1,721,464 research outputs found
Osteoporosi: progressi nella diagnosi e nel trattamento
No full textVengono esposte le diverse linee di ricerca portate avanti. In particolare viene esposta la valutazione e la messa a punto di tecniche mineralometriche e laboratoristiche per lo studio fisiopatologico e la diagnosi dei processi osteopenizzanti. Inoltre sono riassunti i risultati degli studi condotti sui meccanismi d'azione e sugli effetti dei vari farmaci impiegati o potenzialmente indicati nel trattamento dell'osteoporosi.Progress has been made in recent years in expanding the understanding of the disease in postmenopausal women, yet, a great deal is still unknown about the primary prevention of this disease, how best to achieve peak bone mass in children, as well as the epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease in other populations, including men, minority women and premenopausal women
Steroidi ed osteoporosi: alterazioni della qualità dell’osso e rapido incremento del rischio fratturativo.
No full text
Vitamin D inadequacy: the Italian picture
Full text linkNumerous epidemiological studies have assessed the prevalence
of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and
have indicated that vitamin D inadequacy is a common problem
in Italy, particularly in elderly women, and not only in inpatients
with chronic disease or institutionalised subjects.
There are important seasonal fluctuations in subjects living at
home. Lower educational level, living in central Italy, smoking,
and low intake of dairy products are associated with increased
risk of vitamin D inadequacy.
European and International studies have confirmed the high
incidence of hypovitaminosis D in Italy, that appears unexpectedly
more common than in northern European countries.
Also, in Italy there is evidence that concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin
D below 30 nmol/L is associated with secondary
hyperparathyroidism, increased bone turnover, decreased
bone mineral density at the hip, higher hip fracture prevalence,
reduced muscular function and disability.
The frequent finding of a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency,
in spite of the large amount of scientific data regarding
the important role in the pathogenesis of skeletal and nonskeletal
diseases, indicates that the treatments used up to
now are insufficient or inadequate. A population-based strategy
to correct this condition and new treatment methods with
vitamin D that guarantee a better and long term compliance
appear urgent. Preliminary experiences are heartening
Anabolic steroids in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
No full textSevere osteoporosis represents a major complication of corticosteroid (CST) excess. Steroid-induced osteoporosis is characterized by both increased bone resorption and inhibition of bone formation. Excessive bone resorption is attributed to hyperparathyroidism which is secondary to calcium malabsorption. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation or treatment with inhibitors of bone resorption are of benefit but they usually lead to further inhibition of bone formation. The inhibition of bone formation in CST treated patients is due in part to suppression of adrenal androgen secretion. Thus the suppressed circulating levels of osteocalcin, a biochemical marker of osteoblast activity, in patients on CST can be reverted to normal by administration of anabolic steroids. In a prospective controlled trial in patients on long-term CST therapy we have observed that nandrolone decanoate therapy, 50 mg intramuscularly every 3 weeks for 18 months, induces a transient increase in bone mass within the first 6 months of treatment and prevent further losses thereafter. The sequential biochemical changes indicate that nandrolone decanoate in patients on CST inhibits bone resorption without affecting or even increasing bone formation. Furthermore in patients on CST treatment the virilizing activity of nandrolone decanoate was virtually negligible at least within the 18 months of treatment. These results indicate that anabolic steroid administration may represent a rational and convenient strategy for preventing and treating CST-induced osteoporosis
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