20 research outputs found
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK BEBERAPA VARIETAS TEBU ( Saccharum officinarum L.) HASIL KULTUR JARINGAN PADA BERBAGAI JARAK TANAM UNTUK PENYEDIAAN MATA TUNAS SEHAT DAN BERKUALITAS
No full textPemerintah
telah
mencanangkan
swasembada
gula
di
tahun
2007,
namun
gagal.
Swasembada
gula
dicanangkan
kembali
ditahun
2008,
diundur
tahun
2009
dan
akhirnya
diperpanjang
sampai
tahun
2014
(A
rifin,
2008).
Swasembada
gul
a
2014 dapat
dic
apai j
ika terdapat penambahan
luas areal tebu se
bany
ak 134.800 ha.
Penambahan
areal
tebu
harus
diikuti
dengan
penyediaan
benihnya.
Teknik
penyediaan
benih
tebu
secara
konvensional
tidak
mampu
menyediakan
benih
untuk
penambahan
areal
tersebut.
Teknik
perbanyakan
melalui
kultur
jaringan
telah
dikembangkan
untuk
menyelesaikan
permasalahan
pemenuhan
benih,
namun
masih
membutuhkan
penyempurnaan.
Planlet
tebu
apabila
langsung
ditanam
di
lahan
tebu
untuk
menjadi
tebu
giling
jumlahnya
masih
terbatas
dan
harganya
mahal.
Planlet
akan
diperbanyak
lagi
di
luar
laboratorium,
teknik
ini
dikenal
dengan
bud
set
bagal
mikro.
Oleh
karena
itu
untuk
mempercepat
perbanyakan
benih,
perlu
dilakukan
studi
perbany
akan
cepat
planlet
tebu
diluar
laboratorium.
Tujuan
penelitian
untuk
mengetahui
pengaruh
varietas
dan
jarak
tanam
terhadap
karakteristik
dan
efektivitas
multiplikasi
benih
tebu
hasil
kultur
jaringan dalam penyediaan mata tunas sehat dan berkualitas.
Percobaan
dilakukan
dalam
dua
tahap.
Tahap
pertama
yaitu
pengecambahan
mata
tunas
tebu
di
polybag
selama
45
hari.
Tahap
kedua
yaitu
penanaman
benih
tebu
di
lahan
penelitian.
Percobaan
dilahan
dilakukan
selama
4
bulan yaitu pada bulan Desember 2012 sampai April 2013.
Percobaan
disusun
menurut
percobaan
berfaktor
4x4
dengan
tiga
ulangan
menggunakan rancangan Split Plot Design (Ranc
angan Petak Terbagi). Dua faktor
perlakuan
yang
diuji
yaitu
jarak
tanam
(P)
dan
varietas
(V)
tebu.
Jarak
tanam
(P)
terdiri
dari
empat
perlakuan
yaitu
jarak
tanam
90x60
cm
(16.070
rumpun/ha),
jarak
tanam
100x50
cm
(17.352
rumpun/ha),
jarak
tanam
110x40
cm
(19.725 rumpun/ha)
dan
120x30
cm
(24.100
rumpun/ha).
Varietas
tebu
(V)
terdiri
dari
empat
jenis
yaitu
PS
862
konvensional
1
),
PS
881
kultur
ja
ringan
(V
),
PS
862
kultur ja
ringan (V
3
),
dan
BL kultur
jaringan
(V
).
Perbedaan
antara
per
lakuan
diuji dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf α=5%.
4
Hasil
percobaan
menunjukkan
bahwa
serangan
OPT
benih
tebu
hasil
kultur
jaringan
secara
umum
lebih
rendah
dari
benih
konvensional.
Varietas
PS
862
konvensional
terinfeksi
penyakit
RSD,
sehingga
tidak
dapat
digunakan
sebagai
sumber
benih.
Selain
itu,
PS
862
konvensional
memiliki
nilai
serangan
hama
yang
lebih
tinggi
dibandingkan
varietas
hasil
kultur
jaringan,
indeks
penggerek pucuk 3,38 persen dan indeks penggerek batang 1,28 persen.
Multiplikasi
benih
per
hektar
meningkat
seiring
dengan
semakin
rapat
jarak
tanam,
namun
resiko
tersera
ng
OPT
tinggi.
Benih
hasil
kultur
jaringan
memiliki
karakteristik
benih
yang
lebih
optimal
dari
pad
a
benih
konvensional.
