101,917 research outputs found
G polymorphism
No full textHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a non classical HLA class I antigen with immuno-modulatory functions. The HLA-G gene is characterized by a +3142C>G variant in the 3′ untranslated region which is suggested to control protein production and to be associated with pathological conditions. DNAs form 221 randomly selected healthy subjects were genotyped for HLA-G +3142C>G polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) (BaeGI), real-time PCR and sequencing. The 19% of the PCR-RFLP heterozygous samples were genotyped as 3142GG by real-time PCR and sequencing. This disagreement is caused by digestion efficiency in PCR-RFLP. This real-time PCR method will guarantee an accurate genotyping for future research and clinical purposes, where large cohorts should be tested. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Soluble HLA-G pre-transplant levels to identify the risk for development of infection in heart transplant recipients
No full textInfection is still a leading cause of death during the first year after heart transplantation. We evaluated the pre-transplant levels of HLA (Human Leukocyte antigen) - G molecules as a means of identifying heart recipients at risk of serious infections. We prospectively analyzed 122 adult heart transplant (HT) recipients. Serum samples were collected beforetransplantation and analyzed for sHLA-G levels by ELISA assay. The clinical follow-up period lasted 5 years. Clinical outcomes were bacterial infections requiring intravenous anti-microbial agents, cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease, and fungal infections requiring therapy. We found that 39 patients (32%) developed at least 1 serious bacterial infection. Higher pre-transplant sHLA-G levels were a risk factor for serious infection (above median value 5.4 ng/ml; relative risk 3.70; 95% confidence interval 1.03-12.64; p = 0.043). Patients with high levels of pre-transplant sHLA-G are also characterized by a lower overall survival at 5 years (p = 0.017), with microbial infections as major causes of death. No association was observed with the development rejection episode. Early monitoring of sHLA-G molecules proved useful for the identification of heart recipients who are at risk of serious infections
Human Herpes simplex 1 virus infection of endometrial decidual tissue-derived MSC alters HLA-G expression and immunosuppressive functions
No full textObjectives: Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells have immunosuppressive functions. Our previous results demonstrated that one of the players of this immunomodulation can be ascribed to the Human Leukocyte Antigen-G. HLA-G, a non classical HLA class I antigen, is involved in immune tolerance during pregnancy, organ transplantation, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In this study we wanted to verify whether human endometrial decidual tissue derived (EDT)-MSC could express HLA-G. Additionally we assessed the permissivity to Human Herpesvirus infections, using HSV-1 as a model, and the possible effect on EDT-MSC immunosuppressive functions towards peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. Methods: We analyzed immune-inhibitory functions and HLA-G expression in human EDT-MSC before and after HSV-1 infection. Results: We observed that EDT-MSC express HLA-G molecules, that partly are responsible for the immune-inhibitory functions of EDT-MSC towards PBMC proliferation. EDT-MSC are permissive for a productive infection by HSV-1, that decreases HLA-G expression and affects EDT-MSC immune-inhibitory functions. Conclusions: We demonstrate that EDT-MSC are susceptible to HSV-1 infection, that reduces HLA-G expression and their immune-inhibitory function. These data could have a clinical implication in the use of EDT-MSC as an immunosuppressant, in particular in steroid-refractory GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and in autoimmune diseases
Implication of HLA-G 3′ untranslated region polymorphisms in human papillomavirus infection
No full textHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is involved in cervical lesion development. It interferes with host immune response and modifies the expression of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G), a nonclassical HLA-I antigen with immune-inhibitory functions. We analyzed the frequencies of two HLA-G 3' untranslated region polymorphisms (14 bp ins/del, +3142C>G), involved in HLA-G modulation, in 33 condyloma acuminatum, 14 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and 100 invasive cervical cancer (ICC) HPV infected patients. We showed the involvement of HLA-G polymorphisms in HPV infection and lesion development, and suggested that 14 bp del allele promotes high-risk HPV infection, with del/C haplotype associated with ICC development. On the basis of these evidences, HLA-G polymorphisms could represent a risk factor in HPV positive subjects
Impact of HLA-G analysis in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions.
