed a disease index (IVD) based on the volume of diseased tissue and the total volume of stem. Considering the brix of diseased and health area of stem of nine varieties of sugarcane the sugar loss was estimated using brix difference as criteria for resistance to red rot. Since the IVD and brix difference criteria for resistance evaluation was not satisfactory, a new index of loss was evaluated multiplying the IVD with the brix difference with better evaluation of disease resistance than all the other tested methods. It was investigated the correlation between leaf and stem resistance in clones and varieties. The results indicated that the resistance in leaf does not depend on the stem resistance. The possibility to develop resistant varieties through pre-selection in seedling leaves in breeding program was tested and the results indicated that the methodology of leaf inoculation can be utilized as an auxiliary breeding method for red ro
Du neuf sur la réception par Sainte-Beuve et Gustave Planche du Roi s’amuse de Victor Hugo
No full textInternational audienceVictor Hugo’s play Le roi s’amuse was first performed on November 22, 1832, then officially banned the next day. Hugo did, at least, manage to get the text published: it came off the press of the publisher Renduel on December 2, with a preface by Hugo written in response to the ban. But in such a context, the author needed more than ever the support of his “friends” to take on the authorities. This article draws on two unpublished letters to Hugo, and shows that both Sainte-Beuve and Gustave Planche were minded, on this occasion, to equivocate and let the author of Le roi s’amuse stand alone. It was a moment that would definitively change Hugo’s relations with the two critics. This article also offers, in an appendix, a report on the first four editions printed in France of Le roi s’amuse.Le drame Le roi s’amuse de Victor Hugo fut représenté pour la première fois le 22 novembre 1832, puis défendu par ordre le lendemain. Le texte pouvait au moins être publié : il sortit des presses de l’éditeur Renduel le 2 décembre, avec une préface de Hugo rédigée en manière de riposte. Mais en pareil contexte, l’auteur avait besoin plus que jamais ‒ contre le pouvoir ‒ du soutien de ses « amis ». Le présent article tire parti du contenu de deux billets inédits à Hugo, et montre que tant Sainte-Beuve que Gustave Planche ont surtout songé, en l’occasion, à se dérober et à laisser l’auteur du Roi s’amuse faire front seul. Les relations de Hugo avec les deux critiques s’en trouveront définitivement altérées. ‒ En outre, est jointe à cet article, en annexe, une mise au point sur les quatre premières éditions imprimées en France du Roi s’amuse
Some Quality Aspects of Persimmon Jam Manufactured by Osmotic Dehydration without Thermal Treatment
No full textThe traditional way of preparing persimmon jam produces astringent flavours due to the conversion of insoluble tannins into soluble tannins as a consequence of the high temperatures used in the process. For this reason, a new method for preparing this kind of product based on osmotic dehydration was tested, in order to obtain persimmon jam without thermal treatment. In this work, 'Rojo Brillante' persimmon slices were dehydrated to approximately 30 Brix in concentrated grape juice of 65.8 Brix at 30C, according to a previous kinetic study. Then, samples were mixed with concentrated grape juice, potassium sorbate, pectin and citric acid in order to reach a concentration of soluble solids of approximately 48 Brix. Samples were stored at room temperature, and at 4C. Determinations of Brix, humidity, astringency, water activity and analysis of optical and mechanical properties (consistency and extrusion) were performed after 1, 5, 7, 12 and 18 days of storage. Non-refrigerated jam spoiled after five days of storage, but the characteristics of the refrigerated samples barely changed, without the presence of astringency. In conclusion, this method of preparing jam from persimmons could increase the commercial possibilities of this fruit, using refrigerated storage. © 2011 Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights reserved.Corresponding author: M. Igual, [email protected], Food Technology Department, Food Investigation and Innovation Group, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, P. B. 22012, 46022, Valencia, Spain. The authors would like to thank the R&D&D&I Linguistic Assistance Office, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Spain), for granting financial support for the linguistic revision of this paper. The authors also thank the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Spain) for the financial support with the project AGL2008-01745.Igual Ramo, M.; Castelló Gómez, ML.; Ortolá Ortolá, MD.; Andrés Grau, AM. (2011). Some Quality Aspects of Persimmon Jam Manufactured by Osmotic Dehydration without Thermal Treatment. International Journal of Food Engineering. 7(5):1-15. https://doi.org/10.2202/1556-3758.2150S1157
Guillaume Cretin and the Rewriting of the Grandes Chroniques de France
No full textInternational audienceIn 1515, King Francis I commissioned courtly poet Guillaume Cretin to write a history of the French royal dynasty. The resulting Chronique française, which is around 25,000 verses long and remained unfinished at the death of its author in 1525, is generally considered a rhymed version of the Grandes Chroniques de France. This paper argues that Cretin’s Chronique is not merely a rewriting of a much more popular work, but a carefully crafted text designed to bring about a different perspective on the history of the French kings. This new edition and analysis of a significant passage (book 1, chapter 14 of the Chronique) shows how Cretin attempted to craft a text worthy of a scholarly historian and highlights the scope and ambition he gave to a work that was intended to teach, scold, and ultimately, to please and entertain
Baudelaire, «disciple» d'Edgar Poe ?