Varietas
BL
pada
jarak
tanam
100x50cm
memiliki
multiplikasi
tertinggi
yaitu
58
kali,
diikuti
deng
an
varietas
PS
881
dengan
tingkat
multiplikasi
(49
kali)
pada
jarak
tanam
dan120x30
cm
dan
varietas
PS
862
memiliki
multiplikasi
(54
kali)
pada jarak tanam 120x30 cm
Polyphenol Content and Enhancing Plant resistance of Lowland Arabica Coffee
No full textThe production of arabica coffee in Indonesia is still low because of leaf rust disease
suppression caused by Hemileia vastatrix. Basically, it can produce well in the overlapping zone
(1000-1500 masl). This potential can be used as basic for intensifying arabica coffee cultivation to
the lowland. For anticipation steps to reduce the spread of leaf rust can be done by increasing the
production of polyphenol as plant resistance. The addition of mineral element such as silica, boron,
iodine, calcium, and potassium can stimulate the synthesis of plant polyphenol. In this research, five
minerals above were tested into 7 treatment with single factor RCBD, that is without additional of
the mineral element, 150 mg L-1-1 Si, 3000 mg L-1 B, 3000 mg L-1 Ca, 20.000 mg L-1K, 300 mg L I, and the combination/mix of five mineral elements. The laboratory analysis shows that calcium able
to produce the highest polyphenol, but it is not a real difference with silica. The polyphenol that
synthesized by Si, I, and K was able to reduce the leaf rust incidence until 78,13%, while Ca can
reduce the incidence up to 71,88%
Role of Mineral Elements to Induce the Resistance of Arabica Coffee Against Rust Disease at Lowland Area
No full textLowland arabica coffee can be affected by leaf rust and its decrease the coffee production up to 80%. The resistance level of the plant can be determined by the content of cellulose, lignin, calcium pectate, and polyphenols in leaf tissue. Many publications reported that the mineral element could increase the content of the metabolites. This study aimed to determine the effect of Si, B, I, Ca, and K on the incidence of leaf rust attack. The experiment was carried out at 400 m a.s.l. in 2018. The experimental subjects were KT variety, which was six years old. The experiment used a randomized block design with seven treatments. The results showed that there were 1) decrease the number of leaves affected by rust between first and second observation, and 2) compared to controls, all treatments has decreased the incidence of attacks leaf rust disease. Conclusion: There is a tendency of differences in the incidence rate of attack of leaf rust disease in each treatment. Control plants showed the highest incidence rate of 1.25%, while the lowest incidence was affected by Silica, iodine, and potassium, which were 0.63%. The treatment of silica and iodine was able to reduce the highest number of colonies Leaf Rust
Soil Damage Potential Index Based on Weighting Scoring Analysis and Utilization of Geographical Information Systems
Get PDFIndonesia's population in 2021 will increase by 0.92% from 2020. The increasing population demands the fulfillment of food. Land changes and their consequences indicate land damage. The purpose of the study was to assess the soil damage potential index (SDPI) on the slopes of Mount Argopura through terrain analysis and the use of geographic information system technology. The research was carried out on the slopes of Mount Argopura in 2022. The tools used included a clinometer, a GPS, spectrophotometer, AAS, arc GIS 13 and minitab. The materials included administrative maps, soil maps, slope maps, RBI maps, land use maps, rainfall maps. This research is descriptive exploratory with field survey method. The activity is divided into 3 stages, namely pre-survey, field survey, and post-survey. Research parameters include texture, soil thickness, soil type, soil pH, CEC, base saturation, soil drainage, parent material, landform, relief, rainfall, and land use. Based on the results of the study, the SDPI with an area of 22,148.75 ha was in the heavy category 44.12% (9772.28 ha), the medium category was 53.11% (11762.84 ha), and the light category was 2.77% (613.63 ha)
Role of Mineral Elements to Induce the Resistance of Arabica Coffee Against Rust Disease at Lowland Area
No full textLowland arabica coffee can be affected by leaf rust and its decrease the coffee production up to
80%. The resistance level of the plant can be determined by the content of cellulose, lignin, calcium pectate,
and polyphenols in leaf tissue. Many publications reported that the mineral element could increase the content
of the metabolites. This study aimed to determine the effect of Si, B, I, Ca, and K on the incidence of leaf rust
attack. The experiment was carried out at 400 m a.s.l. in 2018. The experimental subjects were KT variety,
which was six years old. The experiment used a randomized block design with seven treatments. The results
showed that there were 1) decrease the number of leaves affected by rust between first and second
observation, and 2) compared to controls, all treatments has decreased the incidence of attacks leaf rust