No full textHuman leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a non-classical HLA class I molecule that differs from classical HLA class I molecules by low polymorphism and tissue distribution. HLA-G is a tolerogenic molecule with an immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory function on both innate and adaptative immunity. This peculiar characteristic of HLA-G has led to investigations of its role in pathological conditions in order to define possible uses in diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In recent years, HLA-G has been shown to have an important implication in different inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, pregnancy complications, tumor development and aggressiveness, and susceptibility to viral infections. In fact, HLA-G molecules have been reported to alternate at both genetic and protein level in different disease situations, supporting its crucial role in pathological conditions. Specific pathologies show altered levels of soluble (s)HLA-G and different HLA-G gene polymorphisms seem to correlate with disease. This review aims to update scientific knowledge on the contribution of HLA-G in managing pathological conditions
Herpes simplex virus and human cancer. I. Relationship between human cervical tumours and herpes simplex virus type 2
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Vaccination of calves against bovine herpesvirus-1: assessment of the protective value of eight vaccines
No full textEight separate, but related experiments, were carried out in which groups of six calves were vaccinated with one of eight commercial vaccines. In each experiment the vaccinated calves were subsequently exposed to three calves infected with virulent bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1). In each experiment, all infected donor calves developed a typical severe infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) infection and excreted virus in their nasal secretions of up to 108.00 TCID50/0.1 ml. One live BHV-1 gE-negative vaccine (A) and three modified live vaccines (B, C, D), administered intranasally, all protected against clinical disease. The calves vaccinated with one vaccine (C) also did not excrete virus in the nasal secretions, whereas the calves protected by vaccines A, B and D excreted virus in their nasal secretions but at low titres (100.66-101.24 TCID50/0.1 ml). A fourth modified live vaccine (E), given intramuscularly, failed to prevent mild clinical disease in the calves which also excreted virus in the nasal secretions at titre of 101.00 TCID50/0.1 ml. An analogous result was given by the calves vaccinated with either of the two inactivated vaccines (F and G) or with a BHV-1 subunit vaccine (H). All calves developed mild clinical signs and excreted virus at titres of 102.20-103.12 TCID50/0.1 ml. Calves vaccinated with C vaccine were subsequently given dexamethasone, following which virus was recovered from their nasal secretions. The virus isolates did not cause disease when calves were infected and appeared to be closely related to the vaccine strain. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
HLA-G may predict the disease course in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis
No full textThe current management of early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) is to start an intensive treatment as soon as possible. To avoid under/overtreatment, it is important to identify reliable ERA evolution biomarkers. HLA-G molecules has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a role in disease regulation. HLA-G antigens are expressed as membrane bound and soluble isoforms (mHLA-G, sHLA-G) that act as ligand for immune-inhibitory receptors (ILT2, ILT4, KIR2DL4). Expression of HLA-G is influenced by a 14bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in exon 8 of the gene, where the deletion is associated with mRNA stability. We analyzed 23 ERA patients during a 12months follow-up disease treatment for sHLA-G, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha levels in plasma samples by ELISA, mHLA-G and ILT2 expression on peripheral blood CD14 positive cells by flow cytometry and typed HLA-G 14bp deletion/insertion polymorphism by Real-Time PCR. Disease status (DAS28), ultrasonography with power Doppler and laboratory data were checked. Cytokine levels confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of the treatment. sHLA-G, mHLA-G and ILT2 expression inversely correlated with DAS28 disease scores. The frequency of 14bp deletion allele increased in patients with disease remission. Based on these results, HLA-G may be a candidate biomarker to evaluate early prognosis and disease activity in ERA patients
Herpes simplex virus latency in immunosuppressed mice
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Microbiologica
Volume 7, Issue 3, July 1984, Pages 219-227
Herpes simplex virus latency in immunosuppressed mice. (Article)
Rotula, A., Di Luca, D., Gerna, G., Manservigi, R., Tognon, M., Cassai, E.
Abstract
To determine the role of antibodies in establishing Herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency, immunosuppressed Swiss mice were experimentally infected in the right hind footpad with a HSV-1 x HSV-2 recombinant (C6D) with low virulence. Immunosuppression was induced by repeated intraperitoneal inoculations of Cyclophosphamide (CY) and the production of antibodies to C6D in immunosuppressed animals was monitored by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Within 21 days after inoculation, C6D was able to establish a latent infection of lumbosacral spinal ganglia in both normal and CY-treated immunosuppressed animals. The data presented indicate that detectable production of antibodies is not necessary to induce HSV latency in spinal ganglia
Role of HLA-G 14bp deletion/insertion and +3142C>G polymorphisms in the production of sHLA-G molecules in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
No full textHLA-G is believed to act as an anti-inflammatory molecule in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The 3′ untranslated region of the HLA-G gene is characterized by two polymorphisms, DEL/INS14bp and +3142C>G, which control soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) production. The influence of these two HLA-G variants on sHLA-G serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels was investigated in 69 Relapsing-Remitting MS patients grouped in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inactive and active disease. Serum and CSF sHLA-G levels were more elevated in high than in low DEL/INS 14bp and +3142C>G sHLA-G producers and were different among the various combined HLA-G genotypes in both MRI inactive and active diseases. The highest and the lowest sHLA-G values were identified in MS patients with C/C,DEL/DEL and G/G,INS/INS genotypes, respectively. Our preliminary findings suggest that serum and CSF sHLA-G levels in MS could be influenced by HLA-G polymorphisms irrespective of the inflammatory microenvironment
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