2,514 research outputs found
Erste Händel School of Modern Epidemiology in Halle, 3.-6. Oktober 2005 mit Prof. Kenneth J. Rothman
No full textThe Händel School of Modern Epidemiology is dedicated to the education of scientists and students who have a particular interest in modern epidemiologic methods. The school is named after the famous Georg Friederich Händel who was born in Halle (Saale) in 1685. The Händel School will be held once per year in October. This year's opening school was given by Prof. Kenneth J. Rothman from Boston University. The course covered several methodological topics that attracted a wide range of scientists and students from seven European countries. The next year's Händel School lecturer will be Prof. Albert Hofman, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, who will cover modern methods of clinical epidemiology.Die Händel School of Modern Epidemiology hat das Ziel, Wissenschaftlern und Studierenden mit besonderem Interesse an modernen epidemiologischen Methoden international hochrangige Fortbildungen anzubieten. Die neu gegründete Epidemiology School ist nach Georg Friedrich Händel, der im Jahre 1685 in Halle (Saale) geboren wurde, benannt. Die Händel School wird einmal pro Jahr im Oktober angeboten. Die diesjährige erstmalige Händel School wurde von Prof. Kenneth J. Rothman der Boston University gegeben. Der Kursus behandelte diverse wichtige methodische Themen, die eine große Zahl von Wissenschaftlern und Studierenden aus sieben Europäischen Ländern anzog. Die 2. Händel School of Modern Epidemiology im Jahre 2006 wird von Prof. Albert Hofman, Erasmus Universität, Rotterdam, gegeben und wird den Schwerpunkt "Moderne Methoden der klinischen Epidemiologie" behandeln
Modern epidemiology/ Timothy L. Lash, Tyler J. VanderWeele, Sebastien Haneuse, Kenneth J. Rothman.
No full textKenneth J. Rothman's name appears first in the previous edition.Includes bibliographical references and index.The thoroughly revised and updated Third Edition of Dr. Rothman's acclaimed Modern Epidemiology reflects the conceptual development of this evolving science and the engagement of epidemiologists with an increasing range of current public health concerns.1 online resource
Selenium exposure and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textIn 2007, supplementation with the trace element selenium in a trial was unexpectedly found to be associated with an excess risk of type 2 diabetes. Given the concerns raised by these findings and the large number of recent studies on this topic, we reviewed the available literature with respect to this possible association. In this paper, we assessed the results of both experimental and nonexperimental epidemiologic studies linking selenium with type 2 diabetes incidence. Through a systematic literature search, we retrieved 50 potentially eligible nonexperimental studies and 5 randomized controlled trials published through June 11, 2018. To elucidate the possible dose-response relation, we selected for further analysis those studies that included multiple exposure levels and serum or plasma levels. We computed a pooled summary risk ratio (RR) of diabetes according to selenium exposure in these studies. We also computed a RR for diabetes incidence following supplementation with 200 μg/day of selenium compared with placebo in trials. In the nonexperimental studies, we found a direct relation between selenium exposure and risk of diabetes, with a clear and roughly linear trend in subjects with higher plasma or serum selenium levels, with RR at 140 μg/L of selenium exposure compared with a referent category of < 45 μg/L equal to 3.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-9.4]. A dose-response meta-analysis focusing on studies with direct assessment of dietary selenium intake showed a similar trend. In experimental studies, selenium supplementation increased the risk of diabetes by 11% (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22) compared with the placebo-allocated participants, with a higher RR in women than in men. Overall, results from both nonexperimental and experimental studies indicate that selenium may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes across a wide range of exposure levels. The relative increase in risk is small but of possible public health importance because of the high incidence of diabetes and the ubiquity of selenium exposure
sj-docx-1-jmh-10.1177_15579883221075520 – Supplemental material for A Prospective Study of Male Depression, Psychotropic Medication Use, and Fecundability
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jmh-10.1177_15579883221075520 for A Prospective Study of Male Depression, Psychotropic Medication Use, and Fecundability by Jennifer J. Yland, Craig J. McKinnon, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Michael L. Eisenberg, Yael I. Nillni, Kenneth J. Rothman and Lauren A. Wise in American Journal of Men's Health</p
A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of exposure to environmental selenium and the risk of type 2 diabetes in nonexperimental studies
No full textAccumulating evidence from both experimental and nonexperimental human studies in the last 15 years indicates that exposure to high levels of the trace element selenium increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the relation of dose to effect is not well understood because randomized controlled trials used only one dose (200 mug/day) of selenium supplementation. While no new trial on this topic has been published since 2018, several nonexperimental studies have appeared. We therefore updated a previous meta-analysis to include recently published observational studies, and incorporated the recently developed one-stage random-effects model to display the dose-response relation between selenium and diabetes. We retrieved 34 potentially eligible nonexperimental studies on selenium and diabetes risk up to April 15, 2021. The bulk of the evidence indicates a direct relation between blood, dietary and urinary levels of selenium and risk of diabetes, but not with nail selenium, which is considered a less reliable biomarker. The association was nonlinear, with risk increasing above 80 mug/day of dietary selenium. Whole blood/plasma/serum selenium concentrations of 160 mug/L corresponded to a risk ratio of 1.96 (95% CI 1.27-3.03) compared with a concentration of 90 mug/L (approximately 60 mug of daily selenium intake). The cohort studies, which are less susceptible to reverse causation bias, indicated increased risk for both blood and urine selenium levels and dietary selenium intake, whereas no such pattern emerged from studies relying on nail selenium content. Overall, the nonexperimental studies agree with findings from randomized controlled trials, indicating that moderate to high levels of selenium exposure are associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes
The Epidemiologist's Lament
No full textDespite increasing public demand and support for epidemiological
research, Rothman and other investigators find it increasingly difficult to
obtain permission to conduct their studies in hospitals. Considered outsiders
in most institutions but dependent on patient interviews for much of their
data, epidemiologists must meet stringent, often unrealistic informed consent
requirements set by unsympathetic institutional review boards (IRBs). Since
it appears unlikely that the boards will relinquish their review prerogatives,
the author recommends the appointment of epidemiologists to hospital IRBs to
advise members on how to evaluate epidemiologic projects. (KIE abstract
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