disease. Conclusion: There is a tendency of differences in the incidence rate of attack of leaf rust disease in
each treatment. Control plants showed the highest incidence rate of 1.25%, while the lowest incidence was
affected by Silica, iodine, and potassium, which were 0.63%. The treatment of silica and iodine was able to
reduce the highest number of colonies Leaf Rust
Polyphenol Content and Enhancing Plant resistance of Lowland Arabica Coffee
No full textThe production of arabica coffee in Indonesia is still low because of leaf rust disease suppression caused by Hemileia vastatrix. Basically, it can produce well in the overlapping zone (1000-1500 masl). This potential can be used as basic for intensifying arabica coffee cultivation to the lowland. For anticipation steps to reduce the spread of leaf rust can be done by increasing the production of polyphenol as plant resistance. The addition of mineral element such as silica, boron, iodine, calcium, and potassium can stimulate the synthesis of plant polyphenol. In this research, five minerals above were tested into 7 treatment with single factor RCBD, that is without additional of the mineral element, 150 mg L-1 Si, 300 mg L-1 B, 3000 mg L-1 Ca, 20.000 mg L-1 K, 300 mg L-1 I, and the combination/mix of five mineral elements. The laboratory analysis shows that calcium able to produce the highest polyphenol, but it is not a real difference with silica. The polyphenol that synthesized by Si, I, and K was able to reduce the leaf rust incidence until 78,13%, while Ca can reduce the incidence up to 71,88%
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN INVIGORASI DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP VIABILITAS DAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO
Get PDFBenih kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan benih rekalsitran yang cepat mengalami kemunduran selama penyimpanan. Penanganan benih yang tepat melalui invigorasi, dapat menjadi solusi untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh invigorasi dan lama penyimpanan terhadap viabilitas benih dan pertumbuhan awal bibit kakao. Bahan yang digunakan benih kakao, cocopeat, PEG 6000, NAA, GA3 dan bahan pendukung lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah jenis invigorasi dan faktor kedua adalah lama penyimpanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media cocopeat, PEG 6000, NAA dan GA3 dengan lama penyimpanan 4 minggu memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap vibilitas benih dan pertumbuhan awal bibit kakao
Pengaruh pemberian thidiazuron dan NAA pada media MS terhadap regenerasi eksplan nodal vanili (Vanilla Planifolia Andrews) secara in vitro
Get PDFVanilla is a commodity with high economic value that belongs to the Orichidaceae family. One of the problems in vanilla cultivation is unhealthy seedlings and mother plants due to Fusarium oxysporum infection. In vitro plant propagation is an alternative because it uses a small part of the plant on sterile media so that it becomes a healthy plant. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of thidiazuron and NAA on the growth response of vanilla (Vanillaplanifolia Andrews) node explants in vitro. This research method uses RAL, which consists of two factors. Thidiazuron at concentrations of 0, 0.5, and 1 ppm combined with NAA at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 ppm. The data were analyzed by ANOVA at 5% level of significance, followed by BNT (Least Significant Difference) test at 5% level of significance. The results showed that the interaction between the administration of thidiazuron and NAA on the response of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) nodule explants in vitro had a significant effect on the variables of shoot length and root length. In conclusion, the combined treatment of thidiazuron concentration 0.5 ppm and NAA concentration 1 ppm (T1N1) showed the best trend.Vanili adalah komoditas dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi yang diklasifikasikan ke dalam keluarga Orichidaceae. Salah satu masalah dalam budidaya vanili adalah bibit dan tanaman induk yang tidak sehat akibat infeksi Fusarium oxysporum. Perbanyakan tanaman secara in vitro menjadi salah satu alternatif karena memanfaatkan bagian kecil dari tanaman pada media steril sehingga menjadi tanaman yang sehat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Thidiazuron dan NAA terhadap respon pertumbuhan eksplan nodus vanili (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) secara in vitro. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan RAL yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Thidiazuron pada konsentrasi 0, 0,5, dan 1 ppm dikombinasikan dengan NAA pada konsentrasi 0, 1, 2 ppm. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan tingkat signifikan 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) dengan tingkat signifikan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara pemberian thidiazuron dan NAA terhadap respon eksplan nodal vanili (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) secara in vitro berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel panjang tunas dan panjang akar. Simpulannya, perlakuan kombinasi konsentrasi thidiazuron 0,5 ppm dan NAA konsentrasi 1 ppm (T1N1) menunjukkan tren terbaik