No full textEverybody agrees in seeing in Baudelaire the major medium between Poe and, not only France, but also the whole continental Europe. We easily perceive what Poe owes to the author of the Fleurs du Mal. But a more important question that has to find its answer is the opposite one: what does Baudelaire owe to Poe? Is criticism entitled to see the latter as the master and the former as the disciple ? Numerous specialists have asserted that Baudelaire had wanted to be the French Edgar Poe and acknowledged in the American writer a sort of duplicate. Poe has also been made Baudelaire's master when platonism is concerned. This article aims at shading such assertions, which can be accused of rubbing out the fundamental differences between Baudelaire's work and Poe's.Tout le monde s'accorde à voir en Baudelaire l'intermédiaire majeur entre Poe et, non seulement la France, mais aussi toute l'Europe continentale. On voit bien de quoi Poe est redevable à l'auteur des Fleurs du Mal. Mais il importe ici de répondre à la question inverse: quelle est la dette de Baudelaire vis-à-vis de Poe? La critique est-elle en droit de voir en celui-ci le maître, et en celui-là le disciple? De nombreux spécialistes ont affirmé que Baudelaire avait voulu être l'Edgar Poe français et avait reconnu dans la personne de l'auteur du «Scarabée d'or» une sorte de double. On a fait aussi de Poe le professeur de Baudelaire en matière de platonisme. Le présent article s'attache à nuancer ces affirmations, auxquelles il faut notamment reprocher de gommer les différences radicales qui séparent l'œuvre de Baudelaire et celle de Poe.Brix Michel. Baudelaire, «disciple» d'Edgar Poe ?. In: Romantisme, 2003, n°122. Maîtres et disciples. pp. 55-69
Evaluación de cambios morfológicos en dentina generados por ácido ortofosfórico al 37% comparado con Brix 3000
No full textConsiderando el mejoramiento de los biomateriales que faciliten las técnicas restaurativas atraumáticas en odontología, geles a base de papaína pueden ser usados para la remoción químico-mecánica de la caries. Sin embargo, no hay información contundente con respecto a la influencia de este gel sobre la estructura de la dentina; es por ello que esta investigación tiene como propósito evaluar a través de un estudio in vitro, su eficacia para generar cambios morfológicos en la estructura dentinal, comparando un sistema de remoción químico mecánico de la caries con el patrón de grabado con ácido ortofosfórico al 37%,determinando así la posibilidad de evitar el uso de este último en la dentina antes de restaurar la cavidad con resina de fotocurado, minimizando así los posibles efectos adversos que produce este, tales como: sensibilidad posoperatoria y daño en el órgano pulpar. Para esto se seleccionará la muestra por conveniencia de acuerdo con marco teórico y estado del arte. La cual estará conformada por dientes deciduos cariados extraídos a pacientes de la universidad Cooperativa de Colombia y otras [email protected]
