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CONSIDERATIONS ON THE ROLE OF THE SCHOOL IN SOCIAL MOBILITY
Get PDFThe role of the school in the process of status attainment for individuals with different social origins should be analysed both from the perspective of social mobility flows (absolute rates of mobility) and inequality of social chances (relative rates and odds ratios). Inspired by Raymond Boudon’s earlier studies in the 1970s, the author scrutinises the complex relationships between expanding access to higher levels of education, social mobility trajectories, and inequality of chances of status achievement in the context of persistent inequalities in contemporary capitalist societies. He concludes that at the societal level, an increase of the dependency of achieved social status on educational qualification will lead to greater immobility if the inequality of educational chances remains constant. At the level of individuals, the same process will lead to greater probability of upward mobility in the case of people with higher levels of educational qualification, and greater probability of downward mobility for those with lower educational qualification
Îmbătrânirea demografică și unele efecte sociale ale ei: Demographic Aging and Its Social Effects
No full textSome demographic processes have been listed among other global threats to humankind. A couple of decades ago, overpopulation and the rapid population growth were considered the main demographic risks; today, demographic aging is more and more viewed as a threat. The author argues against the pessimistic and catastrophic views often present in research or social action programs, and submits a realistic thesis, based on socio-demographic analyses of social phenomena. The article discusses the genesis and evolution of the process of demographic aging, and then assesses the dangers involved in this situation. The article focuses on the often-mentioned threat that civilization cannot longer evolve because of aging, and the two risks discussed in the demographic and economic literature: the collapse of the pension system and of the social insurance system. The general conclusion related to these last two issues is that the problems of Occidental societies related to aging are social problems that have social solutions, and they are not demographic problems to be addressed by demographic policies
Notes on the Demographic Transformations in Postcommunist Romania
Get PDFThe article presents a few of the demographic transformations in Romania in the period after the fall of the communist regime in 1989, when the new social circumstances, along with legal changes, had an undeniable effect on the manifestation of the demographic phenomena and thus on the volume and the structure of the population. The present article summarizes and also describes the transformations, with a few attempts at explaining them, without, however, aligning to any major theory that attempts to explain what has happened and to predict what will come next. In order to avoid entrapment within an enclosed discursive universe, there will be references to the situation of other countries, mainly in the geographical area of Romania and, more widely, in the European Union. The demographic phenomena that are analysed individually are fertility and mortality, which have a direct impact on the natural growth of the population. There are only a few suggestions on transnational migration in the section devoted to the changes of the population. Last, but not least, the text is a critical analysis of some of the official demographic statistics put forward by the National Institute of Statistics and even by EUROSTAT – data that is questionable or outright false and risks misleading the reader that is less familiar with the demographic situation of Romania
Câteva gânduri despre sociologia noastră de azi şi despre slujitorii ei: Several Thoughts on Current Sociology and Its Practitioners
No full textSociologii şi sociologia în România de azi: Sociologists and sociology in today’s Romania
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Gânduri despre o carte și autorul ei: Andrei Roth, Naționalism sau democratism?, Pro Europa, Târgu Mureș, 1999, 358 p.
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