INTENSIFIKASI BUDIDAYA SELADA HIDROPONIK SKALA MIKRO MELALUI PENERAPAN SISTEM PEREMAJAAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN
Get PDFAbstrak: Keterbatasan lahan menjadi salah satu penghambat terbesar petani dalam usaha budidaya selada hidroponik. Jumlah lubang tanam membatasi produktivitas tanaman. Intensifikasi lubang tanam pada usaha budidaya selada hidroponik dapat diupayakan dengan menerapkan sistem peremajaan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan membantu petani hidroponik menerapkan intensifikasi lahan agar meningkatkan produktivitasnya, sehingga pendapatan petani meningkat. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan menggunakan metode demonstrasi dan dilanjutkan dengan pendampingan penerapan pada lokasi usaha mitra. Evaluasi dilakukan 3 bulan setelah pendampingan dengan cara observasi/menghitung langsung produksi selada dan pendapatan petani di setiap bulannya. Kegiatan ini melibatkan dua mitra yang merupakan petani muda dengan pengalaman kurang dari 5 tahun, yaitu Hidayah Farm Agro dan Satriya Agro di Desa Tegalsari Kecamatan Ambulu Kabupaten Jember. Jumlah peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ini sebanyak 15 orang. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa 73% peserta paham dalam menerapkan sistem peremajaan. 53% peserta juga memahami pentingnya penggunaan benih unggul. Penerapan sistem peremajaan dapat mengoptimalkan meja produksi hingga 50% dan meningkatkan produksi 48,25 – 50,14%. Rerata produktivitas selada hidroponik per bulan juga meningkat seiring dengan persentase peningkatan lubang tanam dan diikuti dengan peningkatan penghasilan petani.Abstract: Land limitations are one of the biggest obstacles for farmers in hydroponic lettuce cultivation. The number of planting holes limits crop productivity. Intensification of planting holes in hydroponic lettuce cultivation can be achieved by implementing a rejuvenation system. This community service program aims to help hydroponic farmers intensify their land use to increase productivity, thereby increasing farmers' income. The service activity was carried out using the demonstration method and followed by assistance in implementation at the partner's business location. The evaluation was conducted 3 months after the assistance by observing/calculating the lettuce production and farmers' income each month. This activity involved two partners who are young farmers with less than 5 years of experience, namely Hidayah Farm Agro and Satriya Agro in Tegalsari Village, Ambulu District, Jember Regency. A total of 15 people participated in this activity. The results of the activity showed that 73% of participants understood how to implement the rejuvenation system. 53% of participants also understood the importance of using superior seeds. The implementation of the renewal system can optimize production by up to 50% and increase production by 48.25–50.14%. The average monthly productivity of hydroponic lettuce also increased in line with the percentage increase in planting holes, followed by an increase in farmers' income
Efektivitas Pemupukan Nitrogen Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Klorofil Kopi Gold Robusta
Get PDFCoffee is one of the important plantation commodities that plays a significant role in the Indonesian economy. Gold Robusta coffee is a potential genotype currently being developed in Jember, particularly by the University of Jember, as an alternative to the common practice of using seedling cuttings with unidentified genetic origins. This study aimed to determine the optimal nitrogen (urea) dosage containing 46% N and its growth response on immature (TBM) Gold Robusta coffee plants. The research was conducted at the Experimental Field in Darsono Village, Arjasa District, Jember Regency, from May to December 2024. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor, consisting of three levels of urea fertilizer doses, namely 15 g, 30 g, and 45 g/plant, each replicated nine times. Observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number and length of productive branches, leaf area, and chlorophyll content. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and significant differences were further tested with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that urea application significantly affected the growth of immature Gold Robusta coffee. A dose of 45 g/plant produced the best growth performance with an average plant height of 112.78 cm, 21.44 leaves, leaf area of 163.56 cm², and productive branch length of 47 cm. Therefore, urea application at 45 g/plant can be recommended as a fertilizer guideline during the immature phase of Gold Robusta coffee
